1、课题： Grammar（Module 6, Book 6）一、教学目标、方法和手段概述二、教学流程设计Step1 Lead-in (Purpose: Arouse students interest, help them warm up and lead to the grammar part naturally.)Show two pictures about Helen Keller and enjoy the sentence from her book.课 题 Animals in Danger 课 型 Grammar知识目标To review:1.Revise and master
2、the Subjunctive Mood form. 2.Improve the students ability to use “if” in the Subjunctive Mood.3.Masterdifferent kinds of the Subjunctive Mood to make up sentences. 能力目标To train: 1.Enlarge and enrich the students grammar knowledge about Subjunctive Mood.2.Enable the students to analyze the structure
3、of Subjunctive Mood .情感态度价值观To arouse students:1. Overcoming difficulty in studying grammar.2. Working cooperatively with others.目标要求教学重难点1.Help Ss learn how to use the subjunctive correctly2.Enable Ss to learn three “if” structures：If did(not)/were(not)，would/should/could/might ；If had(not)done， wo
4、uld/should/could/might have;If did(not)/were(not) to/ should，would/should/ could/might 教学方法 任务性教学，归纳总结，讲练结合，合作学习教学手段 多媒体教学If I were the president of a university, I should establish a compulsory course in “How to Use Your Eyes“.Perhaps I can best illustrate by imagining what I should most like to se
5、e if I were given the use of my eyes, say, for just three days.Get students to think the question: How would you use your own eyes if you had only three more days to see?(Tips: Use Subjunctive Mood to give answers.)Step2 Observation & Discussion& Conclusion(Purpose: Observe and then conclude the rul
6、es of “if” subjunctive mood.)Task 1. Ask Ss to read the sentences and answer some questionsIf he had time now, he would walk to school.Q：Does he have time now? No, he doesnt. present Does he walk to school? No, he doesnt.If they had reached the beach，they would probably have been killedQ：Did they re
7、ach the beach? No, they didnt reach the beach. pastWere they killed? No, they were not killed If I were the president of a university, I should establish a compulsory course in “How to Use Your Eyes“.Q：Are you the president of a university? No, I am not.Will you establish a compulsory course in “How
8、 to Use Your Eyes“? future No, I wont.Then guide Ss to draw a conclusion of them.ConclusionIf 引导的非真实条件从句中的虚拟用法：虚拟情况 If非真实条件从句 主句表示与现在事实相反的情况动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) wouldcouldmight+ 动词原形表示与过去事实相反的情况动词的过去完成时(had done) wouldcouldmight +have done表示将来不大可能实现的事情动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)were toshould+ 动词原形wouldcouldm
9、ight+ 动词原形【活学巧用】Ask Ss to read the sentences and choose the correct meanings.(Exercise 3)1.Germany invaded Poland. The British declared war.A. If Germany hadnt invaded Poland, the British wouldnt have declared war.B. If Germany had invaded Poland, the British wouldnt have declared war.2. The soldier
10、s reached the beach. They were attacked by the Germans.A. If the soldiers had reached the beach, they wouldnt have been attacked by the Germans.B. If the soldiers hadnt reached the beach, they wouldnt have been attacked by the Germans.3. The water was very deep. It was impossible for the soldiers to
11、 walk to the beach.A. If the water hadnt been so deep, it would have been possible for the soldiers to walk to the beach .B. If the water hadnt been so deep, it would have been impossible for the soldiers to walk to the beach .4. The invasion of Normandy was successful. The war ended soon afterwards
12、.A. If the invasion of Normandy hadnt been successful, the war would have ended soon afterwards.B. If the invasion of Normandy hadnt been successful, the war wouldnt have ended soon afterwards.Answer: A B A B. Task 2. Distinguish and draw a conclusion.1. If you had studied hard before, you would be
13、a college student now.If you had studied hard before, you would have gone to college.Difference:If 非真实条件从句 主句had studied -past would be -presenthad studied -past would have gone -past总结 1 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：“错综时间虚拟语气”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整 【活学巧用】If you had taken the medicine yesterd
14、ay, you_( feel )better now.If I had listened to the doctor, I _(recover) right now.Answer: would feel, would recover2. Without air, there would be no living things.But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.总结 2 有时候假设的情况不以 if 引导的条件句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语、连词或其他形式表示,被称为：“含蓄条件句” 。【活学巧用】找准时间灵活对应with
15、out，with，but for，otherwise，or，butIf we had not had your help, we could not have finished the task. _your help, we could not have finished the task.He felt very tired yesterday. If he didnt feel tired, he would have come to the party.He felt very tired yesterday，_he would have come to the party.Answe
16、r: Without, or/otherwise3. Were I you，I would go to the party.Had you come earlier，you would catch the bus.Should it happen，what would you do?总结 3 当 if 从句中含有 were/ should/ had 时，则可以省略 if，把这三个词置于句首，采用倒装语序。【活学巧用】If I were at school again, I would study harder._at school again, I would study harder.If
17、you had come earlier, you would have met him._earlier, you would have met him.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing._tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Answer: Were I，Had you come，Should it rainStep 3. Summarize other usage of Subjunctive Mood.(Purpose: Enable Ss to revise other form
18、s of Subjunctive Mood.)Ask Ss to fill in the blanks according to the examples.虚拟语气在从句中的用法从句 用法 例句1.表示现在不可能实现的愿望，从句中谓语动词用过去式（be 动词一般用 were） 。I wish it were spring now.2.表示过去不可能实现的愿望，从句中谓语动词常用 had过去分词。I wish he had finished his homework yesterday.wish 宾语从句中的虚拟语气3.表示将来不可能实现的愿，从句中动词常用would/could动词原形。I w
19、ish I could fly to the moon one day.提前 were/ should/ had一坚持（insist ） ，二命令（order，command） ，三建议（suggest，propose，advise） ，四要求（demand，require，request，ask）谓语动词必须用后面的宾语从句&由 it 作形式主语的主语从句&相应的名词后的表语从句和同位语从句用“（should）动词原形”.The teacher ordered that the homework（should）be handed in on time.It is suggested that
20、 the meeting（should ）be put off.My suggestion that we (should) have a meeting has been accepted by others.It is important /strange/ natural/ necessary/a pity/a shame 等 that 从句，表示情绪、观点等谓语动词用“（should）动词原形” ，should 可以省略It is a pity that he（should）refuse to accept the offer.It is（high）time that.句型从句常用过去
21、式，有时也用 should动词原形It is time that we studied hard.表示与现在事实相反，用过去式He treats the boy as if he were his own son.I would rather you paid me now.If only I knew the answer!as if/ as though 引导的状语从句&would rather 从句& if only “要是就好了”与过去事实相反用过去完成式 (had done)He walked slowly as though he had hurt his leg.I would
22、rather you had gone there last Sunday.If only I had passed the driving test last week!【注意】(1)suggest 意为“表明，暗示”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。(2)insist 意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。Step 4 Practice and Consolidation (Purpose: Enable Ss to different forms of the Subjunctive Mood.)Task 1. Fill in the blanks, using the proper
23、 forms.1.Whats your opinion of Mr. Lis request that we _ (spend) half an hour reading English aloud every morning?2.I ran all the way to school yesterday，otherwise I _(be) late for the annual talent show.3.Whats your feeling now?I am terribly sorry. If only I _(come)here yesterday!4.Its everybodys d
24、esire that every effort _ (make)to reduce the pollution in our city.5.If he had decided where to go，he _ (be) on his way at present.6. Without your selfless help，I _ (make) such great progress.7. Had you arrived a little earlier，you _(get) a copy of his latest book.8.How I wish I _ (have)the key wit
25、h me!Then you would not have to wait for your wifes rescue.Answer: 1.should spend 2.would have been 3. had come 4.should make 5.would be 6.would have made 7. could have got 8.hadTask 2. Game(句子接龙) Give several topics to each group, and ask Ss to make an oral presentation, using the Subjunctive Mood.
26、 If necessary, write it down.Group 1:If I had three days to see, I would/couldGroup 2: If the WWII hadnt broke out, Group 3: I could have spent a happier weekend, if Group 4: Our class would have won the football match, ifGroup 5: I wish I were the president of USA. If I Ss work in groups to finish
27、their topic by using the Subjunctive Mood. Try to use as many forms as possible, then show their presentation. For example: If I had three days to see, I would go to France. If I were in France, I would climb the Eiffel Tower.If I climbed the Eiffel Tower, I wouldTask 3. Make up a story.Look at the
28、following pictures, try to make up a story by using the Subjunctive Mood. 孙女上学Sentence patterns for reference:1. If I werent a student, I would not 2. Its high time that 3. I wish 4. Without/ But for the help of my grandpa, 5.If only my grandpa had a car, 6. My mother suggest that 7. I insist that 8
29、. I would ratherStudents work individually to make up their stories, and then ask two students to share their stories in the class. Step 5 HomeworkRewrite your story and hand it in.三、课时作业设计1. 完成自主学习丛书 Module6P202-P204 的相关语法题。2. 高考试题赏析。 1 （2012北京高考）Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel.Ais Bw
30、ere Chas been Dhad been2 （2012浙江高考）Had they known what was coming next，they _ second thoughts.Amay have Bcould have Cmust have had Dmight have had3 （2012陕西高考）If my car _ more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.Awas Bhad been Cshould be Dwould be4 （2012辽宁高考）Jack is a
31、great talker. Its high time that he _ something instead of just talking.Awill do Bhas done Cdo Ddid5 （2012山东高考）If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful.Ahavent made Bwouldnt make Cdidnt make Dhadnt made6 （2012安徽高考）Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she
32、 thinks if she _ there，she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.Alives Bwould live Chas lived Dwere to live7 （2012福建高考）We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday.Avisited Bhad visited Cwould visit Dwould have visited8 （2012湖南高考）Sorry，I am too busy
33、 now. If I _ time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.Ahave had Bhad had Chave Dhad9 （2012天津高考）We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _ us a ride home.Adidnt offer Bwouldnt offer Chasnt offered Dhadnt offered10 （2011课标全国高考）They _ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delaye
34、d.Awill Bcan Cmust Dshould11 （2011北京高考）Where are the children？The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they _ always late.Awerent Bhadnt been Cwouldnt be Dwouldnt have been12 （2011北京高考）Maybe if I _ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.Astudied Bwould study Ch
35、ad studied Dwas studying13 （2011天津高考）I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.Ahad come Bwas coming Cwould come Dwould have come14 （2011福建高考）Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I _ it，but I was busy preparing for a job interview.Aattended Bhad attended Cwould attend Dwo
36、uld have attended15 （2011陕西高考）I_ through that bitter period without your generous help.Acouldnt have gone Bdidnt go Cwouldnt go Dhadnt gone答案：1B as if 条件句用虚拟语气表示与现在的事实相反。句意：不要对待那个花瓶像它是由钢制成似的。2D 句意：如果他们知道接下来会 发生什么，他 们可能就会再三考 虑了。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，主句用“might/could/should/wouldhave done” 。3B 根据 would have dri
37、ven 可知是与过去的事实相反，故 if 条件句用过去完成时。句意：如果我的车子再可靠一点的话，我就会开 车而不是乘飞 机去拉萨了。4D 句意：杰克是个空谈家。到了他做点事而不是夸夸其谈的时候了。it is high time 从句中要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词 多用一般过去时，或是 should动词原形，should 不能省略。故只有 D 项正确。5D 在 if 引导的条件虚拟句中，与过去情况相反的条件句用 had done 的形式，主句谓语为“情态动词 have done”形式。句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议也就不会那么顺利。故选 D 项。6D 句意：格雷斯不想搬到纽约 去，因 为她认
38、为如果她住在那儿的 话，就不能经常见到她的父母了。由句意可知，这 是对将来事情的虚拟。故主句中要用“would动词原形”，条件句中可以用 were to do, 一般过去时态或者 should do。所以只有 D 项符合题意。7D 由句子中的“ 我们在那个小村庄里迷了路”与 otherwise 可想到本题考查对过去事情的虚拟语气；otherwise 等于 if we hadnt lost our way in that small village，因此其主句的谓语应用“would have done”的形式，故答案为 D 项。8D 句意：很抱歉，我现在很忙。要是我有时间，一定会与你去远足的。根
39、据句意可知，此处表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，条件句中的 谓语动词 要用过去式。故 D 项正确。9D 句意：昨天，如果不是哈罗德让我们搭他的车回家，我们就叫辆出租车了。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，条件句的 谓语动词用过去完成 时。10D should have done 意为“本该做某事（但实际上未做）”，符合句意。句意：他们本该在午饭的时候到达，但是他们 的航班延误了。 A 项为将来完成 时；B 项的 can 表推测，不能用于肯定句中；C 项构成 must have done 结构，表示 “一定做过某事”。11A 本题是考查 wish 后接虚 拟语气的用法，而且是 对现 在情况的虚拟，应用
40、一般过去时表示。句意：孩子们到哪儿去了？ 饭菜快凉了。 真希望他们不要总这么晚。12C 由“if I .then”可知，从句是对过去事情的虚拟， 应用过去完成时。句意：或许当时如果我学自然科学而不学文学的话，我就会 给你更多的帮助。故选 C 项。13D 由空后的 but I didnt know that they were waiting for me 可知“ 我”并没有早点来，因此第一句是一个虚拟语气的句子。因 为讲述的过去的事情，所以句子应借助于“wouldhave 过去分词” 的形式。本句可以改为以下形式： I would have come sooner if I had known
41、 that they were waiting for me.句意：我本来能够早点来，但是我不知道他们在等着我。故选 D 项。14D 由 but 后的 I was busy preparing for a job interview 可知说话者并没有去听演讲，因此此处应是一个表示过去情况的虚拟语气。 对过去的事情 进行虚拟时，主句 应用“wouldhave 过去分词” 。本句可以改为 I would have attended it if I hadnt been busy preparing for a job interview.句意：你错过了关于核污 染的演讲真是遗憾。 我本想去参加的，
42、但是我正忙着准备工作面 试。故 选 D 项。15A 句意：如果没有你们慷慨相助，我不可能度过那段艰 辛的岁月。表达与过去事实相反的虚拟时，主句用“would/could/should/mighthave done” ，故 选 A 项。四、课时评价设计1. 自我评价：说说学习过程中自己特别感兴趣并有帮助的三项活动，说出这些活动在哪些方面对自己有帮助Activity What kind of helplead-in 海伦凯勒的假如给我三天光明(three days to see)激发了学生兴趣的同时也起到良好的励志效果，渗透了对学生进行恰当的德育教育Observation & Conclusion
43、提高学生的观察和总结归纳的能力Game& Story 通过做游戏和看图讲故事让学生感受该语法的实用性。2. 小组互评：姓名发言的次数（多于平均3，一般 2，少于平均 1）和同学的合作意愿（好3，一般 2，不太愿意1）对同伴的启发和帮助（较大3，一般 2，几乎没有 1）为小组活动准备的资料（较多3，一般 2 ，很少 1）总分张茂梅 3 2 2 3 10郭依龙 2 3 2 3 10王帮茹 3 3 3 3 12赵孝兰 1 2 2 2 7五、教 后 记本课的教学过程，由海伦凯勒的假如给我三天光明导入，引出这节课的主要内容虚拟语气。这不仅激发了学生兴趣，同时也起到良好的励志效果。接着让学生观察句子，总结
44、语法。在练习中，通过游戏，让学生以小组为单位领取讨论话题，运用目标语法合作完成，接着趁热打铁，用虚拟语气看图写作。这节课通过讲练结合，总体感觉课堂进程比较自然、顺利，内容充实，条理清晰，使得学生处在主动参与和积极配合的状态中，达到了预期设想。较好的方面：1、 假如给我三天光明激发了学生兴趣的同时，也起到良好的励志效果，学习中或人生中遇到问题、挫折时，鼓励学生要对自己说 I try（我要试试） ，而不是 I cant（我不行） 。2、教学中各环节衔接紧密，讲练结合，内容充实，过程顺畅，有条理性,对这节课学生要掌握知识的小结很到位不足的方面：1.学生用虚拟语气看图写作时间过短，不能写出高质量的文章，只是简单的运用了虚拟语气的句型。2.课上未能展示高考真题，只能留作课下作业。
