1、EST Translation-1-article / numeralv Chapter 1 v 教学要求：通过对科技英语语法的简单回顾与温习，要求学生进一步了解科技英语语法的特点，理解其在实践中的用法，然后逐步掌握翻译技巧。首先掌握的是单句翻译。v 重点：数词 介词 动词非谓语形式 从句 句子成分的强调v 难点：数词 介词 动词非谓语形式 句子成分的分隔v 教学内容：词类、插入句、否定、时态、语态、形容词和副词比较等级、动词非谓语形式、从句、虚拟语气、句子成分的强调、倒装、省略和分隔。v 教学方法：从语法入手进行讲解，然后通过做大量练习及测验巩固知识。Section 1 Vocabulary
2、v I. Articlev 1.The general rulesv 如果在电路的两端加上电压的话，在电路中就会有电流流动。If a voltage is applied across a circuit, a current will flow/result in the circuit.钨就是用在电灯里的金属。v Tungsten is the very metal used in electric lamps (an electric lamp).v 2. Specific rulesv （ 1） Special positionsv 该发生器产生一个太大的信号以致于这个晶体管无法处理。
3、 （ SVO pattern ）v The generator produces so large a signal that the transistor can not handle it. (too large a signal for the transistor to handle)v (2) Specific uses of indefinite articlesv 作比较（分析，研究） : v make a comparison (an analysis, a study)v 本文对其性能作了初步的分析。v An initial analysis of the performan
4、ce has been made in this paper.v The paper has made an initial analysis of the performance.v 为此，对计算机必须有良好的了解。v To this end /For this purpose, a good understanding of computer science is necessary.v (It is necessary to have a good )v 理解二进制数系的关键是要熟悉 2 的各次幂。 v Basic to understanding the binary number s
5、ystem is a familiarity with the power of 2. v 门电压的增加引起输出电压的降低。vAn increase of the gate voltage results in (brings about, leads to, gives rise to) a decrease in the output voltage.v 略微计算一下，将会使你相信这的确是真的。vA short calculation will convince you that this is indeed truevII. Numeralv1.The representation of
6、 a fractionv 流过该电路的电流为零点零几安培。vThe current flowing through the circuit is a few hundredths of an ampere.v这两个参数之差为百万分之十九。vThe difference between the two parameters is 19 parts in a million / per million / in 106.v 2. as pre-modifiersv 该电阻上的电压为总电压的 2/5。v The voltage across the resistor is two fifths (o
7、f) the total voltage.v3. representation of the increase in the number of timesv 这个参数比那个大三倍。vThis parameter is four times as great as / greater than that one.vPracticevI. C-E translationv 1.输入信号太大会引起 非线性失真 (nonlinear distortion)。v 2.利用 斜率 (slope)的定义，我们能 导出(derive)表示直线的方程。v 3.f(x+h)-f(x)这一 表达式(express
8、ion)经常用于 微积分 (calculus)的 学习。v 4.能写成以下形式的方程称为含有一个 未知数 (unknown)的 线性方程 (linear equation)。 v5.在计算机中，趋势是以尽可能高的 时钟速率 (clock rate)工作。v6.该 电容器 (capacitor)上的 电压 (voltage)为零点零几伏(volt)。v7.十年前该厂的 产量 (output)仅为现在的五分之一。v8.这两个数值 之差 (difference)为万分之十三。v 9.锡 (tin)的 熔点 (melting point)没有 铅 (lead)高。 (要求使用 “have as as”
9、句型 )v 10.这个 平均速度 (average velocity)是 末速度 (final velocity)的一半。v 11.必须 弄清 (find)解 (solve)这个方程 (equation)需要多长的时间。v 12.这根 导线 (wire)比那根 粗(thick)3倍。v 13.电 (electricity)可以容易地被转变成其它形式的能量。v 14.1831年美国人 约瑟夫 亨利(Joseph Henry)发现了 电磁感应 (electromagnetic induction)现象。v 15.接收机 (receiver)是由几个单元组成的。vII. 改正下列句中的错误v 1.
10、The new designed instrument is in good quality.v 2. This engine needs (requires, wants) being cleaned.v 3. This running machine will stop of itself in one minute or two.v 4. In this case, the input does not fall; the output does not fall, too.v5. The resistance of a conductor not only depends on the
11、 material with which the conductor is made, but also on the size and temperature of the conductor.v 6. Another comsat has been launched in the morning of the 8th of October.v 参考译文vI. C-E translationv 1.输入信号太大会引起 非线性失真 (nonlinear distortion)。v1. Nonlinear distortion can be caused by too large an inpu
12、t signal.v 2.利用 斜率 (slope)的定义，我们能 导出(derive)表示直线的方程。v2. (By)Using the definition of slope, we can derive the equation which represents a straight line.v 3.f(x+h)-f(x)这一 表达式 (expression)经常用于 微积分 (calculus)的 学习。v3. The expression f(x+h)-f(x) is frequently used in the study of calculus.v 4.能写成以下形式的方程称为
13、含有一个 未知数(unknown)的 线性方程 (linear equation)。v4. An equation which can be written in the following form is known as a linear equation with one unknown.v5.在计算机中，趋势是以尽可能高的 时钟速率 (clock rate)工作。v5. In a computer, the tendency is to operate at as high a clock rate as possible.v6.该电容器 (capacitor)上的 电压(voltag
14、e)为零点零几伏 (volt)。v6. The voltage across this capacitor is a few hundredths of a volt.v 7.十年前该厂的 产量 (output)仅为现在的五分之一。v 7. The output of the factory 10 years ago was only one fifth what it is now 或 : . only one fifth its present output.v 8.这两个数值 之差 (difference)为万分之十三。v 8. The difference between these
15、two values is 13 parts in ten thousand / in 104.v9.锡 (tin)的 熔点 (melting point)没有 铅 (lead)高。 (要求使用 “have as as”句型 )v9. Tin does not have as high a melting point as lead (does).v10.这个 平均速度 (average velocity)是 末速度 (final velocity)的一半。v10. This average velocity is half the final velocity.v 11.必须 弄清 (fin
16、d)解 (solve)这个方程 (equation)需要多长时间。 v11. It is necessary to find how long a time it takes 或 : is required; is needed; is necessary to solve this equation.v12.这根 导线 (wire)比那根 粗(thick)3倍。v12. This wire is four times thicker than that one.v 13.电 (electricity)可以容易地被转变成其它形式的能量。v13. Electricity can be easily converted into other forms of energy.v 14.1831年美国人 约瑟夫 亨利 (Joseph Henry)发现了 电磁感应(electromagnetic induction)现象。v14. In 1831, Joseph Henry, an American, discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.v15.接收机 (receiver)是由几个单元组成的。v15. A receiver consists of several units 或： parts.
