1、第六章 词类的转换,名词的转译 介词的转译 动词的转译 形容词转译 副词的转译,词类的转换,Interest in historical methods has arisen，less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. 人们之所以关注历史研究的方法，主要是因为史学家们内部分歧过大，其次才是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学科。,词类的转换,With
2、 the click of a mouse，information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the dizzying speed of seven and a half times around the earth per second. 只要一点鼠标，来自世界另一端的信息便会以每秒绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。,词类的转换,It was officially announced that Paris is invited to the meeti
3、ng. 官方宣布，巴黎应邀出席会议。 The different production cost is closely associated with the sources of power.生产成本的差异与能源密切相关。,词类的转换,By dialing the right number，you may be able to select a play，golf lesson or lecture in physics，from a pretaped library in a remote city，for showing on your home screen. 只要拨对了号码，你就可以
4、在家里电视机上选看到由远方城市一座图书馆发出的预先录制的一出戏，一堂打高尔夫球的讲课，或者一次物理学讲演。,一 名词的转译,1 名词转译成动词 A.含有动作意味的名词 Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources.越南战争不断地消耗着美国的能源。 The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。,词类的转换,B 由动词派生的名词 Im so grateful to my father for his c
5、ontinuous encouragement during my childhood. 我非常感激父亲，因为在我小时候他总是不断地鼓励我。,词类的转换,He reportedly helped in the discovery of a cache of 87 kilo of heroin in a shoe factory in Florence. A week after the discovery, though, the judge was shot. 据说他曾经在佛罗伦萨帮助发现了一个鞋厂中的地窖，地窖里窝藏着87公斤的海洛因。不过，发现这个地窖一周以后，这位法官便被枪杀了。,C
6、英语中有些加后缀-er的名词This pupil is a good writer.这个小学生文章写得不错。 For professionals such as doctors, the computer may have more implications than we can ever imagine. It is a far more careful and industrious inspector than human beings. 对医生这样的专业人员来说，计算机可能具有比我们想象的更多的含义。计算机能比人检查得更细心，更勤快。,2.名词转译成形容词,A 不定冠词+名词 As
7、he is a perfect stranger in the city, I hope you will give him the necessary help. 他对这个城市完全陌生，所以我希望你能给他必要的帮助。,B 形容词派生的名词,I recognized the absurdity of dealing with them through intermediaries. 我认识到，通过中间人根他们打交道是愚蠢的。,Only if one begins with this assumption it is possible to pierce through the invisibi
8、lity of 40,000,000 to 50,000,000 human beings and to see the other America. 只有从这一立论出发，才可能看到那不被人所看到的4000万到5000万活生生的人，看到另一个美国。,词类的转换,He had arrived home looking so pale, heavy-eyed and shaky that his mother doubted the wisdom of the concentrated mental effort.他回到家里时面色苍白，眼神呆倦，似乎连站都站不稳，他母亲见了他这副模样，对让他从事这
9、种高度紧张的脑力劳动是否明智深表怀疑。,3.名词转译成副词,When he catches a glimpse of a potential opponent, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor.只要一发现有可能反对他的人，他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这人争取过来。,二 介词的转译,The woman, with her two daughters, arrived. 这妇女带着她的两个女儿到了。介词动词 Millions of the people in the mountainous areas are finall
10、y off poverty. 千百万山区人终于摆脱了贫困。,He came to my home for help. 他来到我家，请求帮助。 “Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn，up the path，up the steps，across the veranda，and into the porch. “来了!”她转身蹦着跳着地跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门廊。,三 动词的转译,He roared, which threatened his enemies away.他的大吼吓走了他的敌人。 He objected that
11、 the plan is not practical. 他反对的理由是：这个计划不现实。,动词的转译,The net and electronic commerce will foster a large number of free fanciers，and this will affect social structure in a big way. 网络和电子商业将会造就一大批自由职业者，从而将对社会结构产生深远的影响。,四 形容词的转译,She spoke in a high voice。 她讲话的声音很尖。 This engine develops a high torque。 这台
12、发电机产生的转矩很大。,A 形容词转译成动词,It was a very informative meeting.会上透露了许多信息。 If we were ignorant of the structure of the atom, it would be impossible for us to study nuclear physics. 如果我们不知道原子的结构，我们就不能研究核子物理学。 You are ignorant of the duties you undertake in marrying. 你完全不懂你在婚姻方面应承担的责任。,形容词的转译,The following p
13、lan may become available during the next decade. 下列计划在10年间可能实现。 Such criticisms have become familiar in his 1ater commentaries on America. 类似的批评在他后来写的评论美国的文章中屡见不鲜。,形容词的转译,He is truly sorry for his past， and he has undertaken to give up motor-cars entirely and for ever。 他对过去追悔莫及，并保证永远不开汽车。 Salt and S
14、ugar are both solub1e in water。 盐和糖都溶于水。,B 形容词转译成名词,Official Moscow is going to object the proposal. 莫斯科官方准备反对此项提议。 After a few months， our just-in-time system became so efficient. 几个月后，我们的“准时供货”办法变得很有成效。,C 形容词转译成副词,He asked me for a full account of myself and fami1y 他详尽地问起我自己和我家里的情况。 Another war wi
15、ll be the absolute end of our country。 再来一次战争我们空虚国家就会彻底毁灭了。,The wide application of electronic machines in scientific work，in designing and in economic calculations will free man from the labor of complicated computations.在科学研究、设计和经济计算方面广泛地应用电子计算机可以使人们从繁重的计算劳动中解放出来。,五 副词的转译,A 副词转换成形容词 When tables an
16、d other materials are included，they should be conveniently placed，so that a student can consult them without turning over too many pages.当书中列有表格或其他参考资料时，应当将这些内容编排在适当的位置，以便使学生在查阅时，不必翻太多的书页。,副词的转译,When tables and other materials are included，they should be conveniently placed，so that a student can con
17、sult them without turning over too many pages.当书中列有表格或其他参考资料时，应当将这些内容编排在适当的位置，以便使学生在查阅时，不必翻太多的书页。,B 副词转译成动词,That day he was up before sunrise. 那天他在日出以前就起来了。 She opened the window to let fresh air in. 她把窗子打开，让新鲜空气进来。,C 副词转换成名词,The new type of machine is shown schematically in Figure1.图一所示是这种新型机器的简图。 Internally the earth consists of two parts，a core and a mantle. 地球的内部由两部分组成:地核和地幔。,
