1、语法专项复习 名词性从句 名词性从句的概念及分类名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。因此根据它在句中不同的句法功能，名词性从句又分主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：从属连词： （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what、whatever、who 、whoever、 whom 、whomever 、 whose 、which、 whichever连接副词： 等不可省略的连词：1.介词后的连词 2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词名词性从句的重难点一 、名词性从句的语序 （ 语序）二 、名词性从
2、句引导词间的区别1、whether 与 if 的区别whether 与 if 均为“是否”的意思。但在以下情况下，whether 不能被 if 取代：whether 引导表语从句和同位语从句时 在主语从句中，若用 it 做形式主语，if / whether 均可；否则，只用 whetherEg.Whether we will attend the meeting hasnt been decidedIt hasnt been decided whether / if we will attend the meeting.引导介词后的宾语从句时 后面跟 or not 时 后面直接跟动词不定式时I
3、t all depends on they will support us.He doesnt know to stay or not.Whether 与 if 均可使用的情况 引导宾语从句 在 be+adj.之后 He was not sure whether/if it is right or not.2、what 与 that 的区别that 引导名词性从句，不在从句中充当任何成分，只起连接作用；what 是连接代词，在从句中充当成分作主语、宾语或表语。除表明具体的内容外，还表的时间、地点、人、速度等。 made the school proud was more than 90%of
4、the students had been admitted to key universities.A. What; because B. What. that C. That; what D. That; because-I think its going to be a big problem.-Yes, it could be.-I wonder we can do about it.A. if B. how C. what D. thatA modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.After seeme
5、d a long time, he managed to work out this problem.介词后的宾语从句常用 what 引导，不用 that 引导。但在介词 besides,except,in 后可用 that 引导宾语从句。由 it 做形式宾语时，that 引导的宾语从句中，that 不可省略。Criticism and self- Criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes.He noticed that the straight part of the dance was differ
6、ent in the afternoon from it had been in the morning.The suit fitted him well the color was a little brighter.A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besideswhat/ whatever-the + n. +that/ which (what/ whatever 可作前置定语)Please give me what books you have.You can write about whatever topic you pr
7、efer.3、wh-ever 与 no matter+ 疑问词的区别wh-ever 既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句；而 no matter+ 疑问词只可引导让步状语从句。Whatever I said, he wouldnt listen to me.= No matter what I said, he wouldnt listen to me. 从句He would believe whatever I said. 从句三、宾语从句的注意点否定前移 think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, imagine etc.若主语的谓语动词是 make,
8、 find, see 等，则把宾语从句置于宾补后，用 it 做形式主语.The teacher made it a rule that we should get up early.See to it that children dont catch cold.that 在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略。在宾语从句和 it 做形式主语的主语从句中可省略；但当有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的 that不可省略。She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.固定
9、用法：like it; dislike it; have it; appreciate it 一般与 if 或 when 引导的从句连用。I like it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.四、that 引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别that 引导同位语从句时， that 是连词，应在某些抽象名词之后，如：fact,hope,desire,thought 等，对前面的名词起补充说明作用，它在从句中不充当任何成分，不能省略，；that 引导定语从句时， that 是关系代词，在从句中充当主、宾和表语。The news that
10、 they had won the game arrived soon . 从句The news that you told me yesterday is true. 从句巩固练习：1. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. The person B. Anyone C. Who D. Whoever2. The mere fact most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.A. what B.
11、which C. that D. why3. is no possibility well see you this weekend.A. It; that B. There; that C. It; when D. There; when4. What a pity is you didnt come o the party.A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for5. His ability has never been in doubt-the question is he is prepares to work har
12、d.A. that B. if C. where D. whether6. How close parents are to heir children a great effect on the character off the children.A. have B. has C. having D. to have7. You cant imagine when they received these nice Christmas presents.A .how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were
13、they D. they were how excited8. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is agree.A. why B. where C. what D. how9. It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for10.An idea occurred to her she might work out the maths problem in another way.A. who B. why C.
14、 that D. what11. An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385yards, approximately from Marathon to Athens.A. distance B. is the distance C. the distance D. the distance is12. When do you think visit her uncle?A. she was going to B. she will go to C. will she go to D. shell go13.-I believe youve tried you
15、r best and you can come to the top of the class.-Thank you.A. that./ B. /; / C. what; that D. /; that14. This painting is splendid, but we actually need it is a different matter.A. that B. what C. whether D. how15. Father made a promise I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.A. that B. i
16、f C. whether D. that if16. Word came the students would put off the outing until next week, when they wouldnt be busy.A. that B. when C. which D. whether17. He always thinks of he can do more for the people.A. what B. how C. if D. whatever.18.The hurricane destroyed was in the village.A. all B. what
17、 C. that D. all that19. was known to them all that Bob had broken his promise he would give them a rise.A. As; which B. What; that C. It; that D. It. Which20. The reason he was late for school was he had to send his mother to hospital.A. that; why B. why; because C. why; that D. that ; because21. Wa
18、ng Feng looked after the old man a whole year moved us all.A. That B. What C. When D. Why22. Is this hotel you said we were to stay in your letter?A. where B. which C. in what D. in which23.The other day my brother drove his own car down the street at I thought was a dangerous speed.A. as B. which C
19、. what D. that24. she couldnt understand was fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that25 team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter what B. No matter which C. whatever D. Whichever26 I have n
20、ot found my book yet; in fact, I am not sure I could have done with.A. whether B. where C. what D. when27. You may depend on that all the goods will be shipped abroad in time.A. which B. it C. whom D. these28 .I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter that Im talking to .A.
21、 who it is B. who is it C. it is who D. it is whom29. They thought my suggestion reasonable more attention to our spoken English.A. that we paid B. we should pay C. we would pay D. that we pay30 They want to make it clear to the public they do an important job.A. when B. where C. that D. which31. th
22、e flight to New York will be delayed is Im especially worried about.A. If; what B. Whether; that C. When; that D. Whether; what32 We decided, in view of his special circumstances, we would admit him for a short period.A./ B. that C. whether D. what33.Scientists believe native Americans arrived by cr
23、ossing the land bridge that connected Siberia and more than 10,000years ago.A. this is Alaska B. Alaska is now C. is now Alaska D. what is now Alaska34.A mans worth lies no so much in he has as in he is.A. that; what B. what; what C. that. That D. what that35-Tell me something about your adventures
24、in the forest, please.-We lost our way in the forest and matters worse was night began to fall.A. what; that B. it; that C. it. because D. what; because36 she was sick, I was expected to take her place greatly surprised me, for I didnt have much work experience.A. That if B. That C. If that D. If37.
25、If you feel tired and sick of fat food, that is you have to go to the hospital for a medical examination.A. why B. when C. whether D. what38.A healthy heart is very important for giving life to the full, at age you are or whether you are a male or female.A. what B. which C. whatever D. whichever39.
26、They are just college graduates and dont realize to start and run a company.A. what takes it B. what they take C. what takes them D. what it takes40-Would you like to have a swim with us in the sea?-I will ask my parents A. whether they will agree to do B. if they let me go C. if they will let me go D. whether they allow me to
