1、在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词或名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,名词性从句,His job is important.,What he does is important.,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,I dont like his job.,I dont like what he does ever
2、y day.,I dont know about the man, Mr. White.,I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.,At lunch time, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. What surprised me most was that the
3、old man couldnt see anything. The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity.,Find clauses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them.,Appositive Clause (同位语从句),Subject Clause (主语从句),Object Clause (宾语从句),Predicative Clause (表语从句),At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reporte
4、d that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. She wondered if the buses would still be running. Sorry, Miss, replied the man, the truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.,宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分(可以作谓语动词、 介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语),They know that the habit will kill them.It all depend
5、s on whether they will support us.He asked how much I paid for the violin.He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job. I find it necessary that we should do the homework.,that (that常可省略) , whether, if; who, what, which, whoever, whatever; when where why how,宾语从句,连词,当whe
6、ther后紧跟or/or not时,不用if. I dont know whether I will stay or not.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.,注意,1. whether和if都可以引导宾语从句,在主+谓+it (形式宾语) +宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略 We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 由连词and连接的两个由that引导 的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略。 He told me (that) he would
7、come and that he would come on time.,2. that在宾语从句中的省略与保留,分析下列宾语从句中的连词,I dont doubt (that) you will succeed. I dont know whether/if he will come tonight. I doubt if /whether you will keep your promise.,3个句子中的连词that, whether, if (是否)在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分,被称为连接词。 注意: A. that 本身无意义，在宾语从句中可以省略，但在别的三种名词性
8、从句中不可以省略。B. whether 和if有是否的意义，在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。但whether 可以用于所有的四种名词性从句,而if 仅可以用于宾语从句。,引导名词性从句的关联词,连接词,其它连接代词和副词的使用,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义，正确的选择 who, which, when, where, why, how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,一、名词性从句的语序,(1) 名词性从句构成有两种,a. That + 陈述句,That light travels in straight lines is known to all
9、.,This is what we are looking for.,名词性从句考点归纳,b. 疑问词+句子的剩余成分,Could you tell me where he lives? ( ) Could you tell me where does he live? ( ),(2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。,How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( ) How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( ),你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？,F,T,T,F,他是怎么成功的仍然是
10、个谜。,a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的。 He believes _ .b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么。 Please tell me _ .,his dream will come true some day,at this time yesterday,宾语从句的时态呼应,1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态。,what you were doing,他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。 He told me _. 他说他已离开家乡十年了。 He told me _. 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。 The teacher told us _.,he
11、was preparing for the examination,he had been away from his hometown for ten years,light travels in a straight line,2. 如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时,从句谓语通常用一般现在时。,The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that time. He looked as if he w
12、as going to cry. Thats why I was late. 表语从句:在句中充当表语成分，一般放在系动词之后。 作用:对主语进行解释说明。,连接词,when / where / why / how / because,that / whether / as if / as though (if不引导表语从句),连接代词,who / whom / whose / which / what,连接副词,_ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder
13、_ you will go shopping or stay at home.A. that B. if C. whether D. what,主语从句,宾语从句,3. This is _ he was often late for school.A. what B. that C. why D. whether 4. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move,表语从句,同位语从句,The reason _ we did
14、nt trust him was _ he often lied 2. The reason _ he gave for his absence was _ he was ill.,reason后面的表语从句只能用that引导, 不能用why引导, 但reason后面的定语从句可以用why或者that 引导。,在名词性从句中，我们还需特别注意以下问题：,why,that,that,that,高考链接,By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of _ you read. (2007上海春)A. th
15、at B. what C. which D. whether 2. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are. (2007浙江)A. where B. what C. when D. why,3. You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future. (2007安徽)A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D
16、. /; that 4. It is none of your business _ other people think about you. Believe yourself. (2007福建)A. how B. what C. which D. when,They expressed the hope _ they would come over to China.A. which B. that C. whom D. when 2. The fact _ he didnt see Tom yesterday is true.A. that B. which C. when D. wha
17、t 3. I have no idea _ he will come back.A. where B. when C. what D. if,Choose the best answer,4. One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A. what that B. that whichC. that what D. which that 5. Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A. what
18、B. whether C. that D. which,6. The question is _ the film is worth seeing.A. if B. what C. whether D. how 7. They received orders _ the work be done at once.A. which B. when C. / D. that 8. The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.A. why; why B. why; because C. why; that D. that; becau
19、se,9. _ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind.A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because 10. _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if,11. It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm.A. which B. where C
20、. what D. that 12. I have the information _.A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soonC. of that hell come soon D. his coming soon,13. - I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.- _ it made me nearly mad.A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break 14. It remains a
21、 question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A. how B. that C. when D. what,15. - Can I help you?- Yes, do you know _?A. when comes the bus B. when will come the busC. when does the bus come D. when the bus comes 16. He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.A.
22、 that B. if C. what D. that if,17. They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall.A. what; that B. it; thatC. what; when D. which; what,18. It now appears _ they are in need of help.A. that B. which C. what D. how 19. It is good news _ they will arrive in a few
23、days.A. which B. what C. that D. how 20. It _ Joe drives badly.A. thought that B. thinks thatC. was thought that D. is thought that,21. You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do.A. which B. what C. that D. where 22. This is _ she was born.A. where B. which C. that D. what 23. The question is _ w
24、e cant go there today.A. that B. what C. which D. when,24. The question is _ it is worth doing.A. if B. whether C. which D. what 25. The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A. because B. why C. that D. what 26. My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice
25、 fields.A. what B. that C. which D. where,27. His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain.A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built 28. My advice is that he _ regular house.A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept 29. _ knows the truth will tell you about it.A. Who that B. Who
26、ever C. Whom that D. That who,30. We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun.A. that B. which C. what D. whether 31. We heard the news _ our team had won.A. which B. that C. what D. where 32. The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.A. which B. that C. whether D. if,Tran
27、slation,重要的是你做什么，而不是说什么。2. 他出生在何时何地还不知道。,The important thing is what you do, not what you say.,When and where he was born has not been found.,3. 那个人何时被谋杀，为什么被谋杀尚不知道。4. 问题是他对那个小男孩做了些什么。5. 我们相信他已经挣了足够的钱来盖所房子。,When and why the person was murdered is still unknown.,The problem is what he has done to the little boy.,We believed that he had earned enough money to build a house.,Thank you!,
