1、- 1 -高三名词性从句复习1.When and where he was born remains a secret. （主语从句）2.What people are worried about is whether we will be able to build a better future.（主语从句+表语从句）3.You dont know how worried she was!（宾语从句）4.You have no idea how worried she was!（同位语从句）顾名思义，名词性从句就是在连接词的引导下，充当整句的主干成分的从句。其作用和功能相当于名词。根据在句
2、中充当的成分不同，可将名词性从句分为 subject clause 主语从句、object clause 宾语从句、predictive clause 表语从句和 appositive clause 同位语从句四大类。1、名词性从句的关联词复合句的解题关键在于连接词，所以连接词的功能作用要十分清楚。分类 对应的句子类型作用连接词That, whether, ifThat 对应陈述句；Whether, if 对应一般疑问句the Earth goes round the sun is known to us all.=It is known to us all the earth goes ro
3、und the sun.-hes coming or not doesnt matter too much.=It doesnt matter too much hes coming or not .I dont know he will come tomorrow结论：that 在名词性从句中 ；Whether, if Whether,if 的区别连接代词Which，WhatWhose WhoWhomWhoeverWhateverWhichever对应一般疑问句Which,what 在从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语 ；翻译：1、请告诉我我应该选哪一个！Please tell me which
4、 one I should choose.2、直到你尝试了才会知道你能做什么！You never know what you can do untill you try.注意：what 在名词性从句中可以指代人。翻译：Jack 已经不是以前的他了。Jack is no longer what he used to be!Whose 在从句中作某名词的定语，一起充当从句的主语、宾语或表语；翻译：这是谁的钱依然不得而知。Whose money it is is still unknown.Who 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；Whom 在从句中作宾语。whichever 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；
5、表示“中的任何一个”（有限定的选择范围）翻译：你们当中无论哪一个打破窗户的都必须赔偿。 （2013 年江西卷）Whichever one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.- 2 -这里有很多参考书，你可以选择任何你喜欢的。There are many reference books here, you can choose whichever you like Whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语 ；表示“任何 人” ，相当于 anyone who.翻译：任何赢得了大选的人都将面临恢复经济的重任。Whoever wins
6、the election will be faced with a tough job getting the economy back on its feet.whatever 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；表示“任何事物/东西”相当于 anything that.翻译：那个新来的前两天去了图书馆，寻找任何他能找到的和马克吐温的有关的东西。(2012辽宁卷T34)The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for whatever he could find about Mark Twain.连接副词HowWhenWh
7、ereWhy对应特殊疑问句在从句中作状语，且在句中都有相应的含义。Nobody gets to live life backward. Look ahead-thats where your future lies.Scientists study how human brains work to make computers.(2012四川卷T17)解题策略Step I Step II Step III 分清主句和从句分析从句成分是否完整从句缺成分（需要连接代词补全）从句成分完整（根据句意和语气选择）陈述语气：that“是否”：whether/if特殊疑问语气：为何 why 何时 when
8、何地 where 如何（何种方式）how语法填空1. It doesnt matter_you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park. 2. Scientists study_human brains work to make computers. 3. We promise_attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. 4. The shocking news made me realize_terrible pr
9、oblems we would face. 5. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of_others actually understand. 6. I made a promise to myself_this year, my first year in high school, would be different. 7. There is clear evidence_the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bod
10、ily pain. 2、宾语从句注意事项注意事项 说明 例句/翻译时态呼应 主句过去时，从句过去时 他回答说他在听我（说话）。He answered that he was listening to me.- 3 -主句过去时，从句有具体时间-一般 过去 时。Lily told us she was born on May 5, 1988.主句过去时，从句叙述客观真理等- 一般 现在时。父亲告诉我熟能生巧。Father told me that practice makes perfect.这个故事说明有志者事竟成。The story suggested that where there is
11、 a will there is a way.主句现在或将来时，从句据实情可用所需时态。He says he will be back in an hour.He says he is working hard.形容词后的宾语从句常见的这类形容词有：afraid, glad, sure, sorry, happy, surprised, certain, disappointed, satisfied.He is afraid that Jim will not come tomorrow.Im sure that we will achieve high grades in the comi
12、ng exams.思考：这类形容词有何共同特征？形容人的情感和态度。It 做形式宾语如果宾语从句后面还有宾语补足语，则需要用 IT 作形式宾语，同时将宾语从句后置。我们觉得你没帮她是不对的。We think it wrong that you didnt helped her.你或许感到奇怪他愿意住在那儿。You may think it strange that he would live there.that 的省略1、引导宾语从句的 that 在口语中可以省略；2、多个 that 引导的宾语从句并列出现时，第一个宾语从句的 that 可以省略，其余宾从的 that 不可以省略。The n
13、ote he left on the desk shows (that) he wouldnt like to talk to his father, and that he will stay with his friends , and that he will not come back until tomorrow.否定转移在 think, believe, suppose, expect 等 动词后的 宾语从句中，从句谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，只将 think 等动词变为否定式。我认为你不对/你错了。I dont think you are right.我认为他还没完成他的
14、工作。I dont believe hes finished his work yet.3、名词性从句 OR 定语从句1. Small Quiz As is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. （_从句）What is often the case is that we have worked out the production plan.（_从句）It is often the case that we have worked out the production plan.（_从句） It is certain
15、that “the curse of the mummy “remains a riddle to this day.（_从句）What is certain is that “the curse of the mummy “remains a riddle to this day.（_从句） Galileo collected facts that/which proved the Earth moves round the sun.（_从句）Galileo collected facts that the Earth moves round the sun.（_从句） The sugges
16、tion that he put forward at the meeting is good. （_从句）The suggestion that we clean the room by turns is good.（_从句）2. Conclusion:- 4 -相似点 不同点同位语从句V.S定语从句主句结构完整，不缺成分。都可以用 THAT引导从句，作用：同位语从句的作用是阐明主句中某个名词的具体内容。这类名词多为抽象名词。如：news, fact, idea, suggestion 等等。定语从句是用来限定主句中某个名词的范围或补充一些说明。几乎所有名次都可以带定语从句。That 的用法
17、：(区分这两种从句的关键)That 在所有的名词性从句中只起引导词作用，不充当任何成分，而且一般不可以省略。That 在定语从句中不仅起引导词作用，而且充当主语、宾语、表语成分，在定语从句中做宾语时，可以省略。高考真题检测 练习一 一（2014 北京卷）30. The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal.A. where B. when C. how D. why【举一反三】I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he ne
18、ver finishes anything.A. that B. when C. where D. why二（2014 北京卷）33.Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whatever B. whenever. C. whereever D. however【举一反三】She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.A. wh
19、ichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever三（2014 大纲卷）24. Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. A. whether B. why C. when D. how 【举一反三】It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.Awhether Bwhere Cwhich Dthat四（2014 福建卷）34. Pick
20、 yourself up. Courage is doing youre afraid to do.A. that B. what C. how D. whether【举一反三】He thought mattered most in improving your spoken English was enough confidence and practice.AWhy BWhat CWhich DThat五（2014 湖南卷）24. As John Lennon once said，life is_ happens to you while you are busy making other
21、 plans.A. which B. that C. what D. where- 5 -【举一反三】_ is known to us all is that the 2010 Asian Games will take place in Guangzhou.A. It B. What C. As D. Which六（2014 江苏卷）26. What a mess! You are always so lazy!Im not to blame, mum. I am _you have made me.A. how B. what C. that D. who【举一反三】Why not try
22、 your luck downtown, Bob? Thats the best jobs are.、A.where B.what C.when D.why七（2014 山东卷）7. It is difficult for us to imagine_ life was like for slaves in the ancient world. A. where B. what C. which D. why 【举一反三】The shocking news mad me realize _ terrible problems we would face.A. what B. how C. th
23、at D. why八（2014 四川卷）2. Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “Thats _ I was born.“A. when B. how C. why D. where【举一反三】I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats_I dont agree. You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.what九（2014 天津卷）14. I think _ i
24、mpresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.A. what B. that C. which D. who【举一反三】 is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A.It B.What C.As D.Which十（2014 浙江卷 ）8. “Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _ my mother used to tell me.A. what B
25、. how C. that D. whether【举一反三】People have heard what the president has said; they are waiting to see _ he will do. A. how B. what C. when D. that十一（2014 重庆卷 ）12.Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?Yeah, but I have no idea _ he did it; thats one of his favorite univer
26、sities.- 6 -A. when B. Why C. that D. how练习二1.(04江苏卷改T33)_ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.(定从)A. It B. When C. What D. As2.(04江苏卷例题)It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.(宾从)A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever3.(2005江苏卷T32)The place
27、 _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.(定从+表从)A. which; where B. at which; whichC. at which; where D. which; in which4.(06江苏卷T35)We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad.(定从)A. If B. where C. Whether D. that5. (2007江
28、苏卷T25)Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for.AWhat Bwhy Chow Dwhether（2011江苏卷 T26）It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.(主从)A. That B. How C. When D. why6. (2012江苏卷T27)The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.(同
29、从 )A.when B.that C.whether D.how7.(04江苏卷改T33)_ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.(定从)A. It B. When C. What D. As8.(04江苏卷例题)It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.(宾从)A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever9.(2005江苏卷T32)The place _ the bridg
30、e is supposed to be built should be_the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.(定从+表从)A. which; where B. at which; whichC. at which; where D. which; in which10.(06江苏卷T35)We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad.(定从)A. If B. where C. Whether D. that11. (2007江苏卷T25)Choo
31、sing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for.AWhat Bwhy Chow Dwhether（2011江苏卷 T26）It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.(主从)A. That B. How C. When D. why12. (2012江苏卷T27)The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.(同从 )A.when
32、 B.that C.whether D.how13.(04江苏卷改T33)_ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.(定从)A. It B. When C. What D. As14.(04江苏卷例题)It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.(宾从)A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever- 7 -15.(2005江苏卷T32)The place _ the bridge
33、 is supposed to be built should be_the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.(定从+表从)A. which; where B. at which; whichC. at which; where D. which; in which16.(06江苏卷T35)We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad.(定从)A. If B. where C. Whether D. that17. (2007江苏卷T25)Choos
34、ing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for.AWhat Bwhy Chow Dwhether（2011江苏卷 T26）It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.(主从)A. That B. How C. When D. why18. (2012江苏卷T27)The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.(同从 )A.when
35、B.that C.whether D.how练习三1. 调查表明，虽然明星受到 62%男生与 56%女生的欢迎，男孩子倾向于(tend)喜欢体育明星。 （宾语从句）2. 有现象表明（demonstrate） ，父母是女孩的第二最受欢迎的偶像。 （主语从句）3. 他建议，应该避免过度用眼(overuse)，鼓励多参加户外活动。 （宾语从句）4. 同时他提醒我们，握笔的姿势也与近视有关(related to)。 （时间状语从句）5. 前往动物园的人很想和动物拍照，这也是情理之中的(reasonable)。 （主语从句）6. 我们不能参加会议真遗憾。7. 你不知道那些日子我们有多忙。8. 他们表达了要再来中国的愿望。9. 你们愿意写什么话题就写什么话题。10. 毫无疑问，我们的朋友约翰会来加入我们。
