1、Words in the news,Military parade 阅兵 Refugee 难民 Asylum 避难所 Migrant 移民,Section 1 Chapter 1 News Headlinese 文理系 张小林,We are going to learn:,What are headlines? Functions & Categorization of Headlines The features of headlines. Translation of news headlines,What are headlines?,A,B,C,Which part is a head
2、line?,Headlines,What are functions of news headlines?,Functions of Headlines,Summarizing the story Arousing the readers interest Beautifying the newspaper page Indicating how much importance each news item has,The categorization of news headlines,Categorization of Headlines,one-column headline-strea
3、mer/banner通栏大标题 one-deck headline - four-deck headline 一层题/二层题/四层题 flush-left headline靠左齐头形 inverted pyramid form倒金字塔形 centered headline 居中型,one-column headline-streamer/banner,Two-deck headline,inverted pyramid form,flush-left headline,centered headline,What are the features of English news headlin
4、es?,Features of headlines,Grammatical features Lexical features Rhetorical features,Grammatical features,Grammatical features- Omission page 3,Omission of articles / “and” / auxiliary verbs China launches first ICBM into pacific Boys on cliff rescued Mother, daughter share Fulbright year,the,are,and
5、,Grammatical features- Tense page 5,(1) Simple present is the most commonly used tense in headlines.US and Egypt hold air exercises Womens soccer calls for support,Grammatical features- Tense,(2) Future is always indicated by infinitive “to + do”, or in simple present tense.Russia to hold Polish bor
6、der maneuvers Shanxi to invest large sums for tourismmaneuvers mnu:v 军事演习,Grammatical features- Tense,(3) Present continuous tense, “ V-ing” form is often used to indicate an ongoing action.Radio ,TV coverage widening Deposits, loans rising in HK,Grammatical features- Adjective as predicate,US carma
7、ker ready to cut outputEU and China closer to deal on Beijings WTO entry,Practice page 7,Add the missing word(s) to each of the headlines below and translate the headlines into Chinese. 1. Global Poll: Fashion Models “Too Thin” 2. What Declining Registration Rate for Post-Grad Exam Mean? 3. 3in 10 M
8、id-Life Couples Abandon Sex for Stress from Life 4. Bushs Approval Rating Plunges to New Low 5. Great Wall at Top of “Worlds New Seven Wonders”,Practice page 7,Add the missing word(s) to each of the headlines below. 6. Both Ends of Films to Be Shorthanded 7. Police Rush to Shut Down Performance by U
9、nderdressed Actresses 8. Lots of Fruit in Childhood Cuts Adult Cancer Risk 9. US, Russia Warned of Repeat of Cold War 10. Chinese Stocks Sink to Record Low amid,Keys to the Practice,1. Global Poll: Fashion Models “Too Thin”A Global Poll: Fashion Models Are “Too Thin”2. What Declining Registration Ra
10、te for Post-Grad Exam Mean?What Does the Declining Registration Rate for the Post-Grad Exam Mean?,3. 3 in 10 Mid-Life Couples Abandon Sex for Stress from Life3 in 10 Mid-Life Couples Abandon Their Sex for the Stress from Life4. Bushs Approval Rating Plunges to New LowBushs Approval Rating Plunges to
11、 a New Low5. Great Wall at Top of “Worlds New Seven Wonders”The Great Wall Is at the Top of the “Worlds New Seven Wonders”,6. Both Ends of Films to Be ShorthandedBoth Ends of Films Are to Be Shorthanded7. Police Rush to Shut Down Performance by Underdressed ActressesThe Police Rush to Shut Down the
12、Performance by the Underdressed Actresses8. Lots of Fruit in Childhood Cuts Adult Cancer RiskLots of Fruit in Ones Childhood Cuts an Adult Cancer Risk,9. US, Russia Warned of Repeat of Cold WarThe US and Russia Are Warned of a Repeat of the Cold War10. Chinese Stocks Sink to Record Low amid Growing
13、Inflation ConcernsThe Chinese Stocks Sink to a Record Low amid the Growing Inflation Concerns,Lexical features,Lexical features,Short words Acronyms & Abbreviations Loanwords,政府削减津贴 波及20万户 Allowance to be cut in 200.000 families法国政府改组 阁员人数锐减 Reshuffle axes Frances cabinet逃往以色列未果 埃犹太人陷囹圄 Ethiopia Jai
14、ls Jews Escaping to Israel,reduced,Reduced dramatically,Put into prison,1. Lexical features- Short words,Please turn to page 9,2. Lexical features- Acronym & Abbreviation,Shenzhen SEZ to host Intl trade meeting,Please turn to page 11 for more acronyms and abbreviations,IMF 国际货币基金组织（International Mon
15、etary Fund） APEC 亚太经合组织（Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation） ASEAN 东盟（Association of South East Asian Nations） NAFTA 北美自由贸易协定（North American Free Trade Agreement） OPEC 石油输出国组织（Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries） WTO 世界贸易组织 （World Trade Organization）,3. Lexical features- journalistic coinag
16、e,smog = smoke + fog 烟雾 fruice = fruit + juice 果汁 stagflation = stagnation + inflation 滞胀 Liconomics = Li Keqiang + economics 克强经济学,4. Lexical features- Loan words,Bushs “Quid Pro Quo” policy,Practice page 15,Give a shorter word with similar meaning of the underlined words in the headlines. 1. aid 2
17、. vow 3. curbs 4. probe 5. blast 6. stem 7. vie 8. rise,Practice page 16,Give the complete forms of the acronyms in the following headlines and translate them into Chinese. AIDS = acquired immune deficiency syndrome HKSAR = Hong Kong Special Administrative Region NPC= National Peoples Congress MVP =
18、 most valuable player CEO = Chief Executive Officer NATO = North Atlantic Treaty Organization EU = European Union IMF = International Monetary Fund,Practice page 16,Give the complete forms of the shortenings in the following headlines and translate them into Chinese. Grads = graduates Nuke = nuclear
19、 weapons Quake = earthquake Champ = champion Porn = pornography Exec = executive Celeb-studded = celebrity-studded Doc = doctor Sen. = senator,Practice page 16,Give the origins of the coinages in the following headlines and translate them into Chinese. Stagflation = stagnation + inflation Oxbridge =
20、 Oxford + Cambridge Sitcom = situation comedy Euro-missiles = European-deployed medium-range nuclear missiles 欧洲中程核导弹 Politburo = political bureau 政治局,Rhetorical features,Rhetorical features,Parody 模仿To Save or Not to Save Do as the Maoris do A Tale of Two Debtors,To be or not to be,Do as Romans do
21、in Rome,A tale of two cities,Rhetorical features,Rhyme & alliteration After the boom everything is gloom Weather worries Peis pyramids puzzle Paris,Rhetorical features,Rhyme & alliteration After the boom everything is gloom Weather worries Peis pyramids puzzle Paris,Rhetorical features,Rhyme & allit
22、eration After the boom everything is gloom Weather worries Peis pyramids puzzle Paris,Rhetorical features,Rhyme & alliteration After the boom everything is gloom Weather worries Peis pyramids puzzle Paris,Rhetorical features,PunBurning questions on tunnel safety unanswered (About the possibility of
23、fires in the Channel tunnel) Return to gender (About a reoccurrence of sexual harassment in London post offices),The pun in this case is in the words burning questions. The questions are about fires, hence burning questions, but burning question is another way of saying an important or urgent questi
24、on. The term gender has to do with male and female; and the newspaper article in question deals with the return of tension in the working relationships of men and women in London post offices. The headline is a pun on the instruction Return to sender, which is stamped on letters that cannot be deliv
25、ered and must be sent back to the people who wrote them.,How to translate news headlines?,Translation of news headlines,一、直译或基本直译新闻标题 二、翻译中添加注释性词语 三、尽量再现原文修辞特点 四、采用翻译权衡手法,一、直译或基本直译新闻标题,Putin Faces Harsh Press Criticism Over Terror 普京因恐怖事件受媒体严厉批评 Olympics Begin in Style; Swimmer Takes 1st Gold 奥运盛妆开幕
26、，泳将喜夺首金 UKs Oldest Person Dies at 115 英国第一寿星谢世，享天年百岁又十五,二、翻译中添加注释性词语,刘宓庆先生在文体与翻译中说的:“即使是明白、易懂的新闻标题,我们在汉译时也常需加上逻辑主语,或电讯中有关的人的国籍、事件发生的地点等等,总之必须增补介绍性、注释性词语以利中国读者的理解,避免读者产生误会。” For Beslans Children, a Legacy of Nightmares 俄罗斯：劫后相逢，别城孩童仍似恶梦中,三、尽量再现原文修辞特点,在翻译时应尽可能地体现原文修辞特点,如双关、比喻、押韵等,使译文和原文在修辞上基本吻合,从而让译文读
27、者得到与原文读者近乎一样的感受。 No Fans? “No Fret!” 赛场没人气? “咱可没生气!” After the Booms Everything Is Gloom 繁荣不再，萧条即来 Soccer Kicks off with Violence 足球开踢，拳打脚踢,四、采用翻译权衡手法,有时,当一些英语标题或因修辞手法、或因文化及语言差异,在汉语中难以表现其微妙意义时,不妨根据标题字面意,结合新闻内容译出合适的中文标题。这样处理时,可根据汉语以及汉语新闻标题的特点,采用不同语法修辞手段,以取得最佳效果。,1.增加词语使意义完整,就揭示新闻内容而言,英语标题倾向于将某一内容作“重点
28、化”(accentuation)处理,不讲究面面俱到。此外,由于英语单词通常由数个字母组成,所以标题一般用词不多。这两点决定了新闻标题一般比较精炼简短。而汉语新闻标题侧重“全面性”(totalism),加上汉语是一词一意,所以汉语标题用词相对较多。有鉴于此,在标题翻译时,可以结合汉语新闻标题的特点,适当增加一些词语,使标题的形式更趋汉化,意义更趋完整。,7 Astronauts Die as Shuttle Breaks ApartSpace Shuttle Colombia Confirmed Destroyed Without Survivors哥伦比亚解体坠毁美国宇航局证实七名宇航员全部
29、遇难官方称没有迹象表明与恐怖活动有关older, wiser, calmer 人愈老,智愈高,心愈平 Japanese Dash to US to Say “I Do” 日本情侣蜂拥美利坚，牧师面前誓言“我愿意”,2.套用中外诗词熟句,翻译新闻标题时,酌情借用、套用读者耳熟能详的诗词熟语,比较容易唤起读者的亲切感。 Bushs Daughters Reach Legal Age to Drink 布什双娇初长成，酒巷从此任纵横 Singaporean Star Gives Part of Liver to Save Dying Lover 若为爱情故，肝脏也可抛狮城上演感人生死恋,Practi
30、ce page 20,Translate the following headlines into Chinese. US Urged to Abide by One-Chine Policy Savers Vault from the Banks to a Safe Place at Home J.P. Morgan Axes Over 10,000 in Reshuffle Chinese Health Officer Cautions Resurgence of SARS GOP Facing Tougher Battle for Congress,Practice page 20,Tr
31、anslate the following headlines into Chinese. 中国敦促美国遵守“一个中国”原则 银行存款不保险，家中存放更安心 摩根大通重组，削减员工逾万 中国卫生官员发出警告：非典可能卷土重来 美共和党国会席位难保，争夺之战面临硬仗,ICBM （Intercontinental Ballistic Missile）洲际弹道导弹,Fulbright,The Fulbright Program offers grants to study, teach and conduct research for U.S. citizens to go abroad and f
32、or non-U.S. citizens to come to the United States. It is sponsored by the U.S. government and is designed to increase mutual understanding between the people of the United States and the people of other countries.,Quid Pro Quo,a thing given in return for something else Examples: The issue is what kind of quid pro quo money-market funds will now face. 问题是货币市场基金将面临何种类型的补偿。www.ecocn.org2.The country provided oil to another country as a quid pro quo for weapons. 那个国家提供另一国石油以交换武器。3.But European leaders have thus far opposed such a quid-pro-quo. 但欧洲领导人迄今一直反对这样的交换条件。,News reading time,
