1、中药化学专业优秀论文 两头尖化学成分及其生物活性的初步研究关键词：两头尖 化学成分 抗癌活性 风寒湿痹 风湿病 生药学 药材性状摘要：两头尖为毛茛科(Ranunculaceae)银莲花属植物多被银莲化(Anemone FuddeanaRegel)的干燥根茎。现在临床用于风寒湿痹，手足拘挛，骨节疼痛，痈疽肿痛，是治疗风湿病的要药。本文主要从化学成分和生物活性方面对两头尖进行研究。并对其进行了生药学研究。研究结果如下： 1对两头尖化学成分进行了深入研究，从中分离出 24 个化合物，利用理化性质、光谱分析等手段进行鉴定。其中两个为新化合物，分别命名为：两头尖皂苷Rlt;#39;19gt;(radde
2、anoside Rlt;,19gt;，3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(14)-D-glucopyranosyl-(14)-L-arabinopranosyl-oleanolic acid 28-O-D-glucopyranosyl-(16)-D-glucopyranoside.14)；两头尖皂苷 Rlt;,20gt;(raddeanoside Rlt;,20gt;，3-O-L-rhamnopyanosyl-(12)and -D-glucopy-ranosyl-(16)-O-D-glucc pyranosyl-(14)-L-arabinopranosyl)-oleanolic ac
3、id 28-O-D-glucopyranoside 15)。其它 22 个化合物鉴定为：亚油酸(linoleic acid 1)，3-乙酰齐敦果酸(3-acetyloleanolic acid 2)，羽扇豆醇(lupeol 3)，桦皮醇(betulin 4)，桦皮酸(betulic acid 5)，薯预皂苷元(diosgenins 6)，齐墩果酸(oleanolic：、acid 7)，谷甾醇(sitosterol 8)，两头尖皂苷 Rlt;,0gt;(3-O-L 吡喃阿拉伯糖苷齐墩果酸，oleanolic acid 3-O-L-arabinopyranoside 9)，五加苷K(oleanol
4、ic acid3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-L-arabinopyranoside eleutheroside K 10)，oleanolic acid-3-O-a-L-rhamno pyranosyl-(12)-D-glucopyranosyl-(14)-a-L-arabinopyranoside 11)，两头尖皂苷 Rlt;,3gt;(3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-D-glucopyranosyl-(12)-L-arabino pranosyl-oleanolic acid12)，常春藤皂苷 B(hederasaponin B， 3-O-L-
5、rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(16)-D-glucopyranosido 13)，heder acholchisideE(3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-D-glucopyranosyl-(14)-L-arabinopyra nosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-L-rhalnnopymnosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl-(16)-D-glucopyranoside 16)两
6、头尖皂苷 Rlt;,16gt; (3-O-L-arabinopymosyl (13)-L-rhamnopyranosyl(12)-D-glucopyranosyl(14)-L-arabinopymosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(16)-D-glucopyranoside 17)，两头尖皂昔Rlt;#39;17gt;(3-O-D-glucopyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(13)-L-rhamnopyranosyl(12)-L-arabinopymosyl oleanoli
7、c acid 28-O-L-rh amnop yranosyl(14)-D-glucopy-ranosyl(16)-D-glucopyranoside 18)，两头尖皂苷Rlt;,18gt;(3-O-D-glucopyranosyl(14)-D-gluco-pyranosyl(12)-L-arabinopymosyl olean olic acid 28-O-L-rhamn opyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(16)-D- glcopyranoside 19)Leonloside D (3-O-D-glucopyranoside-(14)-a-L-arabinopy
8、ranosyl 27-hydroxyol-eanolic acid 28-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl (16)-D-glucopy-ranoside 20)，hederacholichiside F (3-O-D-glucoyranosy-(14)- -L rhamno- pyranosyl-(12)-L-arabinopyranosyl 27-hyd roxyoleanolic acid 28-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(16)-D-glucopylranoside 21)，两头尖皂苷
9、Rlt;#39;9gt;(3-O-L-rham nopyranosyl-(12)-D-glucopyranosyl-(12)-L-arabinopranosyl 27-hydroxyoleanolic acid 28-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(16)-D-glucopyranoside 22)，两头尖皂苷 Rlt;#39;8gt;(3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-D-glucop yranosyl-(12)-L-arabinopranosyl-oleanolic acid 28-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl
10、(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(16)-D-glu copyranoside 23)，卫矛醇(evonymitol 24)。2对两头尖脂肪油类成分进行 GC-MS 分析，鉴定出 50 个化学成分；柱层析分离过程中的油状物进行 GC-MS 分析，鉴定出 32 个化学成分。 3初步研究了两头尖总皂苷的活性部位及单体化合物的生物活性。 (1)抗肿瘤 a对Slt;#39;180gt;和肝癌小鼠抗肿瘤活性初筛； 结论：体现该次提取物存在抗癌作用，但抑瘤效果不强； b单体化合物(化合物 10-15)和精制两头尖总皂苷体外抗肿瘤活性实验。 结论：化合物 10、11、12 连有 2-3 个糖，只有
11、 3 位连接糖，抑瘤作用显著；化合物 13、14、15 连有 5 个糖，3、28 位双糖链，无抑瘤作用。 精制两头尖总皂苷是两头尖药材经乙醇提取后，用 D101 大孔树脂富集、D941 大孔树脂脱色干燥而得，抑瘤效果没有两头尖总皂苷效果好，因为在除杂过程中去除了一部分极性小的化合物，也进一步说明随着两头尖中皂苷极性大(糖链延长，)，抑瘤率随之降低。 (2)抗炎 两头尖不同提取部位进行抗炎活性筛选，确定其正丁醇层及水层的抗炎活性较强。 4对两头尖生物学研究进行了整理对两头尖从植物基源、药材性状、资源分布等进行了研究整理。正文内容两头尖为毛茛科(Ranunculaceae)银莲花属植物多被银莲化(
12、Anemone FuddeanaRegel)的干燥根茎。现在临床用于风寒湿痹，手足拘挛，骨节疼痛，痈疽肿痛，是治疗风湿病的要药。本文主要从化学成分和生物活性方面对两头尖进行研究。并对其进行了生药学研究。研究结果如下： 1对两头尖化学成分进行了深入研究，从中分离出 24 个化合物，利用理化性质、光谱分析等手段进行鉴定。其中两个为新化合物，分别命名为：两头尖皂苷Rlt;#39;19gt;(raddeanoside Rlt;,19gt;，3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(14)-D-glucopyranosyl-(14)-L-arabinopranosyl-oleanolic acid
13、28-O-D-glucopyranosyl-(16)-D-glucopyranoside.14)；两头尖皂苷 Rlt;,20gt;(raddeanoside Rlt;,20gt;，3-O-L-rhamnopyanosyl-(12)and -D-glucopy-ranosyl-(16)-O-D-glucc pyranosyl-(14)-L-arabinopranosyl)-oleanolic acid 28-O-D-glucopyranoside 15)。其它 22 个化合物鉴定为：亚油酸(linoleic acid 1)，3-乙酰齐敦果酸(3-acetyloleanolic acid 2)，羽
14、扇豆醇(lupeol 3)，桦皮醇(betulin 4)，桦皮酸(betulic acid 5)，薯预皂苷元(diosgenins 6)，齐墩果酸(oleanolic：、acid 7)，谷甾醇(sitosterol 8)，两头尖皂苷 Rlt;,0gt;(3-O-L 吡喃阿拉伯糖苷齐墩果酸，oleanolic acid 3-O-L-arabinopyranoside 9)，五加苷K(oleanolic acid3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-L-arabinopyranoside eleutheroside K 10)，oleanolic acid-3-O-a-L-rham
15、no pyranosyl-(12)-D-glucopyranosyl-(14)-a-L-arabinopyranoside 11)，两头尖皂苷 Rlt;,3gt;(3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-D-glucopyranosyl-(12)-L-arabino pranosyl-oleanolic acid12)，常春藤皂苷 B(hederasaponin B， 3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(16
16、)-D-glucopyranosido 13)，heder acholchisideE(3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-D-glucopyranosyl-(14)-L-arabinopyra nosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-L-rhalnnopymnosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl-(16)-D-glucopyranoside 16)两头尖皂苷 Rlt;,16gt; (3-O-L-arabinopymosyl (13)-L-rhamnopyranosyl(12)-D-glucopyranosyl(14)-L-arabinopymosy
17、l oleanolic acid 28-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(16)-D-glucopyranoside 17)，两头尖皂昔Rlt;#39;17gt;(3-O-D-glucopyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(13)-L-rhamnopyranosyl(12)-L-arabinopymosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-L-rh amnop yranosyl(14)-D-glucopy-ranosyl(16)-D-glucopyranoside 18)，两头尖皂苷Rlt;,18gt;(3-O-D
18、-glucopyranosyl(14)-D-gluco-pyranosyl(12)-L-arabinopymosyl olean olic acid 28-O-L-rhamn opyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(16)-D- glcopyranoside 19)Leonloside D (3-O-D-glucopyranoside-(14)-a-L-arabinopyranosyl 27-hydroxyol-eanolic acid 28-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl (16)-D-glucopy-ranoside
19、 20)，hederacholichiside F (3-O-D-glucoyranosy-(14)- -L rhamno- pyranosyl-(12)-L-arabinopyranosyl 27-hyd roxyoleanolic acid 28-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl(14)-D-glucopyranosyl(16)-D-glucopylranoside 21)，两头尖皂苷Rlt;#39;9gt;(3-O-L-r特别提醒 ：正文内容由 PDF 文件转码生成，如您电脑未有相应转换码，则无法显示正文内容，请您下载相应软件，下载地址为 http:/ 。如还不能显示，可以联系我
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