1、The Application Of Information System In The Logistics Industry Chapter One Information management system to promote logistics technology development1 The problems faced by the logistics industryWith the accelerating speed of reform and opening up, The logistics industry is increasingly becoming the
2、 industry indispensable to peoples lives, At the same time, the rapid development of logistics industry also highlights the many problems.Although the logistics industry in recent years by the relevant policy support, But as the government and logistics enterprise logistics experience and a lack of
3、control technology , And the logistics industry is broad, overlapping functions, coordination is difficult, So the development of logistics needs improving content and lots more.Logistics infrastructure of incompetenceAt present the majority of our logistics enterprises from the traditional material
4、s and commercial storage and transportation enterprises, ministries shift over their storage and transportation bases and ports, terminals and forwarding agents point. As these enterprises are born out of the planned economy, extensive management, product of a fragmented, the infrastructure capacity
5、 can not adapt to the needs of Chinas economic development. Performance in transport capacity still can not meet the transport needs of key transport routes the contradiction between supply and demand are still outstanding; backward warehouse storage facilities, most of the warehouse is built in the
6、 fifties and sixties of the 20th century has been quite obsolete; slow development of the modern containers, spare parts transportation , Chinas waterways containerization was only 42%, 60% international; less efficient special vehicles, car-based medium-sized gasoline vehicle, energy consumption, l
7、ow efficiency, low level of mechanization of loading and unloading.Logistics enterprise information technology level is low The use of information technology is the key to the development of the logistics industry. Third-party logistics companies, and many shippers partnership to deal with the trans
8、fer of the number of different types of goods from several companies, third-party logistics companies must take advantage of the Internet to bring together transportation, storage, handling, packaging, processing, select the most suitable partner for every aspect of distribution and other informatio
9、n of many partners, according to the needs of enterprises, and in a timely manner to meet customer needs This requires logistics enterprises have a strong information collection, storage and processing capacity: As the logistics enterprises in China from the overall information technology started re
10、latively late, low degree of information technology on enterprise information, there are many differences, many logistics companies in the phone, manual, manual handling low-level stage. Many modern information technology such as bar code technology, radio frequency technology, EDI technology, the g
11、lobal satellite positioning system technology in learning and the initial stage.Logistics management system, regulations and technical standards not perfectManagement of Chinas logistics industry has remained basically followed the planned economic system, the management rights of the logistics indu
12、stry is divided into railways, transport, civil aviation, customs, trade and other departments. In the absence of a unified department in charge of macroeconomic management and coordination, horizontal logistics vertical management system partition. Under this system, if the goods of an enterprise w
13、ants to achieve a multimodal transport (once commissioned an article by the two transport enterprises or two or more modes of transport transported to the destination, mode of transport), it is very difficult. Relevant departments of the state is starting to develop the scope of management and profe
14、ssional characteristics of a number of laws and regulations, for example, roads and waterways have a different contract of carriage of goods to the implementation details; the department of industry and commerce, taxation, customs, inspection of the documents of the logistics enterprises have differ
15、ent requirements. and so on. The provisions of the various departments is not uniform, not complete, so that the cumbersome procedures for the handover, can not guarantee the smooth running of the logistics. All of these will lead to increase in the cost of logistics enterprises. In addition, the lo
16、gistics of technical standards has not been established. Manufacturing logistics equipment manufacturers belong to different departments, each department standards are not uniform, resulting in the logistics equipment, such as automotive, packaging containers, trays, containers and other standards a
17、re not uniform. Another example is the Customs and Excise Department, the incoming two sub-centers EDI applications are their own closed system, can not be networked with each other, and technical standards are not unified. Non-standardized cause invalid operations increased speed reduced logistics,
18、 logistics accident, the increase in logistics costs, reducing the effectiveness of the logistics enterprises. The founder of the company can not be separated from decision-making, something fast and effective decision-making is necessary, but do not jump to conclusions. A fatal wrong decision will
19、affect the future to run the company. If possible, should take a moment to consider the issues, gather information and listen to the views of others.2 Logistics technology development Information collectionBarcode technology , its application to solve the “bottleneck“ for data entry and data acquisi
20、tion, and provide strong technical support for supply chain management.EDI technology, logistics EDI is refers to the owner of the goods, the carrier and other related between owner unit, through the EDI systems of logistics data exchange, and, on this basis, the implementation of logistics operatio
21、n activities of the method. Its advantage is that all parties logistics based on standardized information format and the processing method through the EDI to share information, can improve the circulation of efficiency, reduce logistics cost. RFID technology, someone says “RFID“ is a disruptive tech
22、nology, it broke the limitations of traditional bar code identification, and can be widely used in supermarket, logistics, warehousing application field, it is likely to the whole society, like Internet bring change in attitudes. From metro “future shop“ to the second generation id card issue and th
23、e China RFID technology policy white paper “release that today in the logistics industry of RFID technology frenzy of discussion and wait-and-see, RFID as if into the overnight and the distance of the common people, are quietly with a supply chain of the revolution.Intelligent transportationWith ITS
24、 logistics in their respective fields had a successful example, how can the advantage of ITS will play in the traditional logistics, be the problem.From the technical level, the logistics system in an ITS ITS logistics information collection, logistics status monitoring, logistics control, logistics
25、 and information dissemination and communication of five subsystems. Actual operation, ITS technologies are applied to the transport of goods in the logistics and distribution activities. The performance of the changes brought to the modern logistics activities to logistics by improving transport ef
26、ficiency and safety, efficiency and optimization, and ultimately achieve the best use of the purpose of smooth flow of goods.For example, the driver can get real time traffic information, avoid crowded sections, adjust driving route to customer needs in the time of transportation and distribution ta
27、sk completed as soon as possible. Speaking of the enterprise, the optimal path means the logistics cost is reduced greatly. Second, ITS technology is also for the vehicles safety driving to provide the safeguard. Through the vehicle tracking and positioning can real time in the goods to supervise, t
28、o ensure the safety of the transport goods, to supervise to the driver. When in the vehicle or goods incident, control center can according to the monitoring to information quickly reflect.Locating and tracking“GIS + GPS + GPRS = logistics information steward“. Using GPS system can timely and accura
29、te grasp vehicle location, and driving condition. Especially for the port logistics enterprise, this the use of technology can effectively increase the efficiency of the logistics. And will GIS application in logistics analysis, is mainly refers to by using GIS strong geographic data processing and
30、analysis function to improve logistic analysis technology, using GPS and GIS technology of vehicle can real-time location, tracking and alarm, communication and other, again complementary with vehicle line model, the shortest path model, network logistics model, distribution set model and facilities
31、 such as locating model, can build a powerful logistics information system, make logistics and the optimal cost becomes real time.Most of the goods on the market has already realized basically bar code change management, if there is a network platform is undoubtedly information collection of a gold
32、partner. So, developers look accumulation to GPRS, relative to the previous WAP and SMS has absolute performance and cost advantage. GPRS use group packet switching technology, wireless transmission by dropped without trouble, and communication according to flow charges, as well as the 1 million dat
33、a flow, short message way needs 650 yuan sent cost, and GPRS need only 20 yuan. Network communication speed by way of WAP also less than 9 K increased to 30 K-40 K, and can also support voice calls and data transmission. And in the links of logistics operators through the barcode scanning head in th
34、e entry commodity information, and use their mobile terminal through the GPRS wireless communication network access enterprise network, completing the user identity authentication. Through the wireless terminal sorting, data encryption and wireless real-time sent. Data center received by the mobile
35、Internet and transmit over the monternet portal data, generation standard database interface, will business data storage, analysis, as the management and decision-making of basis. And the end users no matter where you are, by various business phone inquires data, to the enterprise management in the
36、various notice for processing, realize receive, reply, and other functions, using a wireless network and personal affairs management joint office function realization.Warehouse management systemWarehouse management system (WMS) is a modern warehousing enterprises management and processing of goods b
37、usiness operating system. First, the system will provide for warehouse operation process automation and comprehensive record approach; Second, change traditional fixed position, realize the random storage vault, thus the best use of aimed; Third, improve the quality of the goods and correctness, red
38、uce DuanDang and return, and improving customer satisfaction; Its 4, for all the activities, resources warehouse and inventory level to provide real-time accurate information.Distribution center management systemWal-mart former President David, sargeras concluded: “distribution facilities is wal-mar
39、t one of the keys to success, if we have what others do than good, that is distribution center.“ With powerful distribution center management system, wal-marts six distribution center is management in good order. So, for logistics enterprise or in stores, distribution center management system includ
40、es not only the basic warehouse management function, including the library management, the more powerful return management, management and distribution scheduling exception arrangement, line optimization and tracking etc. Function. Through the and wireless handheld terminal/bar code/RFID technology
41、with suppliers and the ERP system, the carrier of the transport system interconnection, in order to improve work efficiency, and speed up the goods circulation speed, lower the cost of circulation .Search for car goods systemSearch for goods and car system says car goods matching system, make empty
42、car and source through the network match up. From the “Chinese distribution nets“ increasingly critical of the increase traffic to see, Chinas distribution demand is very strong. And this kind of make use of the network forms of distribution are quietly changing Chinese transportation habits, the tr
43、aditional “XiaoHeiBan“ type of distribution mode has slowly to an end, that instead of distribution adsense shake the body as a senior member of the distribution network. Because through the network, the senior members can online trading, release, inquires the CheYuan/supply information, understand
44、real-time freight market. This no doubt will greatly increase customer base and the volume. And “network garage“ is solved the cart store “lie prone work“ drivers long-standing. Drivers will be as long as the name, phone number, plates, drivers license number input, after identity verification can b
45、e become network after a member of the garage, and distribution network according to provide the phone Numbers of drivers, use of GPRS determine the position of the vehicles, according to the owner requirements, near to the goods be arranged for a driver沈阳航空航天大学本科毕业设计（论文）1第一章 信息管理系统推动物流技术发展第一节 物流业面临
46、的问题随着改革开放速度的不断加快，物流业日益成为人们生活不可缺少的行业，同时快速发展的物流业也凸显出很多问题。物流业虽然近年来得到相关政策支持，但由于政府和物流企业缺少管理物流经验和技术，而物流业涉及面广、职能交叉、协调难度大，所以推进物流发展需要完善的内容还有很多。一、物流基础设施能力不足。目前我国大多数物流企业是从传统的物资和商业储运企业、各部委所属储运基地以及港口、码头等转运代理点转变过来的。由于这些企业脱胎于计划经济，是粗放型经营，条块分割的产物，其基础设施能力远远不能适应我国经济发展的需要。表现在交通运输能力仍不能满足运输需求，主要运输通道供求矛盾依然突出;仓库储存设施落后，大部分仓
47、库是 20 世纪五六十年代建的，已经相当陈旧;现代化的集装箱、散件运输发展不快，我国水路集装箱化率仅为42%，而国际上一般为 60%;高效专用车辆少，汽车以中型汽油车为主，能耗大，效率低，装卸搬运的机械化水平低。 二、物流企业信息技术水平较低运用信息技术是发展物流业的关键。由于第三方物流企业要和许多货主建立合作关系，要处理来自多个企业的不同种类的数量商品的传递，因此，第三方物流企业必须利用互联网来汇集运输、储存、装卸、包装、加工、配送等众多合作伙伴的信息，根据企业的需要选择每一个环节最合适的合作伙伴，并能及时满足客户的需求，这就要求物流企业要有很强的信息收集、储存和处理的能力：由于我国物流企业
48、从总体来说信息化起步比较晚，信息化程度较低，对企业信息化存在许多分歧，不少物流企业还处在电话联系、手工操作、人工装卸的低级阶段。许多现代信息技术，如条码技术、射频技术、EDI 技术、全球卫星定位系统技术等，都处于学习和起步阶段。 三、物流管理体制，法规和技术标准不完善沈阳航空航天大学本科毕业设计（论文）2目前我国物流业的管理基本上仍沿袭计划经济体制，物流业的管理权限分割为铁路、交通、民航、海关、商贸等部门。由于没有一个统一的主管部门进行宏观管理和协调，物流中横向联系被纵向的管理体制隔断。在这种体制下，若一个企业的物品想实现多式联运(一次委托，由两家以上运输企业或用两种以上运输方式将某一物品运送
49、到目的地的运输方式)，就相当困难。 国家有关部门从各自的管理范围和专业特点出发制定了许多法规，例如，公路和水路各有不同的货物运输合同实施细则;工商、税务、海关、检验部门对物流企业的单证有不同的要求等。由于各个部门规定不统一，不配套，从而使交接手续繁琐，不能保证物流的通畅运行。所有这些都会导致物流企业成本的增加。 此外，物流的技术标准尚未建立起来。制造物流设备的厂家分属不同的部门，各个部门的标准不统一，致使物流设备，如汽车、包装容器、托盘、集装箱等的标准不统一。又如海关，港航两个分中心的 EDI 应用系统均是各自封闭系统，相互之间不能联网，且技术标准不统一。非标准化造成无效作业增多，物流速度降低，物流事故增加，物流成本上升，降低了物流企业的效益。创办公司离不开制定决策，有事快速有效作出决策是有必要的，但千万不要匆忙下结论。一个致命的错误决定会影响到今后公司的运转。如有可能，应多花点时间考虑问题，收集信息和听取他人意见。沈阳航空航天大学本科毕业设计（论文）3第二节 物流技术的发展一、信息采集条码技术，它的应用解决了数据录入和数据采集的“瓶颈”问题，为供应链管理提供了有力的技术支持。EDI 技术 ，物流 EDI 是指货主、承运业主以及其他相关单位之间，通过EDI 系统进行物流数据交换，并以此为基础实施物流作业活动的方法。其优点在于物流各方采用基于标准化的
