1、从赛德克巴莱浅析文明与野蛮。一 通往彩虹桥的野蛮在台湾中部的茂密丛林中，生活着以狩猎为生的土著部落，男人打猎跟汉人交换物资，女人生孩子纺布，每个男孩子必须取得敌人的首级，才算是真正成为德赛克巴莱，是真正的勇士的意思，这种成人仪式叫做血祭祖灵，只有完成血祭祖灵并在脸色纹上图腾，才能在死后走上彩虹桥，获得心灵和灵魂的依归。每个部落都有着自己传统的狩猎领地，彼此间也会为争夺领地和猎物互相攻击。影片的开场就是年轻是的马赫坡部落的莫那鲁道，跟道泽人争夺野猪猎物，以及杀死对方完成血祭的画面。这些对于初接触的我们来说无疑是血腥的，野蛮的，但这是赛德克族人通往神圣的彩虹桥唯一的路。1895 年中日甲午战争，以
2、北洋舰队陷落，中国签订马关条约 ，割让宝岛台湾为结局。日本开始了对台湾的整治，试图结束台湾荒蛮时代，带来象征文明的铁路，邮局，学校。自然生活在台湾中部森林的赛德克族是避免不了的，那是影片主人公莫那鲁道的第一失败，看到自己猎取的两麻袋头颅被掩埋时，他说：“我不甘心，我不甘心”不甘心什么？他想了 20 年，也醉了 20 年，可他没有忘父亲在临死前说的话：“我们祖先再怎么样也没失去过猎场，而我们竟然让异族人在这里称王！”于是一场血祭必不可免。影片中莫那对达奇斯（花冈一郎）说过这么一句话：“如果你们的文明，就是让我们卑躬屈膝，那么我们就让你们见识下野蛮的骄傲，真正的赛德克莱可以输去身体，但是一定要赢的
3、灵魂。 ”尽管他知道抵抗的结果必然是死亡，但他不愿看到部落都被日化，年轻人都将失去最后猎场，失去灵魂，失去勇气。因为赛德克可以失去生命和身体，但是不能失去灵魂，不然将来将无法走上通往天堂的彩虹桥。二 不被接受的文明达奇斯（花冈一郎）问：“头目，被日本人统治不好吗？我们现在过着文明的生活，有学校、邮局，不必像从前一样得靠野蛮的猎杀才能生存。 ” “被日本人统治不好吗？男人被迫弯腰搬木头，女人被迫跪着帮佣陪酒。该领的钱全部进了日本警察的口袋，我这个当头目的除了每天喝醉酒假装看不见、听不见，还能怎么样？邮局？商店？学校？什么时候让族人生活过得更好？反倒让人看见自己有多贫穷了！”莫那鲁道愤恨地回答道。
4、真正的尊严不是盲目地追求文明，被文明同化，而是对“祖灵”的坚定信仰，是一种生在骨子里的骄傲，是即使面对强大的文明，也不会衰减一分一毫的骄傲！这是莫那头目思索了 20 年的答案，也是赛德克族的精神所在。当塔道头目问：“你明知道这一战一定会输，为什么还要打？” “为了快被遗忘的图腾！你看看这些年轻人，白白净净的脸没有赛德克该有的图腾，你忍心看着他们死去的魂灵被祖灵遗弃？还是你觉得他们不够资格成为一个双手染血的赛德克巴莱。 ” “这么多年轻的生命你那什么来换？” “骄傲！” 骄傲，灵魂的骄傲，更是对自己文化的认同！他们本就依丛林而生，他们的生活就是了解丛林，和丛林沟通，他们直率、坦荡、勇猛（我比较喜
5、欢就是两人喝酒时同时饮下同一杯酒以示友好） ，猎杀人头时不心软，战败自杀时不犹豫，这就是真正的“赛德克巴莱” 。或许很多人无法理解，抑或是我们根本不用去了解，每一种文化或者信仰，都有其封闭性，就像明治维新后的日本无法真正融入西方文明，日本殖民者无法了解赛德克人为何反抗。 “巴比伦塔”的失败造就的不仅仅大陆上各色的种族，一起诞生的还有每个种族自己独特的信仰和亘古流传的传说。让每个种族保持自己的“野蛮”本色，不去打扰他们，不是更好吗？三 结语文明褪去华丽的外衣，取而代之的是无尽的杀戮。整个“雾社事件”使赛德克近乎灭族，至今未恢复！战末，漫山的樱花不合时宜地开了，红的像鲜血般，或许是被将士们的鲜血染
6、红的吧。纵观历史，战争被作为推广文明的有效手段重复使用着，而战争却是野蛮最直接的表现形式，每个民族的抗争史或许也是文明进程的血泪史！到底何为文明，何为野蛮？处于其中的人也迷茫花冈兄弟身为赛德克人，却从小接受全日本式的教育，或许他们也一直在扣问：“我是谁？”他们寄希望于下一代，希望下一代能彻底成为文明人，彻底被文明认同接受，而莫那鲁道更清楚地知道：“再过二十年就不是赛德克，就没有猎场！孩子全是日本人了！” “出草”开始，赛德克人拔刀时，音乐顿时转入哀伤是啊，我们所有的努力、反抗都是为了下一代，这是新的希望，要让他们知道我们的祖先在浊水溪、徂徕山战斗过，我们是从半石半木生下来的赛德克人！倘若没有下
7、一代，我们这一代和上一代的存在以及我们所做的还有什么意义？一郎至死都带着“我是谁” 的迷茫，他身穿日本和服，用日式方法切腹自尽，同样纠结迷茫的二郎对一郎只说了一句话：“切开吧，一刀切开你矛盾的肝肠，哪儿也别去，当个自在的游魂吧！”或许也未必自在既不能进“祖灵之家” ，也进不了日本神社，依然夹在祖灵和天皇之间。战争，从来都没有赢家，有的只是一批批失落的灵魂，一片片血染的疆土，一段段辛酸的故事！最后，莫那鲁道和其他头目带着他们的勇士走上了彩虹桥，飘渺的彩虹桥上，他们放下了武器，手拉在一起，唱起了祖灵之歌，在这里，没有部落纷争，没有文明与野蛮的纠葛，有的只是疲惫不堪的灵魂和发自内心的歌声！希望这桥真
8、能承当起他们的希冀与罪恶，这也是对勇士们的慰藉！总有一些事值得用生命去守护，也总有一些人愿意去守护。导演带领我们思考历史，思考民族的同时，也带我窥探了那连接文明与野蛮的纽带或者说是夹在文明与野蛮之间的碎片信仰！参考文献：1 美罗伯特路威.吕叔湘译文明与野蛮.三联出版社.20052董诗兵野蛮的矛盾.时代文艺出版社.20113 美加布里埃尔杰克逊.余昌楷.李佳译东方出版社.2010（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of
9、 law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusin
10、g on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as “negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the“ bottom line “. Here,
11、 the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third p
12、art introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Comm
13、unist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the
14、 wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the
15、eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need
16、 of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Cont
17、ent is too complicated, “eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to“ hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with t
18、he party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to “clean“ the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December
19、2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half
20、 of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibi
21、lity to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party
22、tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general bo
23、oks recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two re
24、gulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a f
25、orum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs DepartmentThe first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots part
26、y organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful
