1、分类号： S153.6 学 校 代 码 ：10712U D C： 631 研究生学号：S080081密 级： 公开 2011 届攻读硕士学位研究生学位论文长期定位施肥条件下水田土壤有机质和全氮累积变化研究学 科 专 业 植物资源学 研 究 方 向 植物资源开发 研 究 生 潘世娟 指 导 教 师 王惠生 副教授 完 成 时 间 2011 年 5 月 中国 陕西 杨凌Classification code: S153.6 University code: 10712UDC: 631 Postgraduate number: S080081Confidentiality level: Public
2、 Thesis for Masters DegreeNorthwest AF University in 2011STUDY ON CHANGES OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER AND TOTAL NITROGEN IN PADDY SOIL UNDER LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTSMajor: Science of Plant ResourceResearch field: Exploiting of Plant ResourceName of Postgraduate: Pan ShijuanAdviser: Wang Huisheng Associate P
3、rofessorDate of submission: May 2011Yangling Shaanxi China研究生学位（毕业）论文的独创性声明本人声明：所呈交的硕士学位（毕业）论文是我个人在导师指导下独立进行的研究工作及取得的研究结果；论文中的研究数据及结果的获得完全符合学校关于规范西北农林科技大学研究生学术道德的暂行规定,如果违反此规定，一切后果与法律责任均由本人承担。尽我所知，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究结果，也不包含其他人和自己本人已获得西北农林科技大学或其它教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡
4、献均已在论文的致谢中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。研究生签名： 时间： 年 月 日导师指导研究生学位（毕业）论文的承诺本人承诺：我的硕士研究生 所呈交的硕士学位（毕业）论文是在我指导下独立开展研究工作及取得的研究结果，属于我现岗职务工作的结果，并严格按照学校关于规范西北农林科技大学研究生学术道德的暂行规定而获得的研究结果。如果违反学校关于规范西北农林科技大学研究生学术道德的暂行规定，我必须接受按学校有关规定的处罚处理并承担相应导师连带责任。导师签名： 时间： 年 月 日关于研究生学位（毕业）论文使用授权的说明本学位（毕业）论文的知识产权归属西北农林科技大学。本人同意西北农林科技大学保存或向国家有
5、关部门或机构送交论文的纸质版和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅；同意西北农林科技大学将本学位（毕业）论文的全部或部分内容授权汇编录入中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库进行出版，并享受相关权益。本人保证，在毕业离开（或者工作调离）西北农林科技大学后，发表或者使用本学位（毕业）论文及其相关的工作成果时，必须以西北农林科技大学为第一署名单位，否则，按违背中华人民共和国著作权法等有关规定处理并追究法律责任。任何收存和保管本论文各种版本的其他单位和个人（包括研究生本人）未经本论文作者的导师同意，不得有对本论文进行复制、修改、发行、出租、改编等侵犯著作权的行为，否则，按违背中华人民共和国著作权法等有关规定处理并追
6、究法律责任。（保密的学位论文在保密期限内，不得以任何方式发表、借阅、复印、缩印或扫描复制手段保存、汇编论文）研究生签名： 时间： 年 月 日导 师 签名： 时间： 年 月 日长期定位施肥条件下水田土壤有机质和全氮累积规律研究摘 要本文依托湖北武汉、重庆北碚、湖南望城、湖南祁阳、江西南昌、浙江杭州 6 个水稻土壤肥力长期定位试验历史样品及数据，考虑每个试验处理的有机质和全氮提升趋势和施肥因素，并运用相关分析和逐步回归分析系统的研究了稻田中土壤有机质和全氮累积动态变化。结果表明如下：除望城和杭州以外，无肥处理土壤有机质（全氮）都有不同程度的下降趋势，其中北碚下降幅度最大；N、NP 处理也有一定的下
7、降趋势，但比 CK 值高；平衡施化肥处理 NPK 无论水旱轮作还是双季稻都表现为比 N、NP、CK 处理高的上升趋势；土壤有机质（全氮）提升速率随有机肥比例成正比，30F+70M 处理土壤有机质在试验前 10年提升 12.8g/kg, 而 50F+50M 和 70F+30M 处理土壤有机质 10 年提升 5.0g/kg，前者比后者提升速率快 2.5 倍。随着试验时间的延长，年增量呈现下降趋势，M 处理、施稻草处理的比化肥处理土壤有机质下降幅度大；祁阳和杭州的 M 处理与配施处理的响应值差异比其他地区要大，有机质对有机肥的反应值顺序为：祁阳武汉北碚杭州。祁阳土壤有机质含量与累积产量有显著的正相关
8、关系，M 处理下祁阳的 累积产量与有机质含量显著性比配施中要大。随着试验时间的延长，年增量呈现下降趋势，不是直线上升，祁阳和杭州的NPK、NPKM 和 M 三个处理、南昌的比例施肥处理和 NPK 处理，还有武汉的 NPK 处理都是在试验开始的几年内呈下降趋势，随着试验时间的延长，下降趋势变缓慢；而重庆和望城的所有处理、及武汉的 NPKM 处理的起始土壤全氮年增量值都很小，所以表现出先上升到最高值后缓慢降低的趋势。全氮对有机肥响应值的变化趋势与全氮年增量的变化趋势相似，在施化肥条件下，除杭州和祁阳，北碚和武汉全氮含量与累积产量相关方程式分别为：y=0.004x+1.323（r=0.7338 ）和
9、y=0.005x+1.7963（ r=0.7203）；M处理全氮提升对累积产量的响应类似与单施化肥条件下的变化，北碚和武汉相关方程式分别为：y=0.0057x+1.3791（r=0.6444 ）和y=0.0101x+1.8453 （r=0.8954 ）；杭州在配施条件下作物累积产量与土壤中全氮含量相关性比施化肥和有机肥条件下的变化趋势都明显，其r值为 0.2504，累积产量越高，土壤中全氮含量越低。土壤中全氮含量与累积产量和累积施肥量有相似的关系，除了杭州以外，北碚和武汉在全氮含量与累积施肥量之间均呈正相关，相关系数大小顺序依次为武汉北碚杭州祁阳，北碚和武汉两个试验点土壤中全氮含量与累积产量有
10、正相关关系，相关方程式分别为：y=0.0981x+1.3845（r=0.7008 ）和 y=0.1111x+1.91（r=0.8804 ），祁阳试验点的相关大小与施化肥条件下的类似 y=-0.2463x+2.9993（r=0.7758）。关键词：长期定位试验；有机质；全氮；累积STUDY ON CHANGES OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER AND TOTAL NITROGEN IN PADDY SOIL UNDER LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTSABSTRACTField investigation and soil sample analysis methods
11、were adopted on the six longterm experiments in Hubei Wuhan Station, Chongqing Beibei Station, Hunan Wangcheng Station, Hunan Qiyang Station, Jiangxi Nanchang Station, Zhejiang Hangzhou Station, China Consider factors of increasing soil organic matter and total Nitrogen and fertilization of each exp
12、eriment treatment; This paper studies on the changing of soil organic matter and total Nitrogen in paddy soil . Results showed as follows：CK treatment of SOM（total Nitrogen） has the varying degree down trend except wangcheng and hangzhou, beibei is the greatest reduction, which has the average annua
13、l decline 0.23g/kg；N and NP treatment also have certain declining which is higher than CK treatment;Balance fertilizer treatment NPK has the higher rising trend than N、NP 、CK treatment; There is a scale relationship between the rate of SOM（total Nitrogen） and the organic fertilizer, among the first
14、10 years the SOM of 30F+70M 、50F+50M and 70F+30M promoted 12.8g/kg、5.0g/kg and 5.0g/kg separately.With the extention of test time, the annual increment of SOM all declining, M and M+S treaments were dropper than chemical fertilizer significantly; The response value of qiyang and Hangzhous M and comb
15、ination treatment were significantly higher different than any other areas, the size order was qiyang wuhan beibeihangzhou。there was a positive correlation between SOM content and accumulated production in Qiyang, this positive correlation under M treatment was more significantly than that combinati
16、on.With the extention of test time, the annual increment of TN all declining, not the line trend, NPK、 NPKM and M treatments in qiyang and Hangzhou, the proportional fertilizer and NPK treatments in Nanchang, NPK treatment in wuhan all declining during the first years, then this declining become slo
17、wly; because initial value of TN in Chongqing, wangcheng and wuhan was relatively lower, all showed that rising to maximum first, then gradually decreases to stable station. Hangzhou with organic-inorganic fertilizer was in under the condition of soil crop accumulated production and total nitrogen c
18、ontent of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer risk than under the conditions were obvious, and its change trend for 0.2504 r value, the higher the cumulative yield, soil total nitrogen content were lower.There was a similar relationship between the annual increment of total Nitrogen and the r
19、esponsibility to organic fertilizer, Under the condition of chemical fertilizer, there was a positive correlation between the total nitrogen content and accumulated production in Beibei and Wuhan except Hangzhou and Qiyang, the correlate equation was y=0.004x+1.323（r=0.7338 ）and y=0.005x+1.7963（r=0.
20、7203）respectively; The trends of the responsibility total Nitrogen promotement to accumulated production was similar both under organic and chemical fertilizer conditions, the correlate equation was y=0.0057x+1.3791（r=0.6444 ）and y=0.0101x+1.8453（r=0.8954）respectively; The correlation between crop a
21、ccumulated production and total nitrogen content was more significantly in combination treatment than that M and chemical fertilizer treatments, the higher of Cumulative yield, the lower about the TN content.The relationship between TN content and accumulated yield and cumulative fertilizer was simi
22、lar, there was a positive correlation between TN content and accumulated fertilizer in beibei and wuhan except hangzhou, the size of correlation coefficion order was wuhanbeibei hangzhouqiyang. There was aiso a positive correlation between TN content and accumulated yield in beibei and wuhan sites,
23、the correlate equation was y=0.0981x+1.3845（r=0.7008 ）and y=0.1111x+1.91（r=0.8804 ）respectively; there was a similar relationship between TN content and accumulated yield with chemical fertilizer, the correlate equation was y=-0.2463x+2.9993（r=0.7758）.KEYWORDS: long-term experriment, organic matter, total nitrogen, accumulate
