1、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese toEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.翻译真题：(2017.6.2)明朝统治中国 276 年，被人们描绘成人类历史上治理有序、社会稳定的最伟大的时代之一。这一时期，手工业的发展促进了市场经济和城市化。大量商品，包括酒和丝绸，都在市场销售。同时，还进口许多外国商品，如时钟和烟草。北京、南京、扬州、苏州这样的大商业中心相继形成。也是在明代，由郑
2、和率领的船队曾到印度洋进行了七次大规模探险航行。还值得一提的是，中国文学的四大经典名著中有三部写于明朝。The Ming dynasty ruled China for 276 years, which is depicted as one of the feudal dynastiesthat are governed orderly and stabilized in the history. In thisperiod, the development ofhandicraft promoted the market economy and urbanization. An ocean
3、of commodities, includingwine and silk, were sold on the market. Meanwhile, numerous exotic products were imported,such as clocks and tobacco. Commercial centers like Beijing, Nanjing, Yangzhou, Suzhouformed in succession. It was also in Ming dynasty that the fleet of ships led by ZhengHeexpedited f
4、or seven times to the Indian Ocean on a large scale. Whats more, three of the fourclassical novels are written in the Ming dynasty.(2017.6.1)宋朝始于 960 年，一直延续到 1279 年。这一时期，中国经济大幅增长，成为世界上最先进的经济体，科学、技术、哲学和数学蓬勃发展，宋代中国是世界历史上首先发行纸币的国家。宋朝还最早使用火药并发明了活字(movable-lype) 印刷。人口增长迅速，越来越多的人住进城市，那里有热门的娱乐场所。社会生活多种多样。人
5、们聚焦在一起观看和交易珍贵艺术品。宋朝的政府体制在当时也是先进的。政府官员均通过竞争性考试选拔任用。文都版The Song Dynasty began in the year 960 and lasted to the year 1279. During this period,Chinas economy developed rapidly and had become the most advanced economy, and itsscience, technology, philosophy and mathematicians boomed too. During the Song
6、 Dynasty,China was the first country that issuedpaper money in the history of the world, gunpowderwas first used, and the movable-type printing was also invented. As the populationincreased fast, more and more people moved to cities, where existed many entertainmentplaces. Thesocial life was diverse
7、. People could gather together to watch and exchangevaluable artworks there. The government system was also advanced at that time. Thegovernment officials were all selected and employed by competitive exams.新东方版The Song dynasty began from 960 and ended in 1279. During the period, China hadwitnessed
8、huge growth in the economy, making it the most advanced economy in the world.Science and technology, philosophy and mathematics also flourished at that time. In theSong dynasty, China was the first country in the world to issue paper money, use gunpowderand invent movable-type printing. With rapidly
9、 increasing population, more and morepeople moved into the city, in which entertainment venues were very busy. People couldenjoy various social life, getting together to appreciate and trade precious artworks. TheSong dynasty also enjoyed an advanced government system in the world. All of thegovernm
10、ent officials were selected and appointed through the competitive examination.(2016.12.3)农业是中国的一个重要产业，从业者超过 3 亿。中国农业产量全球第一，主要生产水稻、小麦和豆类。虽然中国的农业用地仅占世界的百分之十，但为世界百分之二十的人提供了粮食。中国 7700 年开始种植水稻。早在使用机械和化肥之前，勤劳和富有创造性的中国农民就已经采用各种各样的方法来增加农作物产量。中国农业最近的发展是推进有机农业。有机农业可以同时服务于多种目的，包括食品安全，大众健康和可持续发展。Agriculture is
11、one of the most important industries in China which embraces more than 300million workers. China s agriculture output ranks the first all over the word, and it mainlyproduce rice, wheat and beans. China provides 20 percent of the world food, though itsagriculture land only accounts for 10% of the wo
12、rlds total.Chinas history of planting ricedates back as early as 7700B.C. Long before the use of machinery and fertilizers,industrious and creative farmers had already used different kinds of methods to increasecrop yields. The latest trend of the agriculture development in China is to promote organ
13、icagriculture. And the organic agriculture can serve a variety of purposes, which includingfood safety, public health and sustainable development.(2016.12.2)随着中国经济的蓬勃发展，学汉语的人数迅速增加，使汉语成了世界上人们最爱学的语言之一。近年来，中国大学在国际上的排名也有了明显的提高。由于中国教育的巨大进步，中国成为最受海外学生欢迎的留学目的地之一就不足为奇了。2015 年，近 40 万国际学生蜂拥来到中国市场。他们学习的科目不再限于中
14、国语言和文化，而包括科学与工程。在全球教育市场上，美国和英国仍占主导地位，但中国正在迅速赶上。As Chinas economy booms, there is a dramatic increase in the number of people learningChinese, which makes it become one of the most popular languages. In recent years,international ranks of Chinese universities have apparently boosted. Owing to the pro
15、gress ofChinese education, it is not odd that China has become one of the most favorite destinationsfor oversea students studying abroad. In 2015, around four hundred thousand internationalstudents piled into China to study. What they learn is no more limited to the subjects ofChinese and Chinese cu
16、lture, they also learn science and engineering. In the globaleducation market, America and Britain still play dominant roles, while China is catching up.(2016.12.1)随着生活水平的提高，度假在中国人生活中的作用越来越重要。过去，中国人的时间主要花在谋生上，很少有机会外出旅行。然而，近年来中国旅游业发展迅速。经济的繁荣和富裕中产阶级的出现，引发了一个前所未有的旅游 热潮。中国人不仅在国内旅游，出国旅游也越来越普遍。2016 年国庆节假日
17、期 间，旅游消费总计超过 4000 亿元。据世界 贸易组织估计，2020 年中国将成 为世界上最大的旅游国，在未来几年里将成为处境旅游支出增长最快的国家。With the improvement of living standards, vacation is playing an increasingly important rolein Chinese peoples life. In the past, Chinese people mainly spent their time on earning aliving and seldom did they have the opport
18、unities to travel abroad. However, the recent yearshas witnessed a fast development of Chinas tourism industry. The boom of economy andemergence of the affluent middle class, has triggered an unprecedented tourism boom.Chinese people are not only traveling within China, but traveling abroad is also
19、becomingmore and more popular. During the National Day holiday of 2016, the consumption oftourism adds up to more than 400 billion. According to the estimate of the WTO, China willbecome the country with the largest tourism industryin the world in 2020, and it will becomethe country with the fastest
20、 consumption increase in traveling abroad in the next few years.(2016.6.3)中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。 为了在科学技 术上尽快赶超世界发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。中国的大学和研究所正在 积极开展创新研究， 这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学，从新能源到机器人等各类高科技 领域。它 们还与各地的科技园合作，使创新成果商业化。与此同时，无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消 费市场不断变化和增长的需求。译文一Chinas innovation is flouris
21、hing faster than ever before. In order to surpassdevelopedcountries on science and technology as soon as possible, China hassharply increasedresearch and development fund. Chinese universities and institutes are actively doinginnovative researches, covering various fields of high technology, from bi
22、g data tobiochemistry, and from new energy to robots.They are also cooperating with science andtechnology parks in different places, so as to commercialize their fruits of innovation. In themeantime, to adapt to the changing foreign and domestic market, and to satisfy thegrowing demand, Chinese entr
23、epreneurs are also making pioneering efforts to innovate theirproducts and business models.译文二（文都版）Innovation is progressing in an unprecedented speed in China. In order to catch up withthose developed countries in the world as fast as it can in the science and technology field,China has increased f
24、unds for development researchsubstantially in recent years.Universities and research institutions in China are actively carrying out innovationresearches, which cover high-technology fields such as big data, biochemistry, new energyand robots, etc. They also cooperate with science park in various re
25、gions, commercializingthe research results of innovation. Meanwhile, no matter in production and business model,entrepreneurs in China are competing to be pioneers in innovation to adapt to theconstantly changing and increasing needs of the consumer market at home and abroad.(2016.6.2)深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的
26、城市。在改革开放之前，深圳不过是一个渔村，仅有三万多人。20 世纪 80 年代，中国政府创建了深圳经济特区，作为实施社会主义市场经济的试验田。如今，深圳的人口已超过 1,000 万，整个城市发生了巨大的变化。到 2014 年，深圳的人均（ per-capita）GDP 已达 25,000 美元，相当于世界上一些发达国家的水平。就综合经济实力而言，深圳居于中国顶尖城市之列。由于其独特的地位，深圳也是国内外企业家创业的理想之地。译文一Shenzhen is a newly-developed city in Guangdong province,China Before theimplementa
27、tion of reform and opening-up policy,it was but a fishing village only with apopulation of over 30 thousand In the 1980s,Chinese government established ShenzhenSpecial EconomicZone as the experimental plot for the implementation of socialist marketeconomy.Currently,the population of Shenzhen has exc
28、eeded 10 million and the whole cityhas undergone tremendous changes.By 2014,the per-capita GDP of Shenzhen has reached 25 thousand dollars,equivalent to thatof some developed countries in the world.As far as its overall economic power isconcerned,Shenzhen is listed among the top cities in China.Due
29、to its unique status,it isalso an ideal place for the entrepreneurs at home and abroad to start their businesses.译文二（文都版）Shenzhen , the first special economic zone in China since the reform and opening-up policy,also the window of Chinese reform and opening-up policy, has developed into aninternatio
30、nal city with great influence, which is also the significant base of high-tech researchand development in South China. The long coastline of Shenzhen serves as a bridge betweenthe South China See and the Pacific. And adjacent to Hong Kong, Shenzhen is one of thebusiest container ports in the world.
31、Shenzhen Window of the World is a large-scale touristattraction , in which there are a large number of imitations of world-famous sights, such asthe Pyramid in Egypt, Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy and Niagara Falls in North America.(2016.6.1)旗袍(qipao)是一种雅致的中国服装,源于中国的满族(Manchu Nationality)。在清代 ,旗袍是王
32、室女性穿着的宽松长袍。上世 纪 20 年代，受西方服饰的影响，旗袍发生了一些变化。袖口（cuffs ）变窄，袍身 变短。这些变化使女性美得以充分展现。如今，旗袍经常出现在世界级的时装秀上。中国女性出席重要社交聚会时，旗袍往往是她们的首选。很多中国新娘也会选择旗袍作为结婚礼服。一些有影响的人士甚至建议将旗袍作 为中国女性的民族服饰。译文一Qipao, an exquisite Chinese clothing, originates from Chinas Manchu Nationality. In theQing Dynasty , it was a loose robe for the r
33、oyal women. In the 1920s, influenced by Westernclothing, it went through many changes.For example,the cuffs went narrower, and the dressgot shorter. These changes enabled Qipao to fully elaborate womens beauty. Nowadays,Qipao quite often appears on world-classfashionshows. It is usually the first ch
34、oice forChinese women asthey attend socialparties. Meanwhile, many Chinese brides willselect it astheir weddingdress.Some influential personalitieseven suggest making it as the nationalcostumefor Chinesewomen.译文二（文都版）Qipao is a kind of elegant Chinese dress, which is originated from Manzu Nationalit
35、y in China.In Qing Dynasty, Qipao is a kind of loose robes which royal women wear. In the 1920 s,having been influenced by western clothing, some changes have taken place in Chinesedress-Qipao. The cuff of Qipao has became narrow, and the robe has became short. Thesechanges have reflected the beauty
36、 of the females.Today, Qipao often appears in the world fashion show. When Chinese women attend someimportant social gatherings, they often chhose Qipao as their their first dress. Also, manyChinese brides will choose Qipao as their wedding dress. Some influential people have evensuggested that Qipa
37、o should be womens national costume in China.(2015.12)在中国，父母总是竭力帮助孩子，甚至为孩子做重要决定，而不管孩子想要什么，因为他们相信这样做是为孩子好。结果，孩子的成长和教育往往屈从于父母的意愿。如果父母决定为孩子报名参加一个课外班，以增加其被重点学校 录取的机会，他们会坚持自己的决定，即使孩子根本不感兴趣。然而在美国，父母可能会尊重孩子的意见，并在决策时更注重他们的意见。中国父母十分重视教育或 许值得称赞。然而，他们应该向美国父母学习在涉及教育时如何平衡父母与子女间的关系。Parents in China are always try
38、ing to help their children, even to make the most importantdecision for them, regardless of what the children really want, because parents believe itsall for the benefit of their children. This has led tothe result that the childrens growth andeducation tend to give way to their parents wishes. Once
39、 the parents decide to sign up anafterschool class for their children in order to increase their chance of being admitted to agood school, they will stick on their decision, even their children have no interest in it atall.In America, however, parents tend to respect their children, especially when
40、makingdecisions. Perhaps it is commendable that Chinese parents lay much importance oneducation, but Chinese parents still need to keep the balance between the parents andchildren in the perspective of education as the American parents do.(2015.12)在帮助国际社会于 2030 年前消除极端 贫困过程中，中国正扮演着越来越重要的角色。自20 世纪 70
41、年代末 实施改革开放以来，中国已使多达四 亿人摆脱了贫困。在未来五年中，中国将向其他发展中国家在减少贫困、 发展教育、 农业现代化、环境保护和医疗保健等方面提供援助。中国在减少贫困方面取得了 显著进步，并在促 进经济 增长方面作出了不懈努力，这将鼓励其他贫困国家应对自身发展中的挑战。在 寻求具有自身特色的 发展道路时， 这些国家可以借鉴中国的经验。China is playing an increasingly important role in helping the international community in theprocess of eradicating extreme p
42、overty by 2030.Since the implementation of reform and opening up in the late 1970s, China has helped asmany as 400 million people out of poverty. In the next five years, China will provideassistance to other developing countries in poverty reduction, education development,agricultural modernization,
43、 environmental protection, health care and so on.China has made remarkable progress in poverty alleviation, and it has made unremittingefforts in promoting economic growth. This will encourage other poor countries to cope withtheir own development challenges. These countries can learn from Chinas ex
44、perience inseeking the path of development with their own characteristics.(2015.12)最近，中国政府决定将其工业升级。中国现在涉足建造高速列车，远洋船舶，机器人，甚至飞机。不久前，中国获得了在印度尼西亚建造一条高铁的合同：中国还与马拉西亚签署了为其提供高速列车的合同。这证明人们信赖中国造产品。中国造产品越来越受欢迎。中国为此付出了代价，但这确实有助于消除贫困，同时还为世界各地的人们提供了就业机会。这是一件好事，值得称赞。下次你去商店时，可能想看一看你所购商品的出产国名。很有可能这件商品是中国造的。译文 1：Rece
45、ntly, the Chinese government has decided to upgrade its industry. China is now involvedin building high-speed trains, ocean-going ships, robots, even the planes. Not long ago, Chinawon the contract ofbuilding a high-speed railway in Indonesia. The Contract of Chinaproving high-speed trains for Malay
46、sia also signed by the two sides, which proves that goodsmade-in-China are widely trusted.Goods made-in-China has become more and more popular. Although China has paid pricesfor it, it does help to eliminate poverty and to provide work chances for people all over theworld as well. This is a good wor
47、k and worth speaking highly of. You may want to take a lookat which country your goods comes from when you go to the store next time. It is veryprobably made in China.译文 2：Recently, the Chinese government has decided to upgrade its industry. Now it is involved inconstructing high-speed train, ocean
48、ship, robot, even planes.Not long ago, China got thecontract of building a high-speed train in Indonesia.At the same time, China also got thecontract of providing high-speed trains with Malaysia.It proves that people believe in theproducts made in China. Chinese-made goods has become more and more p
49、opular.China haspaid a price for this, but it not only helps to eliminate poverty, but also provides jobopportunities to people around the world. It is a good thing that is worthy of praise.When yougo to the store next time, you may want to know where the product you bought is produced.It is very likely that it is made in China.(2014.12)反应在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。 这在很大程度上归功于道家对自然的感情。传统中国画有两个最受青 睐的主题，一是家庭生活的各种幸福场景，画中往往有老人在下棋饮茶，男人在耕耘收割，妇女在织布缝衣，小孩在户外玩耍。另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣，画有渔夫在湖上打 渔， 农夫在山上砍柴采 药，或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。这两个主题可以分别代表儒家和道家的生活理想。The ideal of country life reflected by the art and lit
