1、英语学业水平考试 之 词性转换,题目要求,Read the text below. Use the word given in the brackets to form a word that fits in the space.,题目分析,“Read the text”, “that fits in the space” -考生必须在把握全文大意的基础上，结合上下文信息，填出符合该语境的单词； “the word given in the brackets”-所填单词应该与所给单词在词根上是相符的。 “form a word”- 只能填一个单词-通常是名词，动词，形容词，副词。,题目分析总结
2、,很明显，这种考查形式的考核考生： 是否掌握课程标准所规定的词汇（包括常用词组和习惯用法）的基础知识， 是否能在具体的语境中运用这些语言知识。,具体的考核目标,能否在具体语境中正确理解词汇和习惯用法的意义； 能否根据上下文和交际需要正确运用词汇。,词汇学习要点,掌握所有词汇的本身的基础知识，包括拼写，词义，词性，等等 掌握构词法，包括前后缀的功能及含义等 掌握所有词汇的用法和搭配，包括名词单复数变化，形容词副词级的变化，动词不规则变化，动词+名词搭配，形容词+名词搭配，动词+副词搭配，动词+介词搭配，等等,解题要点,正确理解语篇和所给词的词义 根据语篇需要，结合所给词的词根，运用构词法和单词本
3、身的用法进行相应的词性和词形的变化-关键 注意变化后的名词的数，动词的时态和数，形容词的级，等等,常见的转换形式,减法 加法 先减法后加法,1. 减法,所给词往往是派生以后的词 根据语境需要还原词根 做法：去掉前后缀，还原为词根,例1,Many destinations that were once too _(remoteness) to visit are not just a flight or bus trip away. 减去后缀-ness变成remote,例2,7,000 visitors an hour _ (stepping) in and out of Notre Dame
4、de Paris(巴黎圣母院) each day. 减去后缀-ing 变成step,例3,Sports and games can be of great _(valuable). 减去后缀-able变成value,例4,When our eyes see the ball coming our brain has to _(decision) what to do. 减去后缀-sion变成decide,*例5,*It is an instructional system which is to _(disconnect) learners with educational resources
5、. 减去前缀dis-变成connect, *注意：否定变成了肯定,*例6,*If a mist _(appearance) in the early morning, 减去后缀-ance变成appear *注意：动词第三人称单数appears,*例7,*There are many _ (beneficial) of using online distance learning environments. 减去后缀-cial变成benefit 注意：名词复数benefits,2. 加法,所给词往往是词根 根据语境需要派生词 做法：添加不同前缀或后缀，变成其他词性的派生词,例1,Sports a
6、nd games should not be treated only as _(amuse). 加上名词后缀-ment，变成amusement,例2,keep us _(health). 加上形容词后缀-y，变成healthy,例3,the practice of such skills is _ (especial) useful. 加上副词后缀-ly，变成especially,例4,Online courses keep learners very _ (occupy) at all hours. 加上过去分词后缀-ed, 变成occupied,*例5,*Most of the abov
7、e _(say) have been made up . 加上动名词后缀-ing，变成saying *注意：名词复数sayings,*例6,*Many have become a part of _ (expensive) package tours. Because of the tourist industry, these sites are now being visited by millions of people annually. 加上反义词前缀in-,变成inexpensive *注意：肯定变成了否定。,*例7,*This may confuse the learner an
8、d cause _(understanding). 加上前缀mis-,变成misunderstanding *注意：肯定变成了否定。,*例8,*Guests who arrive exactly on time or early are mere _(thought) ones who are not giving the hostess those last few minutes she needs to deal with details. 加上形容词后缀-less, 变成thoughtless *注意：肯定变成了否定。,*例9,*The _(fun) the cartoon, the
9、more the womens parts of their brain lit up. 加上形容词后缀-y, 变成funny *注意比较级形式funnier.,*例10,*Whats _(bad)“更糟的是” *注意：形容词比较级不规则变化，变成worse.,*例11,*During the process they _ (undergo) sophisticated scans *注意：动词过去式不规则变化，变成underwent.,3. 先减法后加法,所给词往往是派生词 根据语境需要另外一个派生词 做法：先要做减法来还原为词根 然后添加不同前缀或后缀，变成其他词性的派生词,例1,Medi
10、terranean is nothing _ (comparative) with a disturbing projection made by the United Nations. 先要减去后缀-ative, 还原为词根compare 然后加上过去分词词根-ed，变成compared,例2,for _ (variety) reasons. 先要减去后缀-ty, 还原为词根vary 然后加上形容词后缀-ous, 变成various,例3,Its not a _(competing) and 先要减去后缀-ing, 还原为词根compete 然后加上名词后缀-tion, 变成competit
11、ion,*例4,*Some learners just want to take up their _(farther) studies at home. 先要减去级的后缀-er，还原为词根far *然后加上级的后缀-er，变成另外一个形式的比较级further.,先减后加的补充,当然，在实际的解题过程中，我们都是忽略其中的步骤的，直接进行跳跃式变形 例如：从comparative直接变成compared, 从variety直接变成various，从farther直接变成further, 等等。,总结,综上所述，不管所给词如何，一定要 抓住其词根 依照构词法原则 根据语境所需 填入相应词性的词根或派生词 *注意：变化后的名词的数，动词的时态和数，形容词的级，等等,Thank you!,Advice and suggestions are welcomed and appreciated!,
