1、CET-4,听力理解,短对话,1. 8类对话常涉场景 校园生活类、日常生活类、职场工作类、医疗健康类、旅游交通类、饮食娱乐类、住房搬家类、气候环境类 2. 做题步骤 快速浏览答案、找出关键词、推断问题方向 听对话，以关键词把握讨论的主题，抓住其中心大意或其中的要点，选出最佳答案。 3. 应试技巧 将各个年份的短对话根据场景进行归类，并总结相关词汇以及问题文法。 并总结短对话7种常提问题,这类场景主要涉及学校和专业选择，注册入学，选课听课，讲座演讲，课余活动，借书还书，买书卖书，读书学习，住宿情况，同学交往，作业，论文，复习，考试等话题。08-6-14 A) Review the details
2、 of all her lessons.B) Compare notes with his classmates.C) Talk with her about his learning problems.D) Focus on the main points of herlectures.,一、校园生活类,这类场景主要涉及购物消费，家务劳动，家庭财务，家庭关系，家庭分工，教育子女，邻里关系，恋爱结婚，日常闲谈，邮局或银行业务等话题。06-12-11 A) Plan his budget carefully.B) Give her more information.C) Ask someone
3、else for advice.D) Buy a gift for his girlfriend.,二、日常生活类,这类场景主要涉及学生假期兼职，毕业生找工作，招聘面试，工作压力，工作状态，工作态度，工作安排，工作目标，工作往来，职位任免，薪资福利，同事相处，开会出差等话题。07-12-14 A) Have a short break.B) Take two weeks off.C) Continue her work outdoors.D) Go to vacation with the man.,三、职场工作类,这类场景主要涉及生病就医，健康状况，不良习惯，锻炼身体，健身减肥等话题。07-
4、12-15 A) He is taking care of his twinbrother.B) He has been feeling ill all week.C) He is worried about Rods health.D) He has been in perfect condition.,四、医疗健康类,这类场景包括旅游和交通两方面内容，旅游方面主要涉及旅游前的准备，交通方式的选择，旅游地点，旅馆住宿，行程安排，旅游途中情况，旅游感受等话题；交通方面主要涉及交通方式比较，交通状况，交通法规，交通违章，交通事故，车或航班时刻，买票订票，接人送人，机场安检，托运行李等话题。06-
5、12-18 A) He turned suddenly and ran into a tree.B) He was hit by a fallen box from a truck.C) He drove too fast and crashed into atruck.D) He was trying to overtake the truckahead of him.,五、旅游交通类,这类场景包括饮食和娱乐两方面内容，饮食方面主要涉及就餐邀请，就餐地点，就餐环境，食物偏好，食物选择，顾客投诉，点菜评菜以及就餐过程中可能发生的事情等话题；娱乐方面主要涉及娱乐项目，个人喜好，看电视，评价电视节
6、目，观看评论电影或演出等话题。08-6-16 A) Extremely tedious.B) Hard to understand.C) Lacking a good plot.D) Not worth seeing twice.,六、饮食娱乐类,这类场景主要涉及租房买房，居住环境，装饰装修，房屋维修等话题。新06-6-18 A) The woman cant tolerate any noise.B) The man is looking for an apartment.C) The man has missed his appointment.D) The woman is going
7、to take a traintrip.,七、住房搬家类,这类场景主要涉及天气，气候，温度，环境以及其对人们的生活和出行造成的影响等话题。05-12-5 A) Its worse than 30 years ago.B) It remains almost the same as before.C) There are more extremes in theweather.D) There has been a significant rise intemperature.,八、气候环境类,短对话7种常提问题,从历年真题来看，四级听力短对话所提问题主要涉及7个方面的问题。对话内容不同，提问的
8、角度和方式也不同，选项的形式也有所不同。,问题是关于谈话的一方或双方说了什么，所处状态，做某事的原因何在，结果如何等。常见提问方式: What do we learn from this conversation? What do we learn about the man/woman? What can be inferred from the conversation?,一、事实状况,1. 根据选项的特点判断问题类型一般过去时或一般现在时 2. 正确选项一般不会是原文的细节再现 3. 注意捕捉选项中的关键词 4. 记录关键信息点07-12-11 A) She used to be in
9、poor health.B) She was popular among boys.C) She was somewhat overweight.D) She didnt do well at high school.,此类问题解题技巧,问题是关于谈话的一方或双方做过，正在做，准备去做什么或一方建议另一方去做什么。常见提问方式: What will the man/woman most probably do? What are the speakers probably going/trying to do? What does the woman suggest doing?,二、行为活动
10、,1. 根据选项特点判断问题类型动词短语形式：动词原型或动名词形式 2. 听音时留意对话中的动词，尤其注意与选项中动词相关的信息 3. 注意表示请求，建议的短语或句式 07-12-11 A) To find out more about the topic for theseminar.B) To make a copy of the schedule for his friend.C) To get the seminar schedule for the woman.D) To pick up the woman from the library.,此类问题解题技巧,问题是关于谈话的一方对
11、另一方或第三方的行为，品德，观点等的态度或评价。常见提问方式: What does the woman/man feel about ()? What does the woman/man mean/imply? What does the woman/man think of?,三、观点态度,1. 根据选项特点判断问题类型think, believe, find, guess, imagine, consider, as far as I know 2. 熟悉表示观点态度的常见词语 赞成：approve, agree, share, prefer, wise, reasonable, fav
12、orable 反对：disapprove, disagree, unwise, ridiculous, foolish, childish 赞赏：admire, appreciate, think much of, think highly of 喜欢：love, enjoy, wonderful, fascinating, funny, be fond of, be keen on 厌烦：dislike, bored/boring, be tired of 关心：concerned, careful, care about 怨恨或生气：hate, hatred, angry, anger,
13、irritated 害怕或担心：fearful, frightened, worried, nervous 批评或讽刺：critical, criticize, ironic, find fault with 失望或灰心：disappointed, discouraged 后悔或遗憾：regret, regretful, pity, shame 默然或热情：indifferent, detached, careless, enthusiastic 积极或消极：active, positive, negative 自信或自负：confident, arrogant, proud 乐观或悲观：op
14、timistic, pessimistic,此类问题解题技巧,3. 抓住对话中的一些标识性词语转折：but, instead条件，时间或结果：if, when, since, before, after, so 4. 注意说话人的语气04-1-7 A) The man should not dream of being a superstar.B) The man didnt practice hard enough.C) The man should find a new partner.D) The man should not give up.,问题是关于对话发生的场合，地点或者涉及到的
15、人或事物所处的位置。常见提问方式: Where is the conversation most probably taking place? Where are the two people?,四、地点场景,1. 单个地点题：抓住与特定地点相关的常用词语 2. 多个地点题：依赖笔记，抓住问题中的关键词 3. 熟悉常考的地点场景clinic or hospital; restaurant; school or campus; bookstore; railway station; airport; post office; library; bank; hotel新06-6-15 A) At
16、a clinic.B) In a supermarket.C) At a restaurant.D) In an ice-cream shop.,此类问题解题技巧,问题是关于对话所谈论的话题或对象。常见提问方式: What are they talking about? What are the speakers talking about?,五、讨论话题,1. 根据选项特点判断问题类型选项的概括性较强，且常为短语；各选项所陈述的内容往往差别较大 2. 捕捉与话题相关的关键词 3. 熟悉常考话题相关词语 4. 注意不要只从对话一方的话语中寻找答案05-6-9 A) An art museum.
17、B) A beautiful park.C) A college campus.D) An architectural exhibition.,此类问题解题技巧,问题是关于对话双方的关系或对话中某个人物的身份职业等。常见提问方式: What is the probable relationship between the (two) speakers? What is the most probable relationship between Jim and Bob? Whats the womans job? What most probably is Mary?,六、身份关系,1. 捕捉
18、关键词及人物语气 2. 注意对话双方的称呼语Mum; Mr. 3. 熟悉常考人物关系和常考职业身份常考人物关系：husband-wife; father-daughter; mother-son; teacher-student; schoolmate; colleague; boss-secretary; employer-employee; doctor-patient; waiter/waitress-customer; host/hostess-guest; policeman-driver; librarian-reader; landlord/landlady-tenant常考职业
19、身份：professor; secretary; doctor; boss; waiter/waitress; repairer, plumber, electrician; husband, wife, son, daughter, girlfriend 02-12-3 A) Colleagues.B) Husband and wife.C) Employer and employee.D) Mother and son.,此类问题解题技巧,问题涉及时间，年龄，数量，速度，价格等信息。常见提问方式: What time did Suzy leave home? How much does o
20、ne ticket cost? When is the train leaving?,七、数字信息,1. 速记信息 2. 听清问题 3. 不要直摄答案04-6-3A) At 10:30.B) At 10:25.C) At 10:40.D) At 10:45.,此类问题解题技巧,长对话10大听前预测方法,听音前阅读选项，利用选项信息了解听力的弦外之音，从选项中寻找突破点，尤为重要。 很多选项有较明显的特点，或使用某种专门的表达形式，如均为动词原型或均为人物角色等；或含有一些标志性的词语。 正确选项和干扰选项的设置均存在一些规律和特点。,19. A) The benefits of strong
21、business competition.B) A proposal to lower the cost of production.C) Complaints about the expense of modernization.D) Suggestions concerning new business strategies. 20. A) It cost much more than its worth.B) It should be brought up-to-date.C) It calls for immediate repairs.D) It can still be used
22、for a long time. 21. A) The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.B) A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.C) The entire staff should be retrained.D) Better-educated employees should be promoted.,一、各题主题揭示对话主题,W: Hello, Gary. Howre you?M: Fine! And yourself?W: Cant
23、complain. Did you have time to look at my proposal?M: No, not really. Can we go over it now?W: Sure. Ive been trying to come up with somenew production and advertising strategies. First of all,19. What are the two speakers talking about?,听音验证,考查”行为活动“类型。 选项以动词原型开头：问题大多是关于建议某人做某事，有时也表示为了某种目的而要做某事。 选项
24、均为动名词：问题大多是关于某个正在进行的动作或某项计划或打算。 选项均为不定式：问题很可能是关于做某事的目的，或是计划，承诺或要求做某事。,二、选项均以动词的某种形式开头,A) Searching for reference material.B) Watching a film of the 1930s.C) Writing a course book.D) Looking for a job in a movie studio.W: Sir, youve been using the online catalogue forquite a while. Is there anything
25、I can do to help you?M: Well, Ive got to write a paper about Hollywood in the 30s and 40s, and Im really snuggling. There are hundreds of books, and I just dont know where to begin.Q: What is the man doing?,A) To make a business report to the woman.B) To be interviewed for a job in the womans compan
26、y.C) To resign from his position in the womans company.D) To exchange stock market information with the woman.W: Please have a seat, Mr. Saunders. I received your job resume last week, and was very impressed.M: Thank you!W: We are a small financial company trading mostly stocks and bonds. May I ask
27、why you are interested in working for us?Q: Whats the purpose of Mr. Saunders visit?,如果选项中含有should, had better, would like等一类的词语，则问题很可能是考查“观点，态度或建议”。A) The personnel manager should be fired forinefficiency.B) A few engineers should be employed tomodernize the factory.C) The entire staff should be re
28、trained.D) Better-educated employees should bepromoted.,三、选项中含有表示意愿或建议的词,W: We should also consider human resources.Ive been talking to personnel as well as our staff at the factory?M: And whats the picture?W: Well probably have to hire a couple ofengineers to help us modernize the factory.Q: What d
29、oes the woman suggest about human resources?,听音验证,如果选项中含有think, like, dislike, enjoy, agree, disagree, mind, reasonable, wise, absurd, disgusting等一类的词语，听力材料或问题很可能是考查“观点，态度或建议”。A) The woman think Mr. Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.B) Mr. Saunders will share one third of the womans re
30、sponsibilities.C) Mr. Saunders believes that he deservesmore paid vacations.D) The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr.Saunders past experience.,四、选项中含有表示评论或感受的词,M: As a head broker, I have a lot of experience in the stock market, I deal with the clients on thedaily bases, and I enjoy working with p
31、eople.W: Well, you might just be the person weve been looking for. Do you have any questions?Q: What can we conclude from the conversation?,听音验证,如果选项中含有形容词或副词的比较级或最高级，或式其他表示比较的词语，则听力材料或问题很可能涉及人或事物之间的异同点或优劣的比较。A) Their competitors have long beenadvertising on TV.B) TV commercials are less expensive.C
32、) Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.D) TV commercials attract more investments.,五、选项中含有比较结构,W: Marketing has some interesting ideas for television commercials.M: TV? Isnt that a bit too expensive for us? Whats wrong with advertising in the papers, as usual?W: Quite frankly, its just
33、not enough anymore.Q: Why does the woman suggest advertising onTV?,听音验证,如果选项均为概括性较强的名词短语，且各项内容差异较大，则问题很可能是关于对话的主题或对话中出现的某一事件或问题的主题。A) The benefits of strong business competition.B) A proposal to lower the cost of production.C) Complaints about the expense ofmodernization.D) Suggestions concerning ne
34、w businessstrategies.,六、选项均为名词短语,W: Cant complain. Did you have time to look at my proposal?M: No, not really. Can we go over it now?W: Sure. Ive been trying to come up with some new production and advertising strategies.First of all,.Q: What are the two speakers talking about?,听音验证,某一选项明显与对话主题(综合其他
35、各题主题推测)不相关 某一选项明显与其他三个选项内容不同; A) The personnel manager should be fired forinefficiency.B) A few engineers should be employed tomodernize the factory.C) The entire staff should be retrained.D) Better-educated employees should bepromoted.,七、与其余选项内容明显不同的选项往往不是答案,W: We should also consider human resourc
36、es.Ive been talking to personnel as well as our staff at the factory?M: And whats the picture?W: Well probably have to hire a couple ofengineers to help us modernize the factory.Q: What does the woman suggest about human resources?,听音验证,A) It cost much more than its worth.B) It should be brought up-
37、to-date.C) It calls for immediate repairs.D) It can still be used for a long time. W: Sure. Ive been trying to come up with some new production and advertising strategies. First of all, if we want to stay competitive, we need to modernize our factory. New equipment shouldve been installed long ago.M
38、: All right. Ill see to it. Q: What does the woman say about the equipment of their factory?,八、意思相反的选项往往有一个为答案,A) Changing her major.B) Spending less of her parents money.C) Getting transferred to the English Department.D) Leaving the university.W:They believe that my job prospects would be pretty l
39、imited with the degree of philosophy. Plus they give me really a generous allowance, but I ambeginning to feel that Im wasting my time and theirmoney. They would be so disappointed though if I told them I was quitting.Q: What is Karen thinking of doing?,九、包含其他选项含义的选项往往不是答案,A) Their competitors have
40、long been advertising on TV.B) TV commercials are less expensive.C) Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.D) TV commercials attract more investments.M: TV? Isnt that a bit too expensive for us? Whatswrong with advertising in the papers, as usual?W: Quite frankly, its just not enough anym
41、ore. We need to be more aggressive in order to keep ahead of our competitors.Q: Why does the woman suggest advertising on TV?,十、明显不符常理的选项往往不是答案,测试考生对短文的整体理解能力 题材涉及面广1. 人物故事类2. 社会习俗类3. 学校教育类4. 科普知识类5. 社会问题类6. 日常生活类7. 交通旅行类 注意：熟悉各类题材的特有词汇和表达，以及问题方式,短文听力理解,短文听力理解8大敏感设题题眼,07-6-26 A) Her parents thrived
42、in the urban environment.B) Her parents left Chicago to work on a farm.C) Her parents immigrated to America.D) Her parents set up an ice-cream store.My mother was born in a small town in northern Italy. She was three when her parents immigrated to America in 1926. They lived in Chicago when my grand
43、father worked making ice-cream26. What does the speaker tell us about his mothersearly childhood?,一、短文首尾处,07-12-32 A) People came to see the role of women in the businessworld.B) Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americansmind.C) American media would be quite different without Katharine.D)
44、Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world. After her death, the employees of The Washington Post wrote: “The world without Katharine will not be the same at all.” 32. What does the comment by employees of The Washington Post suggest?,一、短文首尾处,such as, for example, for instance, the fi
45、rst, the second07-6-34 A) By bringing an animal rarely seen on nearby farms.B) By bringing a bag of grain in exchange for a ticket.C) By offering to do volunteer work at the fair.D) By performing a special skill at the entrance.During the early 1930s, officials of the fair ruled that the people coul
46、d attend by paying with something other than money. For example, farmers brought a bag of grain in exchange for a ticket. 32. How did some farmers gain entrance to the fair in theearly 1930s?,二、短文中列举或举例处,but, as well as, not onlybut also, however, because, since, so, if, even if/though07-12-27 A) Th
47、ey are usually adopted from distant places.B) Their birth information is usually kept secret.C) Their birth parents often try to conceal their birthinformation.D) Their adoptive parents dont want them to know their birth parents. As a matter of fact, it is often very difficult for adoptees to find o
48、ut about their birth parents. Because the birth records of most adoptees are usually sealed. The information is secret, so no one can see it. 32. Why is it difficult for adoptees to find out about their birth parents?,三、短文中并列，转折，因果，条件等逻辑关系处,强调句型，助动词强调以及actually, particularly等 表强调的副词06-6-15 A) Provin
49、cial colleges were taken over by largeruniversities.B) Its largest expansion took place during that period.C) Small universities combined to form bigger ones.D) Its role in society went through a dramatic change. It was in the 1960s that the largest expansion of higher education took place in Britai
50、n. 32. Why was the 1960s so significant for British Higher Education?,四、短文中强调处,形容词，副词的比较级和最高级，以及等引出的比较或对比结构06-6-16 A) Private donations.B) Fees paid by students.C) Government funding.D) Grants from corporations. In Britain finance for universities comes from three sources: the first, and the largest source, is grants from the government, the second source is and the third one is 32. What is the main financial source for British universities?,
