1、Module 4 Great Scientists 伟大的科学家核心词汇1She closed her eyes against the_ (明亮的)light.2As far as I know，all these people are innocent _ (牺牲者)3The recent hot，humid weather is affecting air _ (质量)4. The Indians were the_(原来的)inhabitants of North America.5We love reading your letters and we try to _ (发表)as
2、many as possible.6Rice is the_(主要的)diet in many Asian countries.7The directors were trying to get rid of her，but her staff all_(支持 )her. 8They have made a major_(突破 )in cancer research.9He was _at a public university.The_there taught so well that he received a good_.(educate)10“In _，your work is bad
3、，”said the boss _ .(brief)1.brilliant 2.victims 3.quality 4.original 5.publish, 6.staple 7.supported 8.breakthrough 9.educated；educators；education 10.brief；briefly 高频短语1_ 培养；养育2_ 带进；引进；挣得3_ 由于的结果4_ 因/以而闻名/ 出名5_ 从来；源于6_ 谋生7_ 掌权；执政8_ 对进行实验9_ 偶然，意外地10_ 被系/捆在上11_ 从毕业12_ 被诊断为13_ 沿笔直的方向14_ 目前， 现在1.bring u
4、p 2.bring in 3.as a result of 4.be known for,e from 6.make/earn/get a (ones) living e to/into power 8.experiment with 9.by accident 10.be attached to 11.graduate from 12.be diagnosed with 13.in a straight direction 14.at present重点句式1In the_，the Chinese scientist，Yuan Longping，is a_.在水稻种植领域，中国科学家袁隆平是
5、一位杰出人士。2He thought that_people was _and_.他认为，解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米，并且能更快地生产出来。3_Yuan Longpings discoveries Chinese rice production_47.5 percent_.由于袁隆平的发现，中国的水稻产量在 20 世纪 90 年代增长了 47.5%。4_it was discovered that he was a brilliant scientist.就斯蒂芬霍金个人情况而言人们发现他是一个卓越的科学家。5But_wanted to use rockets in battle
6、s.但并不是每个人都想在战争中使用火箭。6Or was he carried miles into space，_？还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？1.ricegrowing world；leading figure 2.the key to feeding；to have more rice；to produce it more quickly 3.As a result of；rose by；in the 1990s 4.In Stephen Hawkings case 5.not everybody 6.becoming the worlds first astr
7、onaut知识详解1 support vt.& n 支撑；扶持；拥护；维持；赡养；忍受(回归课本 P32)The research was supported by the government.这项研究得到了政府的赞助。11归纳总结例句探源He has a large family to support.他要养一大家人。We support the police wholeheartedly in their work against crime.我们全力支持警方打击犯罪活动的工作。They signed a petition in support of the pay claim.他们在请
8、愿书上签名支持这次的加薪要求。The middle part of the bridge is supported by two huge towers.桥的中部由两个巨型桥塔支撑着。即境活用1My sister was against the idea while my brother was _it. Ain terms of Bin support of Cin need of Din case of解析：选 B。句意为：我的姐姐反 对这个主意而我的弟弟却支持它。in support of表示“支持，赞同”；in terms of.意为“从角度而言”；in need of.意为“需求，需
9、要”；in case of 意为“假如，万一”。故 B 项正确。2.The old man has a problem with his legs and therefore he has to_himself with a cane.Ahelp BsupportCraise Dlift解析：选 B。support himself with a cane 用一根拐杖撑着他自己。help sb.with sth.帮助某人某事；raise 举起；lift 抬起。2 quantity n 量；数量；大量(回归课本 P33)A yield refers to quantity (eg of food)
10、产量指的是数量(例如食物的 )。归纳总结例句探源(牛津 P1620)Its cheaper to buy goods in quantity.大宗购物比较便宜。Your work has improved in quantity and quality this term.本学期你的作业在数量和质量上都有提高。Great quantities of sand were washed down the hillside by the rain.雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。It is worthwhile to spend a quantity of money in bringing up chi
11、ldren.在教育孩子方面花许多钱是值得的。即境活用3Why does the lake smell terrible?Because large quantities of water_. Ahave polluted Bis being pollutedChas been polluted Dhave been polluted解析：选 D。首先，large quantities 作主语，谓语要用复数，故 B 和 C 项错；另外，pollute 与 water 是被动关系，故用其被 动语态。4._food are stored in the tunnel in winter.ALarge
12、quantities of BA great manyCA large number of DQuite a few解析：选 A。large quantities of 后面既可跟可数名词的复数又可跟不可数名词。3 escape vi. 逃脱，避开，溜走vt. 逃避，避免；被忘掉；情不自禁地 发出；被忘记；未被注意n 逃，逃亡，逃跑(回归课本 P39)The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping from the tube could lift it into the air.中国人发现从管中逸出的气体能够把它推到空中。归纳总结【注意】 escape
13、 后常接 v.ing 形式作宾语。 例句探源There is no way to escape doing the task.没有方法逃避这项工作。(牛津 P676)She managed to escape from the burning car.她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。(朗文 P632)Theres no escaping the fact that she did actually lie to you. 不可否认的是，她的确对你撒了谎。Oh，yes，youre right.It has completely escaped my memory.噢，是的，你说得对。我把它忘得一干
14、二 净了。即境活用5The flying bird is lucky enough to escape_by the hidden net the farmer spread over the fields.Acatching Bfrom catchingCcaught Dbeing caught解析：选 D。句意：这只飞鸟很幸运，没有被 农夫撒在田 间的隐形网捕捉住。此处escape 表示“逃脱，逃避 ”，后接动词时需用 v.ing 形式，又因为 the flying bird与 catch 之间是被动关系，故用 being caught。6.When the disaster struck
15、 many people had no time to escape_.Akilling Bto be killedCto kill Dbeing killed解析：选 D。escape 后应跟动名词形式， 这里考查的是 动名词的被动结构。4 clear vt. 使清澈；使清楚；扫清vi. 变清澈；(天) 变晴；(烟雾)消散adj. 清澈的；晴；清晰的； 畅通的(回归课本 P39)When the smoke cleared Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared.当烟雾散去后，万户和他的椅子都不见了。归纳总结例句探源After supper，my young
16、er brother often helps mother clear away the di shes.晚饭后，小弟经常帮母亲收拾碟子。They cleared up the misunderstanding and make up.他们消除误会和好了。The sky cleared after the storm.雨过天晴。He made it clear that he would resign.他明确表示他要辞职。即境活用7.It has been snowing for several days.I hope it_.A.to be cleared up Bto clean upCw
17、ill clear up Dwill clean up解析：选 C。hope 后面不能跟不定式作宾补，排除 A、B；clear up 此处表示“ (天)放晴”，符合题意。clean up“清理掉” 。8Since you want to make up with her，you should be the first to_the misunderstanding.Aclear up Bbreak upCtake up Dfollow up解析：选 A。A“整理，收拾；消除，解除(误解等) ；(天气) 放晴”；B“ 打碎，拆散；分裂，分解；(集会)结束”；C“占( 时间、空间)；从事；拿起；继
18、续讲述”；D“ 跟进，补充，采取后续行动 (加 强效果) ”，这里指的是“ 消除 误解” ，所以选 A。5 bring in 请来， 带进；引 进；赚钱；收割庄稼；逮捕(回归课本 P33)Researchers were brought in from all over China.从中国各地请来研究人员。归纳总结例句探源Could I just bring in some members of the audience to get their views?我可以邀请一些观众来听取他们的意见吗？They have brought in some advanced equipment.他们引进
19、了一些先进设备。Farmers in the south have also brought in good crops.南方的农民也获得好收成。(朗文 P238)Ill bring your books back on wednesday.我星期三把书给你带回来。 (朗文 P238)The smells from the kitchen brought forth happy memories of childhood.厨房的香味让我想起快乐的童年。即境活用9The policeman_two thieves caught stealing in the supermarket.Abroug
20、ht up Bbrought intoCbrought in Dbrought out解析：选 C。句意为“ 警察带进来两个在超市现场偷东西的小偷。 ”10.To develop our country more effectively，we must_new science and technology from abroad.Abring up Bbring in Cbring out Dbring about解析：选 B。bring up“养育”；bring in“引进” ；bring out“出版，发挥”；bring about“引起，导致”。6 come to power 掌权 ；执
21、 政(回归课本 P37)Albert Einstein left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the US阿尔伯特爱因斯坦在希特勒掌权时离开了德国去美国工作。归纳总结例句探源Do you know when the first Chinese empress came to power?你知道中国第一位女皇帝是什么时候上台执政的吗？She has a lot of power over the people in her team.她对队里的人有很大的影响力。Im afraid it is beyond my po
22、wer to do what youre asking.我恐怕不能胜任你要求做的事。即境活用11He_for ten years but still doesnt want to leave office.Ahas been in power Bhas come to powerCtook office Dcame into power解析：选 A。因有表示一段时间的时间状语 for ten years，故 选用表示状态的be in power。句型梳理1【教材原句】 Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the worlds first a
23、stronaut？(P39)还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？【句法分析】 becoming the worlds first astronaut 是现在分词短语，在此处作结果状语。现在分词短语作结果状语，只能放在主句后面。Her parents died, leaving her a lot of debts.她的父母去世了，给她留下很多债务。It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。易混辨析现在分词和动词不定式作结果状语的区别(1)现在分词作结果状语通常表示一
24、个自然而然的、意料之中的结果。例如：Many trees had been blown down by the high winds，blocking roads.许多树被狂风刮倒，堵住了道路。(2)不定式作结果状语表示一个出乎意料的结果。其前常加 only 以强调这一意外结果。例如：I rushed to the school，only to find it was Sunday.我跑到学校，结果却发现那天是星期天。即境活用12Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_a record US $57.65
25、 a barrel.Ahave reached BreachingCto reach Dto be reaching解析：选 B。句意“ 油价从今年初开始至今已 经上涨了 32%，达到每桶 57.65 美元。 ”用 v.ing 形式作结果状语。13.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_in the natural light during the day.Ato let BlettingClet Dhaving let解析：选 B。句意：在入口 处 ，玻璃门已取代了木门，这样白天自然光
26、便可照射进来。to let 动词不定式作目的状语时，其前不用逗号与句子隔开；作结果状语常以 only to do 形式 出现表示出乎意料的结果。let 为原形，不能用作状语。having let 为分词的完成时态，表示动作在主句动词所表达的动作之前已完成，不合 题意。letting 是现在分词作结果状语，故选 B。2【教材原句】 The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.(P39)这些管子被捆在一根长棍子上，这根棍子有助于让火箭保持笔直的
27、方向前进。【句法分析】 该句式中 keep 为使役动词， 该句式意 为“ 使继续处于某种状态”。(1)keep宾语(名词或代词)形容词。(2)keep宾语 (名词或代 词)副词。(3)keep宾语 (名词或代 词)名词。(4)keep宾语 (名词或代 词)现在分词，其中 宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主动关系。(5)keep宾语 (名词或代 词)过去分词，其中 宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的被动关系。(6)keep宾语 (名词或代 词)介词短语。Dont keep all the windows open.别把所有的窗子都开着。He kept all the lights on when he
28、 went out. 他出去时把所有的灯都开着。Please keep me a place in the queue.请在队里给我留个位置。He kept me waiting in the rain.他让我在雨中等。He will never keep a job half done.他从来都不会让工作半途而废。Dont keep the child by himself at home.别把孩子一个人留在家里。即境活用14They use computers to keep the traffic_smoothly.Abeing run BrunCto run Drunning解析：选 D。根据“keep.doing ”结构得出答案。句意“ 他们使用计算机来使交通通畅。 ”15.To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English_as much as we can.Aspeak BspeakingCspoken Dto speak解析：选 C。句意： 为了把英语学好，我们应当尽可能抓住一切机会去听别人讲英语。本题关键要意识到 English 和 speak 之间是被动关系，故 选 C。独家ZxxkK&S%5#U
