1、不定式考点导航江西省赣县南塘中学 王先玲 星沙英语网 专稿不定式是非谓语动词最重要的形式，每年的中考题均会考查其用法。不定式可作宾语、宾补、状语、定语和主语等。一、考查不定式作宾语Shall we stay at home watching TV tonight?No, Id like _ and see a movie. A. to go B. go C. went D. going（2009 河南）C。询问别人的意思可用 would like to do sth. .? /want to do sth./feel like doing sth.等句型，都可表“想做某事” ，要注意它们的搭
2、配。What a heavy rain!So it is.I prefer _at home _on such a rainy day. A. watch TV; to go out B. watch TV; go out C. watching TV; to going out D.to watch TV; going out（2009 江苏扬州）C。prefer + doing sth. to +doing sth.=prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.，意为 “宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事” ，要注意两者的搭配。The classroom was so
3、 dirty. I decided_ . A. clean it up B. to clean it up C. clean up it（2009 四川南充）12.B。decide to do sth. 意为 “决定做某事” ，为固定搭配，clean up 意为 “（把）打扫干净；（把）收拾整齐” ，属于“动词+副词”型短语，其宾语是代词时,要把代词放在中间。类似的 give away/out, clean/fix/think,work out,put /wake/set/cheer /call up 等“动词+ 副词”型短语，其宾语是代词时,要把代词放在中间。如果是名词作宾语时,可把宾语放在
4、中间或短语的后面。我确信什么也无法阻止李雷成为一名作家。Im sure_ a writer. （2009 北京，完成句子）【解析】填 nothing can stop LiLei from becoming。keep / stop / prevent from doing sth. 意均为“阻止某人、某物做某事” 。 1. How about going hiking this weekend?Sorry. I prefer _ rather than _. (04,黄冈 )A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at homeC. stay
5、ing at home, go out D. going out, stay at home._do you want_ for a party? Lets ask Peter for advice. He knows all the parks in this city. （2009 四川成都）A. what; to buy B. where ; to go C. How; to startHi, Tom! Can you tell me when_ for London?Yes, tomorrow afternoon. （2009 广东广州）A. leaving B. leaves C.
6、to leave D. are you leaving【解析】选 C。 “连接副词/代词+不定式短语”构成的动词不定式短语可在 learn, tell, know 等动词后面作宾语【考点 3】feel like 的搭配和用法【考例】The old man is ill and he doesnt feel like _.（2009 广东）A.to eat something B. to eat anythingC. eating something D. eating anything 【解析】选 D。 “feel like+名词、代词”意为 “摸起来像；感觉像是；想某事” ； feel li
7、ke doing sth. 意为 “想做某事” something 多用在肯定句中，anything 多用在否定句、疑问句中Science is so difficult!I think you should keep on _ hard. （2009 福建南安）A. study B. to study C. studying【解析】选 C。keep on doing sth. 意为 “继续做某事” ，多用于表示不断地持续做某事，之后不接表状态的词如：sit, lie,sleep 等。Have you seen the TV play My Ugly Mother?Yes, its well
8、worth _. Its _ moving that Ive seen it twice. （2009 湖北黄冈）A. seeing; too B. to see; enough C. seeing; so D. to see; such【解析】选 A。be （well ） worth doing 表“（很）值得做”为固定搭配，可排除B，so that 为固定结构，表“如此 以致” 。2. My grandfather wants_around the world because he enjoys new places. (05，广州 )A.travelling,seeing B.to tr
9、avel ,to see C.to travel ,seeing D.travelling,to see析：只接不定式作宾语的有 decide, learn, want, hope, would like 等。题 1 考查“prefer to do rather than do”结构表 “宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事 ”, 据题意选 A。题 2 还考查了 enjoy,finish,keep,mind,give up 等接 v-ing 形式作宾语，故选 C。 Why not_your teacher for help when you cant finish _it by yourself? （20
10、09 甘肃兰州）A.ask,write B.to ask,writing C.ask,writing D.asking,writeDont forget _my parents when youre in Beijing.A. to see B. sees C. seeing（2009 湖南长沙）A。forget to do sth.意为“记住要做的事” ，事情还没有做；而后接 v-ing 形式意为“记住已做的事” ， 事情已经做了。根据语境可知要表达的是“当你在北京时，不要忘记要看望我父母”可知答案 。Everyone should know _to save themselves when
11、 a fire breaks out. （2009 安徽）育网A. whether B. what C. when D. howPlease dont forget _ the room while I am away in Beijing. （2009 四川绵阳）A. clean B. to clean C. cleaned D. cleaning 3.We have worked for three hours .Now lets stop a rest.（05，河北）A.had B.have C.to have D.having4.Bill asked me the songs .He
12、wanted to listen to pop music.（05，兰州）A.to stop to sing B.to stop singing C.stop singing D.stop to sing析： forget, remember, stop 等后跟不定式和 v-ing 形式意义不一样。forget / remember to do sth. 表示“忘记/记住要去做的事” ；而 forget/ remember doing sth. 表示“忘记/记住已做的事” 。stop to do sth. 表“停下来去做另一事” ；stop doing sth.表“停止做某事” 。故分别选 C
13、B。Dad, why should I stop computer games? For your health, my boy.Im afraid you . A. to play, must B. playing, have to C. to play, can D. playing, may（2009 广东深圳）stop doing sth. 意为“停止（正在）做的事情” ，stop to do sth. 意为“停下（正在做的事）去做某事” ，动词不定式短语 to do sth.在句中作动词 stop 的目的状语。上句意为“为什么我要停止玩电脑游戏。 ”可知用 stop doing st
14、h.结构，下句意为“为了你的身体恐怕你不得不这样做”可知强调客观要求用 have to 结构。keep 的常用搭配有：keep （ on）doing sth.继续做某事/keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事/keep from doing sth.阻止做某事 【考例】Hurry up,Tom!Wed better not keep your mother_ us for a long time, or shell be angry . Im coming, Dad. （2009 四川凉山）A. talking with B. waiting for C. catching u
15、p with（选 B）All of us find necessary to take exercise every day. A. this B. that C. it D. them （2009 重庆）【考点透视】不定式作主语，常用 it 作形式主语，把真正的主语后置，即构成 “Its +adj./n.+(for. of) sb. +to do sth.”句型,故选 D。5. We find _impossible to get there before 8:00 oclock. (05,甘肃)A.her B. it C.this D. that 析：此题考查“think / find /
16、 make 等+it+形容词+不定式短语 ”结构，故选 B。Dont you think _ important to protect our earth? （2009 广东）A. that B. how C. it D. thisC。 “find/ it+adj./n. +to do sth.”结构表示“发现做某事” 。类似用法的词还有think ，make 等。该句型中 it 作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语，形容词或名词作宾补，能代替不定式的代词只用 it。6.Would you please tell me this camera? Yes.Its easy.（05，四川）A.where
17、to use B. how to use C.when to use 7Yingtian asked his teacher how he could play the violin well.（05，广州，改为简单句）Yingtian asked his teacher play the violin well.析：t ell,know, decide, teach, learn, find out 等 词 常 接 “疑 问 词 +不 定 式 ”作 宾 语 有 时可 以 与 宾 语 从 句 进 行 相 互 转 换 。 故 题 6 选 B，题 7 填 how to。二、考查不定式作宾补。Let
18、s _ play in the street . Father tells me _ do so. ( 广东 )A. not to not toB. not not toC. dont , to not D. not to dontFranks mother told him_ too much sugar because its bad for his teeth. （2009 贵州贵阳）A.to eat B. not to eat C. eat 【解析】选 C。tell sb. （not）to do sth.表示“告诉某人（别）做某事” ，tell 后要接带 to 的不定式作宾补。不定式的
19、否定式为： not to+动词原形My roommate often asks me _ her to play chess. （2009 山西）A. teach B. teaching C. to teach 【解析】选 C。ask sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“要求某人做某事” ，ask 后要接带to 的不定式作宾补。8.The headmaster told us _at the Science Museum on time. (05,北京)A.arrive B.arrives C.to arrive D. arriving9. Aunt Li often asks he
20、r son too much meat. Its bad for his health. （05,武汉）A.not play B. to play C. not to play D.to not play10. I hope Tina _ to my birthday party on time next Wednesday.(05,甘肃)A. to come B.come C.came D.will come析：ask, tell, warn,teach,wish 等词要跟带（not）to 的不定式作宾补。hope sb.to do sth.是错误结构， “希望本人”要用“hope to d
21、o sth.”结构， “希望别人”要用“hope+宾语从句”结构。故分别选 CCD。Im very tired these days because of studying for phsics. Why not _music? It can make you_ . （2009 湖北黄冈）A. listen to; to relax B. listen to; relax C. listening to; relax D. listening to; to relax【解析】选 B。Why not+动词原形 +？表示“为什么不？” ，排除 C、D ；make sb. do sth. 表示 “使
22、某人做某事 ”，需要注意的是该句型中 sb.后接动词原形。11 Listen!Can you hear a baby _ ? (05,自贡)A.cry B.crying C.cried12Is Wei Fang good at singing ?Yes,she is.We often hear her in the next room.（05,辽宁）A.to sing B.sings C.sing D.sang 13The girl was heard the piano in the next room.（05,兰州）A.plays B.to play C.played D.play析：在主
23、动语态中，see, hear, feel 等感官动词和 make, let, have 等使役动词既可接不带 to 的不定式作宾补, 强调动作已发生了,也可接 v-ing 作宾补，强调动作正在进行。但在被动语态中，这些词后要带 to 的不定式作主语补足语。故分别选BBC。I say Ann _a green dress at the school meeting. I think she looks better _ red.dressed, in B. put on, wear C. wearing, in D. wear, put on（2009 山东烟台）A. Is Jack in th
24、e library?Maybe. I saw him _ out with some books just now. （2009 浙江绍兴）A. going B. go C. to go D. wentThough Alex had often made his little sister_ ,today he was made _by his little sister. （2009 四川凉山）cry; to cry B. to cry; cry C. cry; cry 三、考查不定式作状语My bag is old. Lets go to that shop_ a new one. 21
25、世 09 黔东南州A. to buy B. buy C. buying 21 世纪教育网Since June 1st last year, all the supermarkets have _ free plastic bags.A. to stop to provide B. to stop providing C. stopped to provide D. stopped providing（2009 福建福州）D。根据句中的 Since June 1st last year 可知空格用现在完成时，排除 A、B,再根据语境用 stop doing sth. 结构，意为“停止（正在）做的
26、事情” 。14. The box is too heavy for me _it. （05,南宁）A.carrying B. carries C.carry D. to carry Have you heard of Liu Qian from Taiwan?. Sure! His magic performance is _ amazing for people _forget. （2009 山西）A. so; that B. such ; that C. too ; to Its _ late_ go there on foot now.I think youd better take a
27、 taxi. （2009新疆建设兵团）A. so; that you can B.too; for you to C. so;that you may D. too; you can析：“too to”句型表 “太而不能” ，而 “enoughto/notenoughto”表“足够做/不够” 。当一个句子里带有 too 或 enough 这样的词时，则常用不定式作状语。故选 D。20. A: This question is difficult enough for me to answer in such a short time. B: This question is _ difficu
28、lt _ I cant answer it in such a short time. （2009 湖北孝感）填 so .that。 “tooto+v.”意 为 “太 而 不 能 ”可 以 与 “sothat+否 定 从 句 ” 意 为“如 此 以 至 而 不 能 ”互换。The box is so heavy that I cant lift it. （2009 广东湛江）It is _ _heavy box _ I cant lift it.五、考查不定式作主语Its very _ of you to work out the problem for me. 21 世纪教育网Thats a
29、ll right. 21 世纪教（2009 湖南娄底）育网 A. kind B. clever C. necessary 21 世_(learn)about language etiquette is very important for language learners. (2009 贵州贵阳，用所给单词的适当形式填空) Do you think _is good for you? I think so. （2009 黑龙江绥化）A. read B. reads C. readign2. 填 To learn/Learning。动名词或不定式(短语) 作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式
30、。Its very important us to make a plan before a new term.Yes. You must try to make it carefully.09 湖南娄底A. of B. for C. to Its a good habit a walk after dinner.（2009 山东济南）A. to come B. to be C. to take D. to go【解析】选 B。不定式作主语常用 it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置,构成“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”和“Its +adj./n. +（fo
31、r/of sb. ） to do sth”句型。让老师和学生都开心是我们的目标。It is our aim to_ . （2009 湖北宜昌，完成句子）keep/make (both) teachers and students happy【考点透视】选 A。 “make+宾语+形容词”表示“使 感到” 。根据后句的意思“他们认为昨天种的树会长得好。 ”可知上句的意思应该为“雨使人们感到高兴” 。make 的常用搭配还有：“make+宾语+ 动词原形/make it +形容词+to do sth.”15. Is it always easier friends than to keep the
32、m？（05,甘肃）A.making B. make C.to make D.made16.I know itll me much time to practice it,but Im sure I can learn a lot from it.（05,太原）A.spend B.use C.take析：不定式作主语，常用 it 作形式主语，即构成“Its +adj./n.(for. of) sb. to do” 结构。 “It takes/took /will take sb.sometime to do sth.”也是不定式作主语的常用结构。故分别选 CC。六、考查不定式作定语Last ni
33、ght he had a bed to sleep _, but I had only a chair to sit _. ( 广东 )A. in, on B. x, x C. on, in D. in, to Mum, can I have something_?Oh, dear. You can only drink some water. There is_ in the kitchen. A. to drink; nothing else B. drinking; something elseC. to eat; something else D. eating; nothing el
34、se(2009 江苏宿迁)A。根据答语 You can only drink some water.可排除、D，动词不定式( 短语)作定语修饰名词或代词时,一般要后置 类似的过去分词短语作定语修饰名词时，也要后置例如：The boy called Kate is from Canada.17. What about going swimming with me?Sorry.I have a lot of homework . （05,新疆）A.to do B.done C.do D. to be done析：不定式作定语的要把它放在修饰的名词之后；若这个不定式为不及物动词，它后面就应有必要的介
35、词。如：She has no paper to write on.她没有写字的纸。故选 A。七、考查不定式的特殊结构18.You look rather tired . _stop to have a rest?All right.（05,烟台） A. Why not B. How about C. Why not to D.Why dont 19.You _and look for your sister now . （05,兰州）A.had better not go B.hadnt better goC.had better not to go D.had not better to g
36、o析：常用不带 to 的不 定 式 句型有： had better (not) +do sth., hear/see /let/make sb.+do sth.,Why not +do sth.?， Will / Would you please +do sth. ？等。故分别选 AA。excited/exciting 的辨析They waited and waited for something _ to happen. （2009 河南）A. excite B. excited C. exciting D. to excite答案简析C。根据语境可以知道要用动词 excite 的形容词形式
37、,排除 AD, excited 意为 “激动的;兴奋的” ，exciting 意为 “令人激动的; 令人兴奋的 ” ，作表语时前者常为人作主语,后者常为物作主语;作定语时常用-ing 形式。句中作定语，故选 D。【拓展】worry, interest, bore,surprise,amaze 等后接-ed/-ing 形式都可以作表语和定语, -ed 形式多用来修饰人;-ing 形式多用来修饰物。Wow! There are so many books. I really cant decide _.（山东东营）A. where to buy B. which to buy C. what to
38、 buy D. how to buyWould you mind my little sister while I am away?Of course not. （山东淄博）A. looking for B. looking at C. looking after D. looking forward toMay I listen to the music here, Mr. White?Sorry, youd better it like that. （山东淄博）A. not to do B. not do C. dont do D. not do toThe small child was
39、 not old enough to _ himself. （四川绵阳）A. have B. wear C. dress D. putMy bag is old. Lets go to that shop_ a new one. 学科学科网黔东南州网 A. to buy B. buy C. buying 学科网She wont let her daughter _ by the river. （宁夏）A. play B. plays C. to play D. playingThe boy isnt to dress himself. （四川泸州）A. old enough B. enough old C. old星沙英语网 专稿
