1、 代词知识清单一.代词的分类代词是用来代替名词（或名词性结构）的词。九类：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，相互代词，指示代词，不定代词，疑问代词，连接代词和关系代词。 （人物反相指，不疑连关词）二.代词详解人称代词人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称数格 单 复 单 复 单 复主格 I we he she they宾格 me usyouhim heritthem人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称数 单 复 单 复 单 复形容词性 my our your her their名词性 mine ours yourshishersitstheirs一、定义 谁 二、定格谁的谁自己口诀：主格放在动词前，宾格
2、放在动介后，形物代见到名词往前站，形物代放在名词前，若有名词在，不用名物代，名物代一般不用在句首，除非前文有铺垫。用法：主格宾格区别：主格放在动词前，宾格放在动介后， 作主语(用主格）如: We eat to live; we dont live to eat. 作宾语（用宾格）如: They gave him some books.注意：人称代词作主语，其后不带谓语动词时，在口语中常用宾格。如: Does anyone know him?Me.形物代，名物代区别：后有名，只用形物代。形容词性的物主代词:只用作定语如: I havent got your name. 名词性物主代词: 可用作主
3、，宾，表语。如: Hers is a new bike.I dont like hers.Victory will be ours.反身代词常跟反身代词的词：1enjoy oneself = have a good time = have fun2. learn by oneself = teach oneself I learn English by myself.I teach myself English.3. dress oneselfThe baby can dress itself. (注意:不知性别，用 it 代替)4. help oneself to 请自便Help yours
4、elves to some fish，children. (黑体字考点)5. say to oneself = talk to oneself 自言自语6. lose oneself 迷失自我，沉醉于7. by oneself 由谁自己8. kill oneself 自杀9. hurt oneself 自残10. come to oneself 苏醒Sleeping beauty came to herself at last.DIY = Do it yourself. 自己做不定代词1复合不定代词some- -thingany- -bodyno- -oneevery- -whereA 词意辨
5、析There are not any books on the desk.同义句 There are no books on the desk.重要 no 互换 not anyno longer 互换 not any longerno one 互换 nobodyI can do nothing. 同义句 I cant do anything.nothing 互换 not anythingeverything = anythingeveryone = anybodyB 做主语，谓单There is nothing in the forest.森林里万籁俱寂.Everything is possi
6、ble. 一切皆有可能.Nothing is impossible for a willing heart. 心之所愿,无所不成.Because impossible is Im possible.Nothing is impossible.Somebody comes.C 有修饰,修饰在后西方新娘结婚时必戴四样东西something old, something new, something borrowed, something blueTheres nothing interesting in todays newspaper.2.There is little milk in the
7、kitchen，lets buy som e.(后句和 milk 提示用 little)3. both 两者都 谓复neither（no either） 两者都不 谓单either 两者中的一个Which do you like better，tea or coffee？Neither，I prefer juice. the side of the street the bank of the riverThere are many buildings on both sides of the street.There are many buildings on either side of
8、the street.4. none 三者都不， all 三者或以上全部， every 三者以上每个None of us three is student.区别：every = 3 侧重整体（每个人组成的团队）each =2 侧重个体类似 people 和 person 的区别We each like Pop music.Each of us likes Pop music.every of 错 every 不能跟 of 搭配each 可以跟 of 搭配none （后可指代人可指代物） none of 对 how many 的回答 没一个no one （只指人） no one of 错 对 w
9、ho 的回答 没人none 指没有某种东西 上文所指nothing 空的，啥也没有 empty1)What is in the box？Its empty. There is nothing in it.2) Can I have some more coffee?Sorry, there is none(咖啡是一种东西) in the kitchen.the others = the other + 复名little a little 不可数few a few 复数不多(否定) 有点(肯定)5. another the other 另一个others the others 另一些泛指 特指
10、区别other adj. 其它的什么东西other studentssomeothers 一些，另一些背： 用于两者的不定代词：neither(否) ， both（肯） ，onethe other.the others = the other studentsthe other 中 other 是代词the other students 中 other 是形容词another three days = three other days = three more days6. some/anysome 用于肯定句，any 用于否定疑问句。特殊：some 用语疑问句A 想给Would you li
11、ke some water？ What about.?/ How about ?B 想要Could you give me some books？any 用于肯定表任何Anyone knows this word.There is(谓单) some(某) house near the house. it 表时间与天气，金钱与距离常用物它 it，性别不清 it 现，形主形宾是考点。It is seven oclock。 （时间）It is a sunny day today。 （天气）It is three kilometers from my home to my school。1） Who
12、is singing in the next room？It must be Mr Wang。身份不确定用 it2） It is adj. for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事怎样。It is difficult to study English。It 是形式主语，to study English 是真正主语I find it difficult to study English well。It 形式宾语，真正的宾语是 to study English *think/feel/find 常被翻译成“认为” 。3）it 和 one 的区别one 同类不同一it 同类又同一I like pet dogs. Can you buy one for me?I like the pet dog. Can you buy it for me?指示代词 this/that, 常用于比较级中，表示比较对象these/those The car made in China is more expensive than that made in Japan.The cars made in China are more-expensive than those made in Japan.
