1、1,大作文命题趋势及审题,2000 Directions:A. Study the following two pictures carefully and write and essay of at least 150 words.B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.C. Your essay should meet the requirements below:1. Describe the pictures.2. Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures.3.
2、 Suggest countermeasures.,2,A brief History of World Commercial Fishing,3,2001 Directions: Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone has his/her own understanding of it. There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the
3、 newspaper to 1) show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below, 2) give a specific example, and 3) give your suggestion as to the best way to show love. You should write about 200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.,4,5,2002 Directions: Study the following picture carefully and write an
4、essay entitled “Cultures National and International“. In the essay you should 1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and 2) give your comment on the phenomenon. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.,6,7,图画作文的写作原则： 以小见大 把握象征寓意 个体想为群体 具体想为抽象,8,2003 Directions: 1) descr
5、ibe the set of drawings and interpret its meaning2) point out its implications in our life. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.,9,温室里的花朵经不起风雨,10,2004 Directions: Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1) describe the drawing2) interpret its
6、 meaning, and3) support your view with examplesYou should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.,11,终点又是新起点,12,2005 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing the interpret its meaning, and give your comme
7、nt on it.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.,13,14,2006 Directions: Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should 1. describe the photos briefly,2. interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and3. give your point of view.You should write 160-200 words nea
8、tly on ANSWER SHEET 2.,15,16,2007 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then 3) support your view with an example/examples. You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.,
9、17,18,2008 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly，2)explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2.,19,20,2009 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 wor
10、ds based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly，2)explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2.,21,网络的“近”与“远,22,2010 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your
11、 essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly，2)explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2.,23,24,2011 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly，2)e
12、xplain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2.,25,26,趋势： 图画作文为主 (提纲+图画) 三点提纲： 第一段图画描述 第二段意义阐释 第三段归纳结论或建议措施 审题：辩证地分析问题,27,Paragraph One,Sentence One: 总体描述如图所示，人物/动物/事物+动作+环境1. As is vividly / subtly / symbolically described / depicted / portrayed
13、 / illustrated / shown / revealed in the cartoon / drawing / picture / photo,2. The cartoon / drawing / picture / photo vividly / subtly / symbolically described / depicted / portrayed / illustrated / shown / revealed that3. It is vividly / subtly / symbolically described / depicted / portrayed / il
14、lustrated / shown / revealed in the cartoon / drawing / picture / photo that,28,Paragraph One,Sentence Two: 细节描述挖掘细节词，串联成句（若有难度，可省略）,29,Paragraph One,Sentence Three: 1.翻译图画的中文文字说明The caption reads / indicates that + 文字说明We are informed that + 文字说明2. 或点出图画的象征寓意The purpose of the picture is to show us
15、 due attention has to be paid to + 象征寓意The aim of the cartoonist / painter / photographer is to show us that utmost importance / significance should be attached to + 象征寓意,30,2009,As is vividly depicted in the picture above, (within a stretching spider web), many people, (old and young, men and women
16、), are using the Internet (in front of computers). Obviously, the spider web symbolizes the Internet and it is hard to say whether the Internet is making people closer to each other or making them farther away from each other(点出象征寓意）.,31,2010,The drawing, (which is a boiling hotpot), vividly capture
17、s a plethora of Chinese and western cultural ingredients (encompassing literature, science, philosophy, the performing arts and so on.) The illustrative line beneath the cultural “hotpot” describes it as both delicious and nutritious.,32,2011,As is vividly depicted in the drawing, two young tourists
18、 (on a sightseeing boat) are throwing waste into the lake, (which is unfortunately already covered with various floating rubbish like plastic containers, food wrappings, etc.) The caption below the picture says: Leftovers of Traveling.,33,2002,34,Look! What a beautiful girl! She must be 20 years old
19、, dressing some jewels and accessories. She looks like one of my classmates, only a bit fatter. She is smiling like an angler to me. How I wish to take a photo with her!,35,2002,This is a very interesting picture of a lovely American girl dressed in traditional Chinese costume with a sweet smile on
20、her face. She wears a pearl necklace, colorful ribbons, earrings, and other accessories that are characteristic of the clothes of a Chinese minor nationality. It is obvious that as a result of our open-door policy, more and more foreigners visit China and become interested in our national culture, w
21、hich is making it go international.,36,37,2005,The cartoon displays a very special and thought-provoking football game: the four goals are kept by an old mans three sons and one daughter while the old man himself becomes the ball, being kicked among the four corners by his “beloved” children. It is
22、clearly indicated that none of them is willing to spare a tiny portion of time and money to repay their old father who has raised them.,38,2003,The above two pictures have shaped sharp contrast to each other. In one picture, a flower grows in a greenhouse and is in full bloom in spite of the outside
23、 rain. But in the other, after being moved outside, the flower, without the protection of the greenhouse, cannot stand the storm at all.,39,2000,The pictures unveil a drastic change of ocean ecology during the past century due to the expanding scale of world commercial fishing. There were few fishin
24、g ships on the sea in the 1900 when an enormous number of fish swam freely; in contrast, in 1995 a large fleet of ships were endeavoring to search for the only fish in the sea.,40,41,2006,As is vividly portrayed in the two photos above, blind idol worship has become a craze among young people nowada
25、ys. The man in the left photo has Beckham, the name of an international football star, drawn on his face while the man in the right photo spends 300 yuan in having his hair cut in the same hairstyle as Beckhams. what is revealed in the photos is most thought-provoking.,42,第一段写作练习,football match, foo
26、tball field, goalkeeper/keeper, goal, defend/guard/keep the goal, striker, forward, attacking player, be ready to shoot / kick, be ready to score the goal into the net,43,disabled / handicapped man, crutches,44,第一段写作练习,2007As we can see from the picture, a football match is going on. (总体描述) On guard
27、ing the goal, the man on the left seems to be keeping a “huge goal” that is easy and inevitable for a goal, while the person on the right hesitates to kick the ball with an illusion about the “huge keeper”. (细节描述) It is obvious that both of them exaggerate the difficulties in front of them.(点出图画寓意),
28、45,This cartoon humorously presents a scene of a football game with the two rivals facing each other. (总体描述) The striker on one team is preparing to make a decisive shoot while the goalkeeper on the opposite team is posing for defense. However, under overwhelming pressure both of them are losing the
29、ir confidence. (点出图画寓意)意)The striker magnifies the goalkeeper in his mind so that chances of shooting in are slim. Likewise, the goalkeeper minimizes his own image as if he couldnt defend the goal successfully. (细节描述),46,2008As is vividly depicted in the picture, two disabled men are running fast th
30、rough teamwork although each of them has only one leg. (总体描述) Obviously, it is teamwork that makes it possible for them to go anywhere they want to. (点出图画寓意),47,As is subtly portrayed in the drawing, two handicapped young men are heading towards their destination with vigorous strides, leaving all t
31、heir crutches behind. (总体描述) On their journey, the hardship of disability is no longer an obstacle, and they support each other with firm hands and proceed steadily. (细节描述) The caption indicates that they can travel extensively with combined legs. (点出图画寓意),48,Paragraph Two,Part One (sentence one): 主
32、题句 (点出图画的象征寓意或力图揭示的社会问题) 首段尾句 / 第二段首句 句型变化,49,常用句型： (首段尾句没有提出观点) From the picture, we can conclude that the painter wants to convey such a message that It is apparent that the cartoonist aims at reminding us that / reminding us of It is most obvious that the drawer means to remind us that / remind u
33、s of Evidently the cartoon focuses on the currently pervasive cultural / social phenomenon of The exaggerative and impressive cartoon has subtly revealed the fact that Apparently, the purpose of the picture is to emphasize the importance of Through the artistic presentation, we can be easily reminde
34、d of a popular phenomenon in todays society, that is, The drawing, thought-provoking as it is, does mirror a current social phenomenon that,50,常用句型： (首段尾句提出观点) The implied meaning of the drawing should be taken into account seriously. (通用) Simple as it is, what the picture conveys to us is thought-p
35、rovoking. (通用) The social phenomenon reflected by the picture is not uncommon in China now. (通用)(to be continued),51,常用句型： (首段尾句提出观点) There are several reasons for this phenomenon.(因果 论证) There may be a combination of factors which contribute to this social phenomenon.(因果论证) The picture, although/th
36、ough a little exaggerating and satirical at first glance, can make us ponder: why does this phenomenon appear? (因果论证) Different people hold different views as far as this problem is concerned.(正反论证),52,Paragraph Two,Part Two (about three sentences): 论证常用的四种论证 1. 因果论证 (阐述具体现象并分析解释其产生原因)前因后果 / 前果后因 （至
37、少两点原因）常用句型 / 关联词万能原因：the development of economy / society / science and technologyglobalizationquickened pace of modern life / modern lifestylepeoples lack of . awareness,53,2007 Why do we need confidence?,Firstly, it is well-known that we exist in a dynamic world with various difficulties. We can d
38、o nothing but face them. Secondly, attitude is the key point to take the first step. Assuming bravery and confidence to solve the problem, you will find the question is not as “huge” as you imagine.,54,Paragraph Two,Part Two (about three sentences): 论证常用的四种论证 2. 举例论证 (论证比较抽象的观点)两种例子：自己身边的或社会热点例子常用句型
39、： for example / instancetakefor exampleA case in point is Numerous examples can be given, but the following one will suffice.I can think of no better illustration than the following one(s).This / these case(s) effectively clarify that,55,2001 爱心 2003 温室里的花朵经不起风雨 2004 终点即是新起点 2007 自信 2008 合作,56,2007
40、自信 Take us for example. The entrance exam for graduate students even seems to be a horrible monster before us. Some people give up, some persist. So, with confidence and the right assessment of the difficulties, try and exert your strength, and then we will overcome all problems.,57,2009 网络 For inst
41、ance, we can buy a book on the net instead of going to a bookstore. Besides, we can communicate with our friends on the net without going out of home.,58,Paragraph Two,Part Two (about three sentences): 论证常用的四种论证3. 正反论证辩证地看问题2006 追星2009 网络,59,Paragraph Two,Part Two (about three sentences): 论证常用的四种论证
42、4. 联系现实(论证比较抽象的观点)图画作文的写作原则：以小见大 把握象征寓意个体想为群体 具体想为抽象,60,2002 Cultures National and InternationalThrough the artistic presentation, we can be easily reminded of a new global tendency, that is, people of different nations begin to seek profound mutual understanding and friendly communication. Apparent
43、ly, the American girl in the picture represents western people while the beautiful costume she is wearing symbolizes the traditional Chinese culture. The fact that she is content with showing the costume indicates that many foreigners are becoming to recognize and appreciate Chinese culture.,61,2008
44、 合作 The two disabled/handicapped young people represents a great many adolescents. Their broken legs symbolize the shortcomings/weaknesses/disadvantages of the juvenile. The fact that they support each other with firm hands indicates that a good many youngsters cooperate with others.,62,2010 文化融合 Th
45、e hotpot represents cultural integration while the stuff in it, such as Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, the Enlightenment, humanism and post-modernism can naturally be with associated with multi-cultural ingredients. The fact that the cultural hotpot is both delicious and nutritious indicates that c
46、ultural blending should be encouraged and maintained.,63,Paragraph Two,Part Three: 小结概括 总结本段，与第二段主题句前后呼应，可省略,64,Paragraph Two 详细结构：总-分-总 / 总-分 第一句：引出话题/观点 第二句：分论点一 第三句：解释，支持分论点一 第四句：分论点二 第五句：解释，支持分论点二 （第六句：总结）,65,Paragraph Three,归纳结论 / 建议措施 Part One (sentence one): 主题句（呼应第二段提到的图画象征寓意）常用句型:,66,Paragr
47、aph Three,归纳结论 / 建议措施 Part Two (about two sentences): 评论或建议万能建议：(the government) make relevant laws and regulations(the people) enhance their awareness of / education,67,Paragraph Three,归纳结论 / 建议措施 Part Three (last sentence): 包装结尾，展望未来三大优秀句型：倒装句强调句虚拟语气,68,倒装句：Only in this way can we not only make fu
48、ll use of the modern technology but also enhance our interpersonal relationships. 强调句：Obviously, it is teamwork that makes it possible for them to go anywhere they want to. 虚拟语气：It is high time that we solved the problem.It is imperative that the government make strict laws to control commercial fis
49、hing.,69,2000 商业捕鱼Therefore/hence/accordingly, it is imperative/necessary for us to take drastic/effective/some measures /steps / actions. For one thing, we should appeal to our government/authorities to make/legislate/enact/issue strict laws and regulations to control/regulate commercial fishing. F
50、or another, we should enhance / cultivate/ increase the awareness/sense of people that the ocean resources are significant /vital / essential /crucial to us. Only in this way/by doing so can we protect our ocean resources. Also, I assume / maintain /reckon that we humans can overcome/surmount this difficulty, and we will have a brighter/more brilliant future.,
