1、高二英语导学案Unit 5 The Power of Nature课标要求：1. 话题：volcanoes and the work of volcanologists1. 词汇，词组，句型2. 功能：情感：喜悦，恐惧，焦虑，惊奇3. 语法： 复习-ing 形式。内容概述：本单元的中心话题是火山，飓风，地震和洪水等自然灾害。本单元引导学生讨论这些问题，目的在于让他们了解自然的威力，认识到人类只有保护自然，才能有效地预防自然灾害并改造和利用自然。教学重点：1了解火山，飓风，地震和洪水等自然灾害，并认识到人类只有保护自然，才能有效地预防自然灾害。2学习有关火山，飓风，地震和洪水等自然灾害的词汇。3
2、学会表达喜悦，恐惧，焦虑和惊奇等情感的日常交际用语。4进一步巩固动词 ING 形式作状语的用法。5学习描述一种自然灾害。课时安排：Periods needed: 7Period 1 Warming up, Pre-readingPeriod 2 Reading and ComprehendingPeriod 3 Language StudyPeriod 4 GrammarPeriod 5 Using languagePeriod 6 WritingPeriod 7 Summing upPeriod 1 Warming up, Pre-reading课型： 热身，预读知识要点：1. 重点单词和短
3、语：diagram, volcano, erupt, eruption, ash, hurricane, questionnaire, equipment, appoint, evaluate, wave, fountain, absolutely, suit; compared with, erupt into/in, burn to the ground, make ones way to2. To learn about some facts and views about volcano erupting.Step 1 Warming up: Look at the diagram o
4、n the right on Page 33. It shows a volcano erupting. (a list of natural disasters: such as earthquake, snowstorm, flood, drought)(Some new words: volcano, volcanology, volcanologist, erupt, eruption, ash, crater, lava. hurricane, Magma chamber, dormant, extinct volcanoes, )Step 2 Pre-readingCan you
5、imagine climbing into a live volcano in order to measure the temperature of the boiling rock inside? Can you imagine doing such dangerous work as part of your job?(Questionnaire on Page 33)Step 3 Reading and comprehending1. Fast reading:Ask students to skim the passage so as to get the key words and
6、 general idea of each paragraph and answer the question: Whats the main idea of the text?2. Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions. (1) What is the writer?(2) When did he first see an eruption? How did it look like?(3) What was he wearing when getting close to the crater? And
7、what was the result?Step 4 Language Study重点单词： 1. diagram 9. appoint2. volcano 10. evaluate3. erupt 11. wave4. eruption 12. fountain5. ash 13. absolutely6. hurricane 14. suit7. questionnaire 15. potential8. equipment 16. actual重点短语：1 与 相比 2 突然发生3 全部焚毁4 前往重点句式：1. I was fast asleep when suddenly my be
8、d began shaking and i heard a strange sound, like a railway train passing my window.2. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience. I stayed at the top and watched them.Step 5 Homework: Page 35 exercise 1Period 2 Reading and Com
9、prehending课型：阅读课学习目的： 1 训练阅读技巧，培养快速阅读，猜词，找中心句的能力。2 掌握部分知识点。3 几个复合句的理解教学过程：Step 1 Lead-inStep 2: Fast reading: Read the passage An Exciting Job as quickly as you can and try to get the main idea of the passage.What is the main idea of the passage?A. An eruption occurred in Hawaii.B. A volcanologists
10、job is exciting.C. A volcanologists exciting job and his first sight of an eruption.D. A sight of an eruption is horrible.Step 3: Detailed reading:1. Reading the first and the second paragraphs and finish the following tasks.1). Why is a volcanologists job important?2). The writer doesnt mind the oc
11、casional danger of his job because .A. he travels to unusual places and meets interesting people from all over the world.B. he thinks his job the most importantC. he likes the different ways of workingD. he is excited about danger and feels alive.3). As a result of the vocanologists job, A. other sc
12、ientists predict the progress of lava from the volcanoB. many people have been warned to leave their homes.C. the eruption causes less damageD. the eruption may be prevented from breaking out2. Read the third and the fourth paragraphs and finish the following tasks.1). What does the writer mean by u
13、sing “lucky” in the sentence “I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it”?A. He felt much safer on the top while the other two scientists climbed into the crater.B. It was his first sight of an eruption.C. It was the first time for him to watch the crater.D. Both B and C.Step 4: Searching r
14、eading:1. I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage. “Potential” means:A. possibility B. opportunity2. Translate the following sentence into Chinese.Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well s their potential to ca
15、use great damage.Step 5 Homework:完成第 36 页的 1，2 练习。Period 3 Language Study课型：语言点学习课程目标：学习阅读部分重点难点单词，短语和句型。教学过程：重点知识点梳理及巩固：1. volcano n. pl. volcanoes 活火山 an active volcano 死火山 an extinct volcano 休眠火山 a dormant volcano火山学 volcanology火山学家 volcanologist 2. erupt v.1)（火山）爆发，喷发维苏威火山已经多年没有爆发了。Mount Vesuviu
16、s _ _ for a good many years。2)（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然发生，爆发街头暴力可以在没有明显原因的情况下爆发。Violence in street can erupt for no apparent reason.erupt into laughter/shouting/crying, etc.突然大笑/叫喊/大哭他毫无理由地大笑起来。He _ _ _ without any reason3. equipment n. 设备， 装备 （不可数名词）a piece of equipment 一台设备equip v. 配备： 装备equip sb/sth with s
17、th 用。 。 。 。装备起来/ 使具备。 。 。 。the boy _ _ _ food and water and then set off.孩子们配备好食物和水就出发了。4 appoint v 任命，委派， 安排， 确定（时间，地点） appointment n. 约会，委派appoint sb as/to be 任命某人为。 。 。 。appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事appoint a time/place for sth./to do sth 确定时间，地点做某事he _ _ _chairman. 他被任命为主席Miss wang _ _ _in the li
18、brary. 王小姐被委派到图书馆工作。Please _ _ _ the meeting. 请安排开会时间。5 Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast it will flow。（翻译）1) evaluate 评估，评价没见过他的工作，我无法评估他的能力。I cannot _ without seeing his work.2) evaluation n. C
19、 ，U 评估，评价，评估报告They made an intensive evaluation of the health care program.（翻译） 6. warn sb. (of /against sth.) sb. to do sb. that 1)I wont warn you again.2) The people _ _ _ the danger of flooding.(warn)3) The doctor _me not _ drink.(warn)（=The doctor _- me _ drinking.)4) I _ you that it is dangerou
20、s to go out alone at night.(warn)7. burn to the ground 完全(楼房等)烧毁他无处栖身因为他的房子被烧掉了.He has no place to live in because his house has been _ _ _ _.burn away 烧掉 ,烧光木头已烧成灰烬.The wood had _ _ _- nothing.burn down(建筑物 )全部被烧毁电影院去年被烧伤了.The cinema _ _ last yearburn off： to destroy by burning 烧掉他在事故中严重受伤,头发也被烧掉了.
21、He was badly injured in the accident, and all his hair _ _ _burn out: to make hollow by fire; to stop working through damage caused by heat(由于过热而)烧坏引擎被烧坏了.The engine had _ _. burn up 烧毁烧尽 to destroy completely by fire；烧得更亮/旺 to flame more brightly or strongly火箭重入地球大气层时烧毁.The rocket burnt up when it
22、reentered the earths atmosphere.他往火上加木材想让它烧得更旺.He put more wood on the fire to make it burn up.8. absolute adj. 完全的，真实的Its an absolute fact.absolutely adv. 完全地，无条件地,完全对absolutely right 十分对，对极了，当然-Do you agree with me.-_A. Very absolutely B Rather absolutelyC Nearly absolutely D No absolutely9. make
23、ones way 向某地走去, 有出息她犹豫了一下,但向前走去.She hesitated, but _.她快速离开房间,朝她床边走去.She hastily left the room , and _ _.你若想要有出息,趁年轻的时候要学会发奋If you want to _, you must learn to work hard while you are still young.10. make way (for)让路,让位所有的车辆都得给救火车让路.All the traffic has to _ _.我将把职务让给更年轻的人.I shall _ feel one way 摸索前进p
24、ush ones way 挤过find ones way 找到路，设法到达go ones way 走自己的路，我行我素fight ones way 奋勇前进wind ones /its way 蜿蜒前进lose ones way 迷路if you want to _you must learn to work hard while you are still young.A make you way B make its wayC make a way D make the wayHer parents told her not to _when she picked up mushrooms
25、 in the forest.A find her way B go her wayC lose her way D feel her way 完成句子1. She has no place to live in because her house _(已经被全部焚毁)。(burn)2. With the help of the telescope, you can see the ruins _(远处).(distance)3. After admiring the beautiful view, she _(前往)the next destination. (make)4. We want
26、 each student _(展示出他们的全部潜力). (show)5. They huddled together to _(免受)the wind. (protect)6. I kept complaining but nobody _(注意). (notice)7. The room _(装备)modern facilities, so it is convenient to contact with others. (equip)8. He _(委派)work for the United Nations. (appoint)9. I had better hurry, for I
27、_(约定) him at 10:00a.m. (appointment)10. They _(做评估)the system and found it of great use.(evaluation)Period 4 Grammar 课型：语法，现在分词作状语学习目的：掌握本单元语法。教学过程：分词做状语（单元语法讲解）分词是动词的三种非限定形式之一，分为两种：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词的形式是“动词原形+ing”;规则的过去分词在动词原形后加“ed” 。分词也具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带状语宾语等。分词的否定式在分词前加 not (例如：not whishing, not h
28、aving received). 分词做状语时表示的动作是主语的一部分，与谓语表示的动作（或状态）是同时或几乎同时发生的，有时先于谓语的动作发生。分词做状语一般于其他成分用逗号分开。分词可以做时间，原因，方式，条件，结果，目的，让步等状语。由于该语法对高中生做题过程中易出错，特此提出一些做题思路，以备同学们参考：1 题型结构： _，S+V+O.（多把表时间，原因，条件，目的状语等放句前）S+V+O,_. （表结果，伴随的状语等放句后）逗号前后没有连词连接（and, but, when, as, where, however,等） ，就构成了非谓语做状语的基本前提，现在分词的主动式主要是与句中主
29、语逻辑上的一种主谓关系（） ，现在分词的被动式主要是与句中主语逻辑上的一种动宾关系；现在分词的进行式是指分词所表示的动作（或状态）与句中动作同时或几乎同时发生，现在分词的完成式是指分词所表示的动作（或状态）一定先于句中谓语动作发生。Eg.1. Seeing from the hilltop, he was delighted to see a wonderful view.主动关系同时关系此句中，逗号前后无连词连接故不能同时出现两个简单句，see 逻辑主语是 he,他们之间是一种主谓关系（主动） ，see 动作与 be delighted to see 几乎是同时性（同时） ，因此seeing
30、(主动，进行)符合要求，相当与一个时间状语从句：when he saw from the hilltop, he was delighted to see a wonderful view。2.Seen from the hilltop, the valley looked like a wonderland.(从山顶上看去，峡谷宛若仙境。) 在本句中，see 与 the valley 构成了逻辑上的动宾关系即 可理解为“峡谷”是被看的，而峡谷的美（宛若仙境）是本身存在的事实，因此用过去分词强调 see 与主语 the valley的 被动关系即可。3. Seen from the pagod
31、a, the south foot of the Purple Mountain is a sea of trees.从这个塔上远眺，紫金山南麓是树的海洋。4. Having written an important letter, I listened to the music for a while.此句中 write 与 I 是逻辑上的主谓关系（主动） ，write 动作先于句中 listen to the music 的动作，故用 having written(主动，完成)作状语。5Having been written in haste, the essay was not wort
32、h reading.此句中 the essay 与 write 是被动关系，write 动作先于 be worth reading 之前 是同时强调被动完成，所以选用 Having been written(被动，完成)，该分词表原因。为了使同学们更好地理解，特分类如下：1) 作时间状语时相当与 when 引导的时间状语从句。这类状语通常放在句子的前半部分,也可至于句子后面，若两个动作同时发生，可在分词前用 when 或 while 表示强调。Eg. Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai. (When they hear
33、d the news ,they)When leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us.Having finished his homework, he watched TV for a while.2) 作原因状语相当于 as, since, because 引导的从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。Eg: Being a layman in matters of culture, I would like to study them. .(As I am a layman in matters of culture, I wo
34、uld like to study them. )The doctor, not wanting to make the patient nervous, did not explain the seriousness of his illness.3) 作条件状语相当于 if, unless 等引导的从句这类状语一般放在句子的前半部分。Eg: Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.(If you turn to the right, you ) United we stand, divided we
35、 fall. 团结就是胜利，分裂必然失败。4）作让步状语相当于 though ,even if 等引导的从句。表示让步的状语要放句前，一般不可放在句尾，但前有连词时例外。Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasnt tried her best.(A though I admit what she has said, I still think)尽管承认她所说的话，但我仍然认为她没有尽最大的努力。Granting his honesty, we still cant employ him.就算他是诚实的，我们也不能雇佣他。4
36、) 作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换，但可以改成并列句，通常放句后。He walked down the hill, singing softly to himself.(He walked down the hill and sang softly to himself.)Kneeling and shutting her eyes, she prayed to the goddess.She stood by the window watching the sunsets.The boy run home , crying5) 作结果状语相当于 so that 引导的从句。这类状语通常放
37、在句子的后半部分，并有逗号同前面的句子成分隔开，长可以译为“于是，所以，或因此”等。这种分词的逻辑主语即可以是句子的主语，也可以是前边的整个句子，如果逻辑主语是前边的整个句子，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。Eg: The old scientist died all of a sudden, leaving the project unfinished.He turned off the lamp,(thereby) seeing nothing.The output of steel increased by 15% last year, reaching 30,000 tons.以上是
38、我们对分词做状语简单了解，但在具体作题中会碰到很多问题，如何准确判断，总结如下：1） 有一类题，和分词做状语结构相似，但他是一种独立成分做状语，无需考虑逻辑主语的主被动关系，动作的完成或同时，所以称之为独立成分，请牢记以下内容：According to (根据)Judging from/by(由判断)Considering(鉴于)Provided/providing that（如果）Compared to/with(与 相比较)Supposing that(假设，如果)Generally speaking 一般说来Frankly speaking 坦白地说Properly speaking 正
39、确的说来To tell you the truth说实话Takinginto consideration 考虑到Seeing 考虑到Saving 除了，除非Assuming 假使Admitting 虽说，即使 Given 如果 Eg: Given another chance ,Ill do it better.Given time, hell make a first class writer.(2003,北京，28)Judging from his accent, he is from the north.Considering your age, youd better live wit
40、h your son.Generally speaking, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality. 2)另一类题是由 be +p.p.+ prep+n/pron/v-ing，要么是被动语态，要么是表一种状态，此结构，一般情况去 be 后，可把分词直接用做状语。be satisfied with be excited about be pleased with； be surprised at be married to be engaged to ；be accepted by be followed by be face
41、d with； be driven by be interested in be lost in thought； be used to/as/for be armed with be surrounded by； be born in be dressed in eg: be filled with ； be covered with/by 练一练：A.作时间状语： eg.)_ (hear) the bad news, they couldnt help crying. = _, they couldnt help crying. When/ While( _ _ ) _ (take) ar
42、ound the city, we were deeply impressed by the citys new look. While/When (I was) _ (wander) through the square, I caught sight of a snake-charmer._ (finish) his work, he went home. B.作原因状语： Eg.) _ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad. _ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder
43、. _ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post. _ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away. _ (not know) her address, we couldnt get in touch with her. _ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost. _ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up. C.方式 /伴随状语; Eg.) 1.The teache
44、r stood there, _ (surround) by a lot of students. 1 surroundedD.作条件状语： Eg.)_ (give) another chance, I would have done the job far better. =_ , I would have done the job far better. E.作结果状语：( 意料中的结果 ) Eg.) The hunters fired, _(shoot) one of the wolves. The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _ (ca
45、use) the delay. 区别: 不定式表示意外的结果 eg.) He hurried to the station, only _ (find) the train had left.分词作状语时, 需注意事项: A.分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语通常应是_ : _ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful. _ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city. A 句中主语，seen, seeing高考链接：（2007，浙江，20）_ by a greater demand for veget
46、ables, farmers have built more green house.A Driven B .Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven。2.（2004 北京 29）_in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had his wallet at home. A To wait B have waited C Having waited D To have waited三Reading for funMr. Briggs got a job with an insurance company(保险公司) after he left school and went around visiting people in their homes to sell them life insurance. One day, after he had been working for the company
