1、云南省昆明第一中学 2018 届高三第八次月考英语试卷第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 A、B、C、D 中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOrganizations that support women and promote equality and fairness in wages, in behavior, and with opportunities have spent years putting womens rights first as their missions
2、. Check out the institutions that are helping fight for whats fair, no matter where women are in the world.School Girls UniteThis nonprofit deals with education discrimination among young women in developing countries. In Mali, Africa, for example, only one in four girls make it to the 7th grade. Sc
3、hool Girls Unite sponsors the girls education, often at a cost as little as $75 per child, and follows them to complete their education.Every Mother CountsModel Christy Turlington Burns founded this activist group that seeks to improve medical care for mothers around the world by training profession
4、als, improving transportation to care facilities, and donating crucial supplies to clinics. The organization has arranged funds that have improved mother mortality rates in Tanzania, Haiti, and India.ANITA B. ORGSince 1987, this social enterprise has pursued the mission statement of founder Anita Bo
5、rg by putting women in a position to excel in the technology field. The group provides resources for education in coding and diversity both in the U.S. and abroad. In India, they organize career fairs for women only, offering companies the chance to improve their gender diversity in the workforce.Dr
6、ess For SuccessWearing appropriate clothes for a job interview is vital for potential employees. For over 20 years, the caregivers at Dress for Success have been helping women realize their professional goals by providing suits they might not otherwise be able to afford. The nonprofit accepts clothi
7、ng donations and then distributes them to countries and areas in need.1. School Girls Unite helps women by .A. training female instructors for the schoolB. providing free guidance on girls educationC. financially aiding girls with their educationD. asking girls parents to support their education2. W
8、ho may benefit from Every Mother Counts?A. A woman who majors in medicineB. A woman who is to give birth soonC. A mother suffering from discriminationD. A single mother raising children herself3. Which organizations aim at women employment?A. ANITA B. ORG and Dress for Success B. School Girls Unite
9、and ANITA B. ORGC. ANITA B. ORG and Every Mother Counts D. School Girls Unite and Every Mother Counts【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A【解析】本文介绍了四个为女性公平而战的机构。1. 细节理解题。根据 School Girls Unite 中的 School Girls Unite sponsors the girls education, often at a cost as little as $75 per child, and follows them to complete the
10、ir education.得知在校女生联盟能够提供给在校女生教育基金支持。故选 C。3. 推理判断题。根据 ANITA B. ORG 中的 In India, they organize career fairs for women only, offering companies the chance to improve their gender diversity in the workforce.得知 ANITA B. ORG 这个机构致力于女性就业问题。故选 A。BThroughout high school, I failed to volunteer as much as I h
11、ad wanted. As a college student, I am still busy with maintaining my grades and staying involved in my schools community, but I decided to get out of my comfort zone and volunteer for America Recycles Day. And this turned out to be an awesome experience.The organization Ouachita Green put together t
12、his event, which allowed people from the Monroe area of Louisiana to bring in their recyclables, free of charge. Unfortunately, Louisiana is lacking in environmentally-friendly initiatives(倡议) so recycling is not offered to most people in our community. In contrast, it is required by law to recycle
13、back in my home New Jersey. This truth astonished me, but more importantly, it encouraged me to seek change.I meant to make a difference. Through joint efforts, my classmates and I ended up starting the Green Club at the University of Louisiana. It focuses on creating a green attitude within the uni
14、versity and the greater Monroe area. While working on it, I met a group of ambitious high school students, who shared the same concern about the environment as us. While talking, we decided that working together would benefit not only the organizations at our schools, but also the community as a who
15、le. Is we let the community know we are serious, there is an even better chance that we will succeed and influence others.If you are hesitant to volunteer or help out with an event in your community, my recommendation is to go ahead and do it. Even if it may be out of your comfort zone, it is import
16、ant to put yourself out there. At the end of the day, you miss all of the shots you dont take.4. What surprised the author greatly?A. Louisianas lack of environmental lawsB. Louisianas limited access to recyclingC. New Jerseys legal requirement of recyclingD. New Jerseys great advantage over Louisia
17、na5. The Green Club is intended to .A. offer part-time jobs for high school studentsB. appeal for an environmentally-friendly lifestyleC. make university life in the Monroe area colorfulD. help with community events in the Monroe area6. What did the high school students and the author agree on?A. Th
18、e need to co-operate B. The importance of recyclingC. The possibility to succeed D. The drawbacks of seriousness7. The author suggests the potential volunteers .A. praise themselves B. force themselvesC. believe themselves D. challenge themselves【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D【解析】本文讲述了作者进入大学后，走出舒适区去“美国的回收日”
19、当志愿者的美好经历。. . . . . . . .5. 推理判断题。根据第三段 Through joint efforts, my classmates and I ended up starting the Green Club at the University of Louisiana. It focuses on creating a green attitude within the university and the greater Monroe area.得知作者和同学们共同努力在大学创办了环保俱乐部，俱乐部旨在于呼吁大学和门罗地区的人们创造环保生活方式。故选 B。6. 细节理
20、解题。根据第三段 While working on it, I met a group of ambitious high school students, who shared the same concern about the environment as us. While talking, we decided that working together would benefit not only the organizations at our schools, but also the community as a whole.得知高中生和作者通过会面交流达成一致：要一起合作来
21、保护环境。故选 A。7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段 If you are hesitant to volunteer or help out with an event in your community, my recommendation is to go ahead and do it.得知作者建议那些还没有加入到环保行列的潜在志愿者们走出舒服区挑战自我。故选 D 。CCompetition in the workplace can be a good thing for a number of different reasons. On the other hand, competit
22、ion can also have some disadvantages, though. Some industries tend to be more competitive in the workplace than others. For instance, those in the sales field will typically be more competitive with co-workers than individuals in other fields, such as information technology. Nevertheless, a little c
23、ompetition in even the least competitive industries can be positive.Competition in the workplace can create an environment where employees push each other to exceed their normal limits, which can result in increased production, both at an individual level and among the entire workforce as a whole. A
24、s individual production numbers increase, so do those of the entire team of workers who seek to outdo one another. Competition can be rewarded with bonuses or various types of rewards.Workplace competition can also inspire a commitment to self-improvement. While financial motivations and bonuses are
25、 always a plus to get the competition going, those who see the bigger picture may take the competition as an opportunity to better themselves in the process of winning the competition. Self-improvement may include actions like changing work habits to be more organized, using visualization and goal s
26、etting to achieve goals and simply performing higher quality work.Not all competition in the workplace necessarily has to take place at the individual level. Competition can bring about a sense of teamwork in the workplace when workers are placed in groups and asked to compete with one another, whic
27、h can have a number of positive results that come from workers cooperating with each other. For example, workers can learn the value of communication and helping someone else, both of which have an influence on other areas of work like customer service.8. What does the underlined word “exceed” in Pa
28、ragraph 2 mean?A. Life B. CancelC. Break through D. Set up9. Which industry is likely to involve more workplace competition?A. The sales field B. Film ProductionC. Customer service D. Information technology10. How can competition contribute to employees self-improvement?A. It changes their lifestyle
29、s greatly B. It assists them to achieve a higher goalC. It improves their financial management D. It offers them chances to change for the better11. What is the best title for the text?A. Benefits of Workplace CompetitionB. Reasons for Joining in CompetitionsC. Approaches to Winning CompetitionD. St
30、rengths and Weaknesses of Competition【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A【解析】本文讲述了工作场所采取的竞争尽管有一些缺点，但是它可以为员工创造竞争的环境、可以激发员工提升的承诺同时可以培养员工们的团队合作。8. 词义猜测题。由文章第二段中的 Competition in the workplace can create an environment where employees push each other to exceed their normal limits,可知，工作场所存在竞争可以为员工创造竞争的环境，在这种环境中人们相互竞
31、争突破出彼此最大的极限，激发潜能。因此动词 exceed 是突破。故 C 选项正确。9. 细节理解题。由文章第一段中的 Some industries tend to be more competitive in the workplace than others. For instance, those in the sales field will typically be more competitive with co-workers than individuals in other fields, such as information technology.可知，文章指出销售行业
32、存在更多的竞争力。故 A 选项正确。10. 细节理解题。由文章第三段中的 those who see the bigger picture may take the competition as an opportunity to better themselves in the process of winning the competition.可知，工作场所存在竞争可以给员工创造提升的空间，促使员工更好地完善自己。故 D 选项正确。11. 主旨大意题。由文章第一段中的 Competition in the workplace can be a good thing for a numbe
33、r of different reasons.工厂竞争有许多优势以及下文提到的工厂竞争可以创造竞争的环境、可以激发员工提升的承诺可以培养员工们的团队合作。得知本文主要讲述了工厂竞争的优势。故 A 选项正确。DArtificial intelligence, or AI, has slowly begun to influence higher education around the world. Now, one new AI tool could change the way university students evaluate their professor. The tool is
34、 called Hubert, a teacher evaluation tool that appears as an AI-powered chatbot. Instead of filling out a form, students use a chat window to give feedback(反馈 ) on the course and their professor. Afterwards, Hubert categorizes the students comments for the professor to review.Hubert is free for educ
35、ators to use. More than 600 teachers have used it already. The goal of the new Hubert program is to improve education by giving teachers detailed, organized feedback from students.Viktor Nordmark, from Sweden, started the company in 2015, with several friends. Before creating Hubert, the founders as
36、ked teachers what would improve their teaching skills. The answer, Nordmark said, was qualitative(定性的 ) feedback from their students. In other words, teachers wanted students to write detailed answers to open-ended questions about their experiences in class.Qualitative feedback is different from the
37、 survey responses, which students are often asked to provide at the end of a class. “This kind of data takes a lot of time for professors to collect and analyze,” Nordmark said. And for the students, it can also be “really boring to fill out.” So Nordmark and his friends designed Hubert as a comprom
38、ise between a traditional survey and a personal interview. “You can reach a really large crowd, but you can also get really qualitative data back,” Nordmark said.Now, when Hubert receives comments from students, it compares them with the information already in its system to organize the data. Nordma
39、rk says that Hubert will continue to get smarter as it receives more comments in the future. Nordmark says he and his co-founders have plans to make Hubert more flexible and accurate. They hope to give teachers the possibility of selecting their own evaluation questions.12. What can be inferred abou
40、t traditional teacher evaluation?A. Its data is easy to collectB. Users are charged for using itC. Students neednt fill out formsD. Students find it dull to take part in it13. According to the text, qualitative feedback .A. can improve the students performance at schoolB. is students answers to teac
41、hers questions in classC. can be obtained by asking students to fill out formsD. is detailed responses to questions not for fixed answers14. What is one of the advantages of Hubert at present?A. Being able to change itself to become smarterB. Saving much time when collecting survey formsC. Taking on
42、 the strengths of a survey and an interviewD. Enabling teachers to select their own evaluation questions15. What is the text mainly about?A. The characteristics of qualitative feedbackB. A new AI-powered tool of teacher evaluationC. The changes in the way teachers are evaluatedD. A potential revolut
43、ion in the educational system【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B【解析】本文讲述了一项新的人工智能技术，这项人工智能，或称 AI，已经慢慢开始影响世界各地的高等教育，它可以让学生通过“聊天”来评价教授。12. 推理判断题。由文章第四段中的 Nordmark said. And for the students, it can also be “really boring to fill out.”可知，学生们认为填写传统的教学反馈很无聊。故 D 选项正确。13. 细节理解题。由文章第三段中的 In other words, teachers wa
44、nted students to write detailed answers to open-ended questions about their experiences in class.可知，老师希望学生们对定性回馈中的问题进行详细回答，但是答案不是固定的、唯一的。故 D 选项正确。14. 细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“So Nordmark and his friends designed Hubert as a compromise between a traditional survey and a personal interview. “You can reach a rea
45、lly large crowd, but you can also get really qualitative data back,” Nordmark said.可知，目前这个新的智能技术 Hubert 的优点是可以结合调查和采访的优势。故 C 选项正确。15. 主旨大意题。由文章第一段中的“Artificial intelligence, or AI, has slowly begun to influence higher education around the world. Now, one new AI tool could change the way university s
46、tudents evaluate their professor. The tool is called Hubert, a teacher evaluation tool that appears as an AI-powered chatbot.”可知，文章主要介绍的是一项可以使学生通过“聊天”来评价教授新的人工智能技术。故 B 选项正确。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体
47、现全文中心的。该文是介绍一个研究结果的，该类文章的中心一般就在第一段。因此，考生直接抓住第一段中的“Artificial intelligence, or AI, has slowly begun to influence higher education around the world. Now, one new AI tool could change the way university students evaluate their professor. The tool is called Hubert, a teacher evaluation tool that appears
48、 as an AI-powered chatbot.”即可找到文章中心。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Many students have trouble staying focused in class. Some of them easily become absent-minded or fall asleep. As a result, they turn to study drugs in order to stay focused in school._16_.Get some
49、 sleep_17_. And it is important to stick with it. Having irregular sleep cycles can really affect concentration and physical well-being. Try to go to sleep at the same time every night and get eight to nine hours of sleep. Your body will thank you in the morning._18_Eating first thing in the morning provides fresh energy throughout the day, and it doesnt even have to be a big meal. Something as small as a bowl of oatmeal can make students more energetic and efficient for the rest of the day. And foods like peanut butter, ber
