1、第39课时 宾语从句在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。其结构是：主句连接词宾语从句。学习时要掌握宾语从句的三要素：连接词、语序、时态。对于宾语从句的考查主要涉及以下考点：1宾语从句的连接词；2宾语从句的语序；3宾语从句的时态。来源:学优高考网宾语从句的连接词1由that引导的宾语从句当宾语从句为陈述句时，用that来引导。that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。如：来源:gkstk.ComHe thinks(that)it will rain tomorrow.他认为明天会下雨。2由if或whether引导的宾语从句当宾语从句为一般疑问句时，通常用if或whet
2、her来引导。 if或whether 在句中意为“是否”，它们在句中不充当句子成分，但不能省略。如：I want to know if/whether he lives here.我想知道他是否住这儿？【拓展】以下三种情况只能用whether不能用if。(1)与or not连用时。如：I dont know whether hes free or not.我不知道他是否有空。 (2)在介词后作介词的宾语时。如：It depends on whether he is ready or not.这取决于他是否做好了准备。(3)和不定式连用时。如：I had a cold and couldnt d
3、ecide whether to go to work or not.我感冒了，拿不定主意是否要去上班。 3由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句为特殊疑问句时，用连接代词who ，whom，whose，what，which和连接副词when，where，why，how来引导。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。如：Can you tell me what he wants？你能告诉我他想要什么吗？I want to know why he was late this morning.我想知道他今天早晨为什么迟到了。I wonder when he will arrive i
4、n Hangzhou.我想知道他将什么时候到达杭州。【即时训练】用适当的连接词填空。1Could you tell me_what_ they were talking about a moment ago?2Ive decided to go to Shanghai next weekend.I was wondering _if/whether _ you could go with me.3The light in his office is still on.I wonder _when_ he will stop working.Maybe at midnight again.4I
5、believe_ that_ each of us can contribute to the future of the world.宾语从句的语序宾语从句要用陈述语序：连接词主语谓语其他。如：Do you know where the nearest hotel is？你知道最近的旅馆在哪里吗？注意：(1)Do you think后接宾语从句时，引导宾语从句的连接词要前置，do you think 作为插入语。如：What do you think he is doing？你认为他正在做什么？(2)当whats wrong/the matter作为宾语从句时，保持语序不变。如：Can yo
6、u find out whats wrong with the computer？你能找出这台电脑出什么故障了吗？(3)当who，what或which 引导宾语从句并在句中作主语时，语序不变。如：Can you guess which is the correct answer？你能猜猜哪个是正确答案吗？【即时训练】根据句意及汉语提示补全句子。1Do you know_where_he_has _gone_ (他去哪里了)?2I wondered_whether _you_can_help_me_ (你能否帮助我)or not.3She asked_who_could _answer_the_
7、question_(谁可以回答这个问题 )宾语从句的时态(1)主句为(一般 )现在时，宾语从句的时态不受主句时态的限制，根据实际情况使用相应的时态。如：I remember he gave me a book yesterday.我记得他昨天给了我一本书。(2)主句为(一般 )过去时，宾语从句只能使用过去的某种时态。如：She asked what Tom was doing then.她问那时汤姆在做什么。注意：在以Could you 开头的复合句中，could通常不表示过去时态，仅表示委婉语气，从句的时态要根据实际情况而定。如：Could you tell me where Helen l
8、ives？你能告诉我海伦住在哪儿吗？Could you tell me where you went last weekend？你能告诉我上周你去了哪儿吗？(3)从句表示的是客观事实、真理等时，宾语从句的时态不受主句时态的限制 ，用一般现在时。如：Mr Chen told us that light travels faster than sound.陈老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1Do you know when they _moved_ (move)here?Let me see.I remember it was on June 27th.2
9、Can you tell me how long Jim_has_had_ (have)the bike? Sure.For about a month.3Uncle Wang，could you tell me how soon Lisa_will_ come_ (come)back from America?In two weeks.宾语从句的简化1当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，agree，promise 等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。如：来源:gkstk.ComI hope that I can travel to Xiamen.I
10、 hope to travel to Xiamen.我希望去厦门旅行。 2当主句谓语动词是know， learn，remember ，forget等，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词不定式”，结构。此结构中的疑问词包括what，which，how，when ，where等。如：I dont know what I should do next.I dont know what to do next.我不知道接下来做什么。3当主句谓语动词是tell，ask，show，teach等，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如：Could y
11、ou tell me how I can get to the zoo？Could you tell me how to get to the zoo？你能告诉我怎样去动物园吗？【即时训练】简化下列宾语从句。1We decided that we would help her.We decided_to_help_ her.2Could you teach me how I can learn maths well?Could you teach me_how_to_learn_ maths well? ,过关检测.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1Could you tell me how
12、long you _have_kept_ (keep)the book?For two weeks.2Do you know there _will_be_ (be)a wonderful football match and two basketball matches on July 15th?Yeah.I am going to watch them on that day.3Your English is so good.Can you tell us where you _learned/learnt_(learn)it?At homeschool.My father taught
13、me.4Could you tell me what they _are_doing_ (do)?Planning a trip abroad.5Could you please tell me what Tom_likes_ (like)about China?The people and the food.6Daniel，could you tell me where the 2020 Olympics _will_be_held_ (hold)?Certainly，in Tokyo.7Tom was not listening carefully，so he failed to hear
14、 what the teacher _said_ (say)8Your head teacher has set up a WeChat group.Could you tell me what it _is_used_ (use)for? Its more convenient to communicate with our parents.9Could you tell me where you _bought_ (buy)the beautiful mobile phone? I want to buy one，too. 10Could you tell me where you _we
15、re_born_ (bear)? I was born in England.用方框中所给的单词填空，每词使用次数不限。if，what，when，whether，why，where，how1Could you please tell me _how_ we can get to the railway station?来源:学优高考网You can take the No.7 Bus over there.2Mum，have you seen my toy bear? I dont know _where_ I have left it.3Did you have a good time in
16、 Guilin?Come and have a look.My photos will show you _what_ the trip was like.4Excuse me，I wonder _if/whether_ there is a lost and found office.Yes， its near the bookstore.5Im planning a trip to the beach tomorrow，but still cant decide _how_ Im going.Why not take a bus？Its convenient.6Can you tell m
17、e_why_you were late yesterday，Jack?Sorry，Mr Smith，my alarm clock went wrong.来源:gkstk.Com7I wonder _whether_ the movie is worth seeing or not.Yes， of course.Its very interesting.8Excuse me，do you know _when _ the bookstore closed yesterday?Sure.It closed at 9：00 pm yesterday.9As middle school students，we should start thinking about _what_ we can do for our country in the future.10Li Ming，do you know_ where_ our new English teacher comes from?Yes.He comes from Canada.请完成精练本第67页作业
