科技英语阅读名词解释

1、1.balance of payments(国际收支平衡表):the set of accounts recording all flows of value between a nations residents and the residents of the rest of the world during a period of time.2.credit item:(贷方项目) is an item for which the country must be paid.3.debit item（借方项目）is an item for which the country must pay.4.If we add up all the items for exports and imports of goods and services,we get the goods and services balance.5.the net value of flows of goods, services, income, and unilateral 。

2、Chapter 12 : Language And Brain1. neurolinguistics: It is the study of relationship between brain and language. It includes research into how the structure of the brain influences language learning, how and in which parts of the brain language is stored, and how damage to the brain affects the ability to use language.2. psycholinguistics: the study of language processing. It is concerned with the processes of language acqisition, comprehension and production.3. brain lateralization: The localiza。

3、英语语音名词解释1音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（m n l例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。2音节的划分 在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro m。

4、 Visible trade 有形贸易: The form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another. (including cash transaction-by means of money and market, and counter trade)Invisible trade 无形贸易: The form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries.FDI 外国直接投资: Foreign direct investments. Returns through controlling the enterprises o。

5、第 1 页社会学英语名词解释Aaccounting 说明过程 人们提供说明以理解世界的过程。（俗民方法论） accounting practices 说明过程的实践 某人提出说明而其他人接受或拒绝该说明的方式。（俗民方法 论）accounts 说明 行动者解释（描述、批评及理想化）特定情境的方式。（俗民方法 论）act 行动 米德理论的基本元素，包含冲 动、知觉刺激、 对知觉感到的客体采取行动，并利用该客体满足原先的冲动。action 行动 人们所做之事是意识过程创造的结果。actual social identity 实际的社会认同 人们真正是什么样的人。(戈夫曼) adaptation 适应 。

6、英语国家概况名词解释系列（1）Amerigo Vespucci-Amerigo Vespucci, a navigator, proved that the land was not India,but a new continent. Therefore, the land was named America after.The Puritans-The Puritans were wealthy, well-educated gentlemen. They wanted to purify the Church of England and threatened with religious persecution, the Puritans leaders saw the New world as the a refuge provided by God for those He meant to save.（2）The Bill of Rights-In 1789, James Madison introduced in the House of。

7、英语国家概况名词解释1、The Constitution:Britain has no written Constitution.The foundations of the British state are laid out in statute law,which are laws passed by Parliament; the common laws, which are laws established through commom practice in courts;and conventions. 2、The house of Common: Its the real center of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives(Members of Parliament) make and debate policy,These MPs are elected in the General Elections 。

8、Currency 货币 The money used in a country euros dollars yen etc is its C Overtime 加班时间 money received for working extra hours Pension 养老金 money paid by a company or the government to a retired P Mortgag。

9、1. William the Conqueror 威廉征服: William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct.1066 and defeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christmas Day the same year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.建立了封建制度2. Doomsday Book-It is a book compiled by a group of clerks under the sponsorship of King William the First in 1086. The book was in fact a property record. It was the result of a general survey of England. It recorded th。

10、附件是名词解释 下面是语法术语： 语法 grammar 句法 syntax 词法 morphology 结构 structure 层次 rank 句子 sentence 从句 clause 词组 phrase 词类 part of speech 单词 word 实词 notional word 虚词 structrural word 名词 noun 专有名词 proper noun 普通名词 common noun 可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable noun 抽象名词 abstract noun 具体名词 concret moun 物质名词 material noun 集体名词 collective noun 个体名词 individual noun 介词 preposition 连词 conjunction 动词 verb 主动词 main verb 及物动词 t。

11、1.应收账款 Accounts receivable:is the revenue that has been earned but not yet collected.2.复式记账 double entry accounting:double-entry accounting is a system for recording transactions based on recording increases and decreases in accounts so that debits always equal credits.3.重要性 materiality:materiality refers to the magnitude of an omission or misstatement of accounting information that , considering the circumstances,makes it likely that the judgment of a reasonable person relying on the。

12、1. Budget 预算 an account of probable future income and expenditure during a stated, period, usu. a year used as a guide in making financial arrangements.2. Return 回报 the gain from an investment, either as income or yield or as profit on the sale of the investment.3. Portfolio 证券投资组合 the entire collection of investments in the form of stocks, bonds, or certificate of deposits for purposes other than controlling4. Royalty 专利税 money paid to the owner of a copyright for permission to pub。

13、11. Pragmatics is the study of language in use. Pragmatics is concerned with the study of meaning as communicated by a speaker (or writer) and interpreted by a listener (or reader).Pragmatics is the study of speaker meaningPragmatics is the study of contextual meaningPragmatics is the study of the expression of relative distance.Pragmatics is the study of the relationships between linguistic forms and the users of those forms.2. Syntax is the study of the relationships between linguistic forms, 。

14、通信英语名词解释AA1-Net GSM 900 网的奥地利名称 AAA Authentication, Authorization, Accounting 鉴权、授权、计费AAL1 ATM Adaptation Layer type 1 ATM 适配层类型 1AAL2 ATM Adaptation Layer type 2 ATM 适配层类型 2AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer type 5 ATM 适配层类型 5ABR Available Bit Rate 可用比特率AC 现时转换 Access Channel 选址信道 Access Point 进接器 ACELP Algebraic code excitation linear prediction 算术码激励线性预测ACIR Adjacent channel interference ratio, caused by the transmitter non-idealities and 。

15、Quattro-全时四轮驱动系统Tiptronic-轻触子- 自动变速器Multitronic-多极子-无级自动变速器ABC-车身主动控制系统DSC-车身稳定控制系统VSC-车身稳定控制系统TRC-牵引力控制系统TCS-牵引力控制系统ABS-防抱死制动系统ASR-加速防滑系统BAS-制动辅助系统DCS-车身动态控制系统EBD-电子制动力分配系统EBA-紧急制动辅助系统EDS-电子差速锁ESP-电子稳定程序系统HBA-液压刹车辅助系统HDC-坡道控制系统HAC-坡道起车控制系统DAC-下坡行车辅助控制系统A-TRC-车身主动循迹控制系统SRS-双安全气囊SAHR-主动性头枕GPS-车载卫星定位导航系统i-Drive-智能集。

16、Unit 1 绝对补集 absolute complement / 代数 algebra /代数式 algebraic expression / 代数方程 algebraic equation / 代数不等式 algebraic inequality / 任意常数 arbitrary constant / 数组 array / 底数；基数 base number / 连续函数 continuous function / 函数 function / 复合函数 function of function / 函数记号 functional notation / 集合aggregate / 子集 subset /迭代函数 iterative function/优先权之争 priority battle/分形特征 fractal properties/有意义 make sense/以越来越小的规模重复同一模式 patterns repeat t。