1、1课下能力提升(八).阅读理解Frida Kahlo was born on July 6, 1907, in Mexico City. Kahlo suffered from ill health as a child after catching polio (小儿麻痹症) at age 6, which made her right leg shorter and thinner than the left.Before her painting career, she aimed for a career in natural sciences, but her dreams were
2、 ruined by a serious accident, which caused her pain and illness for the rest of her life. She was paralyzed (瘫痪) for three months, alone and lonely.Armed with a few brushes, a range of oil paints and a special easel (画架) that allowed her to paint while still in bed, she created some beautiful piece
3、s. Her artwork is sought after by fans and art collectors for high prices, the highest being eight million.Kahlo married Diego Rivera, a famous Mexican artist. They once divorced in 1939, but remarried in 1940.Frida Kahlo once said, “I never painted dreams. I painted my own reality.” This perfectly
4、describes her painting style, one drawn from her personal pain and tragedies. She is a selftaught artist known for her selfportraits (自画像)Mexican culture and tradition was something very important to her, evident in many of her paintings. Aside from her strong sense of Mexican pride, various referen
5、ces to religion were also included.Frida Kahlos selfportrait, Girl with Necklace, has resurfaced after 60 years of it being hidden from the public eye. This discovery of Kahlos painting is significant, as only ten percent of her work is available in America due to complex and strict export laws in M
6、exico. Her works are declared as “artistic monuments” by the Mexican president and any works painted in Mexico must remain in Mexico. These strict laws have produced many fakes of Kahlos work.Frida Kahlos legacy lives on till this day, for being not only a wellknown female artist of color, but also
7、a breaker of cultural and societal barriers.语 篇 解 读 ： 本 文 是 记 叙 文 。 文 章 介 绍 了 墨 西 哥 最 受 欢 迎 的 现 代 女 画 家 弗 里 达 卡 洛 。1What caused Kahlo to begin painting?AHer love for painting.BHer love of natural scenery.CHer pain and loneliness in bed.DHer desire to make more money.解析：选 C 推理判断题。结合文章第二、三段中的“She was
8、paralyzed (瘫痪) for three months, alone and lonely”和“Armed with a few brushes . that allowed her to paint while still in bed, she created some beautiful pieces”可以推断，弗里达在病床上用绘画来转移注意力。2What style are Kahlos paintings?ARealistic. BRomantic.CAbstract. DImpressionistic.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第五段中弗里达所说的话“I never p
9、ainted dreams. I painted my own reality”以及作者对此的评论“This perfectly describes her painting style”可知，弗里达的绘画属于现实主义流派。3Why is the discovery of Girl with Necklace important?2AThere are a lot of fakes.BIt is the only portrait of Kahlo.CKahlos paintings are rare in America.DIt is regarded as the “artistic mo
10、nument” 解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“This discovery of Kahlos painting is significant, as only ten percent of her work is available in America”可知弗里达的绘画作品在美国留存的数量很少，因此 Girl with Necklace的发现非常重要。4Which of the following best describes Kahlo?ATalented but unlucky.BBrave but selfcentered.COptimistic and conser
11、vative.DAmbitious and sensitive.解析：选 A 推理判断题。弗里达一生深受病痛的折磨，但她靠自学成为墨西哥最受欢迎的女画家，由此可见，弗里达是一个有天赋但不幸的人。.阅读七选五Benefits of Verbal CommunicationVerbal communication can be explained as exchanging ideas and thoughts by using words. As humans, verbal communication is very essential because through this we are
12、able to communicate, learn and understand each other._1_ The following are some of the benefits of communicating verbally._2_When there is verbal communication, people are able to express themselves quite clearly. They can be able to emphasize certain ideas, views and insights as they give examples
13、thus promoting a clear understanding among the communicators.Provide better understanding.With verbal communication, you can be able to understand people better. When you speak to someone and they respond to you as well as you continue to engage in a conversation, you will get to understand this per
14、son more because you are able to explore his emotions as well as body language through his words. With communication, there is no guess work._3_Give satisfaction.Whenever you engage in a verbal communication, you are able to express what is on your mind._4_ And however much you may never get all you
15、r requests met at any particular time, it is satisfactory to know that you are able to get your thoughts and desires recognized and understood.Increase popularity.Effective communication is done by both verbal and nonverbal communication. However, the verbal communication is the most successful when
16、 it comes to discussing, explaining and giving examples. _5_ It is because they are able to express themselves clearly therefore understanding others as well.ATake less time.BGive clear expression.CIt is a wonderful feeling to express yourself.DYou can understand exactly what the other person is say
17、ing to you.EPeople who have good verbal communication can easily make friends.FYou will find it hard to understand what others are really talking about.GThrough verbal communication, besides, we are also able to build relationships and trust.语 篇 解 读 ： 作 为 人 类 ， 语 言 交 流 非 常 重 要 。 本 文 介 绍 了 语 言 交 流 带
18、给 我 们 的 几 点 好 处 。31解析：选 G 设空处前介绍了语言交流带给我们的好处，空后一句引出下文，因此，设空处应是介绍通过语言交流的其他好处。故选 G项，该项中的 Through verbal communication，are also able to照应上一句中的 through this(this指代 verbal communication)及 are able to。2解析：选 B 设空处点明了该部分的主题，根据下文的关键词“express themselves quite clearly”可知，本部分主要讲语言交流能够使人们表达得更清楚，故选 B项。3解析：选 D 根据
19、Provide better understanding可知，本部分讲述语言交流可以使人与人之间更好地理解。再结合上文的“you can be able to understand people better”可知，选 D项。4解析：选 C 根据 Give satisfaction及下文的 “. it is satisfactory to know that you are able to get your thoughts and desires recognized and understood.”可知，语言交流能够给人以满足感。C 项(表达自己是一种很棒的感觉)符合语境。5解析：选 E
20、根据空后的 “. therefore understanding others as well.”可知，此处指语言交流可以使人们更好地理解别人，从而更容易与别人成为朋友。故选 E项。.完形填空Its the American dream getting married, buying a home, and settling down to have children. Everyone knows that parenthood is one of the great joys of life and that it_1_ greatly to ones happiness and sens
21、e of wellbeing. But in that _2_， everyone may be wrong. Research shows that not only does having children not_3_ produce increased happiness, but it may actually _4_ it.Sociologist Robin Simon, who studied thousands of American families, _5_ her findings this way: “Parents experience lower levels of
22、 emotional wellbeing, less frequent positive emotions and more frequent_6_ emotions than their childless peers (同龄人). In fact, no group of parents married, _7_， step or even empty nest reported greater emotional wellbeing than people who_8_ had children.”Of course, parenthood is not without its rewa
23、rds. _9_ lower levels of happiness, parents also report more purpose, more meaning, and eventually more _10_ with life than nonparents. But research data do not show that children bring greater happiness to their parents.Why, then, does the belief that children bring great happiness persist (继续存在)?
24、One possible reason is that we learn them from our _11_. People who believe that parenting is a satisfying, lifeimproving experience are more likely to have children than people who dont. The former group has more children to whom to _12_ their beliefs, while the latter groups less rosy prospect (前景
25、) is less likely to get conveyed to the next generation.Another reason for peoples continued _13_ in the joys of parenting has to do with selective recall. When people think of _14_ of their parenting experiences, they are likely to focus on the _15_ rare best of times: a babys first words or first
26、smile, a fun day at the park, or graduation day. The _16_ of parenthood nighttime feedings, dirty diapers, fighting siblings (兄弟姐妹) , and so forth may be much more common but tend to withdraw into the background when parents reflect back on the experience._17_ when parents are asked whether having c
27、hildren enriches their lives, they tend to _18_ definitely. But when parents current sense of wellbeing is actually _19_ at various points in time, the truth appears: parents are 4not actually happier than people who do not have children, and on some occasions the parents actually seem to do _20_. O
28、n any given day, parents have fewer freedoms but more worries to deal with than do their childless peers.语篇解读：对于已婚夫妇而言，是养育子女的人生更幸福呢，还是不要孩子的人生更快乐？1A.appeals BsubscribesCcontributes Dcorresponds解析：选 C 每个人都知道为人父母是人生的快乐之一，而且极大地促进了人们的快乐和幸福感。contribute to 意为“促进，有助于” ；appeal to 意为“吸引，迎合” ；subscribe to意为“订阅
29、；同意，赞成” ；correspond to 意为“与一致，相符” 。2A.case BregardCway Dopinion解析：选 B 但是在那方面，每个人可能都错了。regard 意为“方面” ；case 意为“情况，情形” ；way 意为“方式，方法” ；opinion 意为“观点，看法” 。3A.necessarily BpossiblyCnormally Dreasonably解析：选 A 研究表明生孩子不仅未必会产生额外的幸福感。necessarily 意为“必要地，必然地” ；possibly 意为“可能，也许” ；normally 意为“正常地，常规地” ；reasonabl
30、y意为“合理地，有道理地” 。not necessarily 意为“未必，不一定” 。4A.remove BaccumulateCinfluence Dreduce解析：选 D 根据上文的“produce increased happiness”和前面的 but可知，而且事实上还可能减少幸福感。reduce 意为“减少，降低” ；remove 意为“移动，去除” ；accumulate意为“积累，聚积” ；influence 意为“影响” 。5A.explored BcommentedCsummarized Daddressed解析：选 C 研究过成百上千个美国家庭的社会学家鲁宾西蒙是这样总结
31、她的研究结果的。summarize 意为“总结，概括” ；explore 意为“探索，勘探” ；comment 意为“评论，发表意见” ；address 意为“向讲话；处理，对付” 。6A.negative BobjectiveCmixed Dchangeable解析：选 A 根据上文的“less frequent positive emotions”可知，父母比没有孩子的同龄人经历更低的情绪幸福感，更少的积极情绪以及更多的消极情绪。negative 意为“消极的，负面的” ；objective 意为“客观的” ；mixed 意为“混合的，混杂的” ；changeable意为“易变的，变化多的
32、” 。7A.poor BindependentCresponsible Dsingle解析：选 D 事实上，无论是双亲家庭、单亲家庭、养父母家庭，还是空巢家庭，没有一组父母觉得自己比那些没有子女的人幸福到哪儿去。single 意为“单身的，未婚的” ；poor意为“贫困的，贫穷的” ；independent 意为“独立的，自立的” ；responsible 意为“负责的，承担责任的” 。8A.seldom BalmostCalready Dnever解析：选 D 根据上文的“their childless peers”可知，这里指那些没有孩子的人。never意为“从未” ；seldom 意为“
33、很少” ；almost 意为“几乎” ； already 意为“已经” 。9A.In spite of BIn addition toCRegardless of DApart from解析：选 A 尽管幸福水平更低，但报告显示父母们还是比没有孩子的人更有目标、活得更有意义并且最终对人生更满意。in spite of 意为“尽管，虽然” ；in addition to意为“除了还有” ；regardless of 意为“不管，不顾” ；apart from意为“除了还有” 。510A.disappointment BsatisfactionCagreement Ddiscomfort解析：选
34、B 根据上文的“more purpose, more meaning”可知，父母们比没有孩子的人最终对人生更满意。 satisfaction 意为“满足，满意” ；disappointment 意为“失望，扫兴” ；agreement 意为“协议，合约” ；discomfort 意为“不舒服，不适” 。11A.peers BparentsCfriends Dteachers解析：选 B 一个可能的原因是我们从我们的父母那里了解到这些。parents 意为“父母” ；peer 意为“同辈，同龄人” ；friend 意为“朋友” ；teacher 意为“老师” 。12A.hold on Bcarr
35、y on Cpass on Drely on解析：选 C 根据下文的“get conveyed to the next generation”可知，前一组人可以向更多的孩子传递他们的观点。 pass on 意为“传递” ；hold on 意为“抓紧，坚持” ；carry on 意为“继续，进行，经营” ；rely on 意为“依靠，依赖” 。13A.faith BdreamChonor Dpride解析：选 A 人们一直相信为人父母快乐的另一个原因与选择性记忆有关。faith 意为“信心，信仰，信任” ；dream 意为“梦想” ；honor 意为“荣誉，荣幸” ；pride 意为“骄傲，自豪
36、” 。14A.troubles BtheoriesCmemories Dimpressions解析：选 C 根据上文的“selective recall”可知，当人们回想起他们为人父母的经历时，他们可能。memory 意为“回忆，记忆” ；trouble 意为“麻烦，烦恼” ；theory意为“理论” ；impression 意为“印象” 。15A.evidently BslightlyCperfectly Drelatively解析：选 D 他们可能专注于相对少有的美好时光。relatively 意为“相对地，比较起来” ；evidently 意为“明显地，显而易见地” ；slightly
37、意为“稍微，略微” ；perfectly意为“完美地；十足地，完全地” 。16A.reliefs BrewardsCstresses Dshortcomings解析：选 C 夜间喂奶、脏尿布、打架的兄弟姐妹等等之类的为人父母的压力可能更常见，但是当父母们回想起这些经历时他们往往已经退居幕后。stress 意为“压力” ；relief意为“宽慰，减轻” ；reward 意为“奖赏，报答” ；shortcoming 意为“缺点，短处”。17A.So BOrCBut DThough解析：选 A 所以当父母们被问及生孩子是否会充实他们的生活时。so 意为“因此，所以” ；or 意为“或者，否则” ；b
38、ut 意为“但是” ；though 意为“尽管，虽然” 。18A.deny BcontradictCrespond Dagree解析：选 C 根据上文的“when parents are asked”可知，他们往往会作出肯定的回答。respond 意为“回答，回应” ；deny 意为“否认，拒绝承认” ；contradict 意为“与矛盾；反驳，驳斥” ；agree 意为“同意，答应” 。19A.measured BdeterminedCbalanced Dchallenged解析：选 A 但事实上当父母们目前的幸福感在不同的时间进行衡量时，事实就显现出来。measure 意为“衡量，测量”
39、；determine 意为“决定，下定决心” ；balance 意为“平衡” ；challenge 意为“挑战，质疑” 。20A.better BworseCless Dmore6解析：选 B 根据上文的“not actually happier”可知，父母们事实上没有比无子女的人快乐，而且有时父母们事实上似乎表现得更糟糕。worse 意为“更糟糕的，更差的” ；better意为“更好的” ；less 意为“更少的” ；more 意为“更多的” 。.语法填空The Importance of HobbiesA hobby is something that one likes to do in
40、 ones spare time. A hobby is treated as a favorite activity that a person does for pleasure and not as _1_ regular business.A hobby is not an inborn preference. It _2_ (develop) through a constant and systematic process. A hobby is not pursued_3_ (make) a profit. The main purpose of a hobby is to de
41、rive pleasure out of it. It gives us mental and physical_4_ (relax). One makes the best use of ones spare time by pursuing a hobby.While_5_ (make) a choice out of many ways of spending our time, we ought to ensure something that restores our lost energy and cheers_6_ up. There are a good number of h
42、obbies. The hobby that fits our interest, nature and our budget would be the_7_ (good)The hobby_8_ (select) by teens depends upon the time for hobbies. While teens become busy in shaping their careers, it is very important to develop a hobby, _9_ can open up new views of knowledge, entertainment and
43、 careers.As a student, one may develop the hobby of reading newspapers and magazines_10_ (regular). They keep one aware of the current events. In the long run, one will benefit from it if one has to appear in competitive examinations.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了培养业余爱好的重要性以及怎样选择合适的爱好等。1.a 考查冠词。与前面的“as a favor
44、ite activity”对应，指爱好不是一件日常事务。2is developed 考查语态。此处指爱好的形成，因此要用被动语态，且全文时态为一般现在时，故填 is developed。3to make 考查不定式。此处的不定式作目的状语。4relaxation 考查词形转换。空前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，因此需填 relax的名词形式。5making 考查现在分词。make 与其逻辑主语 we之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。6us 考查代词。与前面的“restores our lost energy”呼应，指使得我们振作起来。7best 考查形容词最高级。根据语义可知，指那种适合我们的
45、兴趣、性格和预算的爱好，才是最好的。8selected 考查过去分词。这里的 hobby与 select构成被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语。9which 考查定语从句。which 引导了一个非限制性定语从句。10regularly 考查副词。此处用副词作状语来修饰谓语动词。.短文改错Dear Lisa，Im glad to receive your letter asked about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still take up most of
46、 our time. Besides, we often help our parents with the housework or farm work, that makes us realize how hard we work every day and develop a great love for work. Meanwhile, we take active part in social activities, such as voluntary 7work. We went out to the streets to collect rubbishes or to the h
47、ospitals to cheer up the sick children. We try our best to help those who are in need or make our hometown a lot of more beautiful. We find greatly pleasure in these activities.Yours，Li Ming答案：第一句：askedasking第二句：taketakes第三句：thatwhich; 第二个 wethey第四句：在 active前加 an第五句：wentgo; rubbishesrubbish第六句：orand; 去掉 of第七句：greatlygreat8
