1、政府工作报告常用词汇（二）保险业 The insurance industry保证重点支出 Ensure funding for priority areas被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business补发拖欠的养老金 Clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款 Non-performing loan层层转包和违法分保 Multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting产值 output value城乡信用社 Credit Cooperative in both urba
2、n and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障 A minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保险制度 The system of medical insurance for urban workers抽样调查 data from the sample survey出口信贷 Export credit初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy贷款质量 Loan q
3、uality贷款质量五级分类办法 The five-category assets classification for bank loans第二产业 secondary industry第三产业 tertiary industry第一产业 primary industry独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise发电量 electric energy production发挥市场的调节作用 to give play to the regulatory role of the market发展过快 excessive growth防范和化解金融风险
4、Take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程 Flood-prevention project非法外汇交易 Illegal foreign exchange transaction非公有成分 non-public sectors非贸易收汇 Foreign exchange earnings through non trade channels非银行金融机构 Non-bank financial institutions费改税 Transform administrative fees into taxes分配形式 forms o
5、f distribution风险资金 risk funds副业 sideline production改革是“社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展”。Reform is “the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system.”改革重点转移到城市 the focus of reform is shifted to the cities改善经济环境 improve economic environment搞活企业 invigorate/ revitalize/ rejuvenate enterprises各尽所能，按劳/需分
6、配from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs跟踪审计 Follow-up auditing工程监理制度 The monitoring system for projects公有制 public ownership鼓励 give incentive to管理不善 poor management国际收支 international balance of payments国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。The state ensures the consolidation and growth of t
7、he state economy.国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)国内生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product)国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by t
8、he whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.国有资产安全 The safety of state-owned assets过度开垦 Excess reclamation合同管理制度 The contract system for governing projects合资企业 joint venture合作企业 cooperative enterprise和平演变 peaceful evolution宏观控制 exercise macro-control机电产品 Electromechanical produc
9、ts积极的财政政策 Pro-active fiscal policy基本生活费 Basic allowances基石 cornerstone计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制 a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system结售汇制度 The system of exchange settlement and sales解除劳动关系 Sever labor relations解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/re
10、lease the productive forces金融监管责任制 The responsibility system for financial supervision经济安全 Economic security经济和法律的杠杆 economic and legal leverages经济计划和市场调节相结合 to combine economic planning with market regulation经济结构改革。 reform in economic structure经营机制 operative mechanism精华、精粹、实质 quintessence举措 move靠扩大
11、财政赤字搞建设 To increase the deficit to spend more on development扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted (excluded)扩大国内需求 The expansion of domestic demand拉动经济增长 Fuel economic growth厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste粮食仓库 Grain depot粮食收储企业 Grain Collection and storage enterprise粮食收购资金实行封闭运行
12、 Closed operation of grain purchase funds粮食销售市场 Grain sales market劣质工程 Shoddy engineering林业 forestry零售 retail流通制度 circulation system乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 Arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and fines农业 farming骗汇、逃汇、套汇Obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign currency owed to the
13、 government and illegal arbitrage取消国家对农产品的统购统销to cancel the states monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people全体会议 plenary session人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP人均收入 per capita income融资渠道 Financing channels善于接受的 receptive商品经济 commodity economy商业信
14、贷原则 The principles for commercial credit社会保险机构 Social security institution社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achieveme
15、nt of common prosperity.社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.生产关系 rel
16、ations of production生产力 productive forces生产资料 means of production生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence剩余劳动力 surplus labor失业保险金 Unemployment insurance benefits实际增长率 actual growth rate实事求是 seek truth from facts实在的 tangible使负担 be saddled with试一下 have a go (at sth.)输入活力 bring vigor into私有制 private owners
17、hip随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。As the reform further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 Tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal pay taxes投入 input外汇收支 Foreign exchange revenue and spending外资企业 foreign-funde
18、d enterprise我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。The criterion for our judgment is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better
19、living standards.畜牧业 animal husbandry要人们警惕右和“左”的影响，特别是“左”的根深蒂固的影响。to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the “Left” deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted “Left” influence.一个中心、两个基本点 one central task and two basic points以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（ 2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义毛泽东思想、坚持改革
20、开放the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the peoples democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought and persisting in reform and opening.引进、输入 im
21、portation引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley营业发达的公司 going concerns优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure有色金属 nonferrous metals有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation渔业 fishing增额、增值、增长 increment整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order中国要警惕右，但更要防“左”。China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primaril
22、y, it should guard against the “Left” deviation.逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。to modernize the countrys industry, agriculture, national defense and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.主要成分 dominant sector资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.总工资 total wages
