1、虚拟语气,Definition,陈述语气（the Indicative Mood）用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。,虚语语气（the Subjunctive Mood）表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种非真实的假设、料想，或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。,区别:,If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved. 陈述语气,If it rained tomorrow, the crops would be saved. 虚拟语气,1. 虚拟语气的考点 1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法； 2、条件句中虚拟语
2、气的倒装； 3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法； 4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法； 5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。,if引导的虚拟条件句,过去式 (were),had done,would/could/should/might +V. (原),would/could/should/might +have done,1.过去式 2. should+ V.(原) 3. were to do,would/could/should/might +V. (原),虚拟语气,Review: If 型,如果我是一名百万富翁，我会给鄂南高中 建一座图书馆。如果我有足够的钱，我为每 一位学生提供免费的三餐。如果我是
3、超人， 我会把钓鱼岛从日本手里抢回来。,If I _ a millionaire, I _ build a library for Enan high senior School. If I _ enough money, I _ (supply) free food to the students. If I _ a superman, I _ seize Diao Yu Islands back from Japan.,were,would,had,would supply,were,would,Group work,如果开学那天她不上街去吃饭，她就不会被车撞，如果她小心点，她就能躲过这场
4、事故。如果司机开慢点，就能避免这次事故。如果她不出这次事故，她就可以快乐的上大学了。,If she _(not go) out to have lunch, she _( not hurt) by a taxi. If she _ (be) careful when crossing the street, she _ (escape) the accident；and if the driver _(drive) slowly, the accident _ _(avoid). If she _ (not have) such a terrible accident, she _(go) t
5、o college happily everyday now.,与过去事实相反虚拟：Group work：,hadnt gone,wouldnt have been hurt,had been,would have escaped,had driven,could have been avoided,hadnt had,could go,If the God _(give) me another chance，I_ (tell) the girl three words, “ I love you.” If I _(have to) set a time limit to our love,
6、It_ (be)10,000 years!,should give/were to give/gave,would tell,had to,would be,如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会， 我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。 如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，我希望是-一万年!,大话西游,If you _tomorrow, you _ find the new manager working in the office.,A. should come; would B. would come; would C. will come; should D. comes; might,If th
7、e parents _at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.,A. arrives B. arrive C. had arrived D. has arrived,If he _he _that food.,Luckily he was sent to the hospitalimmediately.,A. was warned; would not have takenB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warn
8、ed; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken,倒装的If虚拟句,条件状语的倒装：,如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他,Were I you, I would try it again.,Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,If I were you, I would try i
9、t again.,If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,_the exam, he would have attend a college.,A. If he passed B. Had he passed C. Were he passed D. If he should pass,_five minutes earlier, you could have seenthem off.,A. If you should
10、 arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive,_it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.,A. Were B. should C. would D. will,If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.,如果以前你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了,If型特例1：错综时间条件句,虚拟语气,If型特例1：错综时间
11、条件句,定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。,If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.,与过去相反,与现在相反,各自为准,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整,Practice: If you had listened to the doctor, you _ all right now.A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been,If you hadnt lent me some money, I couldnt have bought the new house a
12、nd most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now. 假若你不借钱给我， 我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。 （从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）,wish引导的虚拟句,I wish I remembered the address.,我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）,How I wish he had not left.,要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）,wish + that
13、 How I wish If only,did/were 现在,had done 过去,would / might /would do 将来,5. If only (1) 要是就好了 = I wish If only I knew his name now! If only we had followed your advice last time! If only I could see him again next year!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。,If only our parents could live with us!,If only I hadnt missed
14、 the train!,要是我没错过火车就好了.,Exercises:,“ Have you visited the Science Museum?” “ No, but I really wish I _.”,A. had B. did C. have D. will,I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I _there.,A. was B. were C. had been D. went,I wish I _ you yesterday.,A. see B. did see C. had seen D. were to see,-He is a
15、brave man. -Yes, I wish I _his courage.,A. Have B. had C. will have D. would have,Tom can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _me how.,A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach,The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I _to it.,A. hadnt gone B.
16、havent gone C. didnt go D. could not have gone,How I wish I _that! Everybody present was angry with me.,A. didnt go B. hadnt done C. wouldnt do D. wasnt doing,as if /though,区别：,He speaks English as if/ though he is from the USA. 陈述语气,He speaks English as if/ though he werefrom the USA. 虚拟语气,2. as if
17、 /though + Clause,现在： 过去： 将来 :,did /were(现在),had done(过去),She loves the baby as if it were her own son. He speaks as if he had been to the United States.,would+动词原形(将来),虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood,退一步 海阔天空,as if/ though, wish, if only等从句的虚拟与它相同。,名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词,三个建议,四个要求,insist,order, command,advise, sug
18、gest, propose,demand, require, request, ask,其后的宾语从句及其同根名词引导的主语，表语，同位语从句中。,虚拟语气,Should +v 型,两个命令,一个坚持,1.在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，主语从句中。 这种用法的常用词有：,Discussion: which clause,他建议我们早点回家(suggest)。 He suggested that we (should) go home earlier. It was suggested that we (should) go home earlier. His suggestion was
19、that we (should) go home earlier. He made a suggestion that we (should) go home earlier.,虚拟语气,宾语从句,主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,Janes pale face suggested that he _ ill . A be B wasC should be D is He insists he _right.A. were B. wasC. be D. is,TIPS,T. or F.You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.Your pal
20、e face suggests that you are ill.I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.I insisted that you were wrong.,insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气 Insist 表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即 should + do; Insist 表示“坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。 Suggest 表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。 Suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。,F,T,F,T,虚拟语气,虚拟语气,类似用法的词有：necessary，strange，natur
21、al， a pity, a shame, no wonder ,Should + V 型,2. It is important (necessary, strange,) that ,Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟， 即（should）+动词原形,It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. Its necess
22、ary that we should study hard.,虚拟语气特殊句型：,1. would rather that,现在/未来： 过去：,过去时,过去完成时,I would rather you paid me now.,I would rather you had gone, too.,Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.,Its (high) time +that,过去时(were)/ Should(不省) +V.,你该走了。,Its high time that you went. Its high time that you
23、should go.,我们该去睡觉了。,Its time that we went to bed. Its time that we should go to bed.,虚拟语气,but for +n(要不是), without +n, otherwise(否则)， in that case，,一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句（if）, 其后的句子与虚拟条件主句用法一致。,+句子,would/could/should/might +V. (原),would/could/should/might +have done,现在/将来,过去,1. But for your help, we (make) s
24、uch rapid progress.,没有你的帮助，我们是不会取得这么快的进展的。,would not have made,虚拟语气,2. Without air, there _ (be) no living things. 如果没有空气，就不会有生物,would be,3. Thanks to the brave young man, otherwise, the boy _(die).,would have died,3. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.)A. listened B. had listenedC. should list
25、en D. would listen,B,5. I wish this bus _ to the university.A. go B. wentC. has gone D. had gone,B,虚拟语气,6. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得饱), though his parents feed him very well.A. get B. getting C. got D. should get,C,7. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there.A. ha
26、d been B. were C. was D. been,A,9. Have you ever been to Beijing?- No, but I wish I _.A. have B. will C. do D. had,D,10. I dont think it is the right time that you _.A. will go B. went C. go D. must go,B,11. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C.
27、were broken D. had been broken,C,Subjective mood,If 型Should +v型其他类型,1.did。 2.had done。 3.were to/ did/should。,错综时间条件句(各自为准) Were, had ,should提前， 省略if,1. 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。,2. It is（necessary，strange）+that,wish/as if Would rather/ if onlyIt is (high) time thatBut for/otherwise/without/in that case,1.过去式 2.过去完成 3.could、would、might +v,1.过去式 2.过去完成,should（不省） +v/ 过去式,1.Would,could,should,might+v,2.would,could,should,might +have done,insist suggest,
