1、教学备课案例朱增涛潍坊市安丘辉渠中学2013 年 10 月被动语态 （语法课导学案） 教师寄语：苦心人天不负，百二秦关终属楚。学英语就要坚持到最后的胜利。课前检测 （ 你预习得怎样？）填写以下动词的过去分词：buy _ borrow_write_ speak_ TEACHING AIMS： 1、Leading the students to work in groups to learn the new knowledge points or difficulties.2、Try your best to break out the difficulties with the help of
2、the leader or teacher.课内探究，小组合作学习： 各小组成员要按照导学案要求抓紧时间自学研讨，互相询问疑难、互相解答疑难，老师巡堂随时抽查某个同学的记忆和学习情况，可别让老师 “问住 ”哦？各小组比一比？STEP ONE、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak 的动作是由主语 many people 来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：
3、English is spoken by many people.主语 English 是动词speak 的承受者。例如：He opened the door.他开了门。( 主动句 )The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)STEP TWO、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词 be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过 be 的变化表现出来的。现以 plant 为例说明被动语态在 一般现在时态和一般过去时态中的构成：一般现在时态的被动语态：主语amisareplanted by 介宾短语例如：Many trees are planted (by Tom) eve
4、ry year.一般疑问句：Are many trees planted (by Tom) every year?否定句：Many trees are not planted (by Tom) every year.一般过去时态的被动语态：waswere planted例如：Many trees were planted (by Tom) last year.一般疑问句：Are many trees planted (by Tom) every year?否定句：Many trees are not planted (by Tom) every year.歌诀是：被动语态 be 字变，过去分词
5、跟后面。STEP THREE、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于 1981 年。(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。自学研讨归纳（学习窍门你来找？勇敢闯关！）1. 一般现在时态和一般过去时态的被
6、动语态的谓语结构有什么区别？_.2. 如何把一个被动语态的陈述句变成一般疑问句和否定句？_.跟踪训练 1： 你能根据自学内容，把下面面两句被动语态的陈述句变成一般疑问句和否定句吗？The young tree is watered by the boy every day.一般疑问句 _ ?肯定回答_.STEP FOUR 自学主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定 be 的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词 by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。歌诀
7、是：宾变主，主变宾， by 短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动， be 后 “过分 ”来使用。跟踪训练 2：根据自学内容，把下列主动语态句式转化为被动语态。1、 They make the bikes in the factory._.2、She speaks English._.触类旁通、小组自学：1、含有情态动词的被动语态结构: 情态动词+be+ vt 过去分词Amy can take good care of Tom Tom can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词2、一般将来时的被动语态结构:
8、will/shall +be + vt 过去分词Tom will clean the room tomorrow.The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow3、现在完成时态的被动语态结构: have/has been + vt 过去分词We have made twenty keys Twenty keys have been made by us .STEP FIVE、能力拓展训练：用动词的适当形式填空1.A book _ （buy）by my father yesterday.2.English _ (study )by him every morni
9、ng.3、This work may_ today.（finish）将下列主动语态变成被动语态：1.We must plant more trees.More trees _ _ _.2.Can we put our bikes here?_ our bikes _ _ here?3、How long have you kept the book?How long _ the book _ _? 自学研讨归纳（学习窍门你来找？勇敢闯关！）试总结一下：分哪几个步骤来做“用动词的适当形式填空”这个题型？1、_.2、_.3、_.温馨提示 1：带双宾语的句子有两种改法: 一般情况下把指人的宾语作为被动
10、句的主语.当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词 to,forToms father bought him a book.He _ a book (by his father)A book_him (by his father)如：give be given to 此类动词有：pass, show, send 如：buy be bought for 此类动词还有：draw，make, cook, mend温馨提示 2：感官动词(hear, see, watch, feel, notice 等)和使役动词(let ,make have 等 )在主动语态中后接不带 to 的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态
11、时, 把 to 加在动词原形之前 .They made the boys work 12 hours a day.The boys were made to work 12 hours a day.We often see him go for a walk by the river.He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.大战小马虎 1，你能胜吗？ 动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢！take care of be taken care of cut down be cut downlaugh at be laughed at look
12、 after be looked after短语动词的被动语态I can take good care of the baby. The baby can be taken good care of.大战小马虎 2，你能胜吗？ 不及物动词（ vi.)不能用于被动语态 Taste， happen, take place ,appear, disappear,belong to ,break out (爆发）在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态： 连系动词不用被动语态。如： be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, tu
13、rn, become 1、 The soup _(taste) delicious.2、A traffic accident _(happen) just now.中考名题回顾：1.-Did you go to Jims birthday party?-No, I _ (北京 2010 年中招试题)A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invited2. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river.A. neednt be thrown
14、B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw (重庆 2011 年中招试题)3.You may go fishing if your work_. (河北 2009 年中招试题)A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done4.We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean. (辽宁 2009 年中招试题)A. not to make much noise B. to throw waste paper
15、C. to draw D. not to spit堂堂清 姓名_一、选择题1. The boy _ to study English by his brother on Saturdays.A.helps B.helpedC.is helped D.is helps2. My pen _ two weeks ago.A.founds B.foundC.is found D.was found3.- What do you think of the football match yesterday ?- Its surprising. The strongest team _.A. was be
16、aten B. won C. scored D. was failed4.I wont come to the party unless Sue_.A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited5.What are on show in the museum?Some photos _ by African children.A. are taken B. have been taken C. taken D. were taken6. The boy _ study at home by her last Sunday.A made B
17、was made C was made to D made to7. A talk on Chinese history _in the school hall next week. A is given B has been given C will give D will be given8. He _ go into the room just now.A saw B was seen C was seen to D saw to二、句式变化1.Rice is planted in South China .2.He borrowed some books yesterday . 三、用动词的适当形式填空1. The window _ （break）by me last evening .2. English _ (speak )by many people in the world.3Some satellites _ ( send )into the space in China so far.
