1、The Participle As an Attributive （分词做状语）,I. -ing Participleas Attributive,主动式：doing 被动式：being done,These new words are adopted or coined to answer the needs of the changing society.,Look at the sleeping boy!,the society that is changing,the boy who is sleeping,1.现在分词作定语，意义上接近一个定语从句，表示一个正在进行的动作、一个经常性
2、的动作或某一种状态。,My uncle, working in the south, will be coming in a few days.,My uncle, who works in the south,1. These new words are adopted or coined to answer the needs of the changing society.,2. Look at the sleeping boy!,3. My uncle, working in the south, will be coming in a few days.,2.现在分词作定语时，一般而
3、言，一个单词应放在被修饰词的前面；现在分词短语则必须置于其后。,3.用现在分词短语作定语时，要注意分词所表示动作发生的时间。 (1)现在分词表示正在进行的动作（变为从句时要用进行时态） (2)现在分词表示经常性的动作或状态，变为从句时用一般现在时或一般过去时。 The man standing there is our headmaster. There were a lot of boys playing football on the playground at that time. They lived in a room facing south. My uncle, working
4、in the south, will be coming in a few days.,并不是所有的定语从句可以用分词短语替换。 1. The man who came this morning is our class teacher. 2. Can you tell me the accident that happened yesterday? 3. Those who have finished their work can go home now. 4. Is there anyone who can answer this question? 5. The problem that
5、 is being discussed now is really difficult to deal with. 6. A century before the birth of Christ, tea was described as a health drink that made one live longer.,being discussed now,making one live longer.,The Gerund or the Present Participle ?,a sleeping boy =,a bag for sleeping (用途，性质),a boy who i
6、s sleeping （状态或正在进行的动作）,a sleeping bag =,an amusing cross talk,a washing machine,drinking water,Smiling faces,the rising sun,the waiting room,the dancing girls,II. -ed Participleas Attributive,done,过去分词作定语 1. 作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。2. 及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。 * The speech gi
7、ven by Professor Li was a great success. * The computer center, built last term, is very popular among the students in the school.* fallen leaves; the risen sun; a developed country,Practice:,1. The meeting _ (hold) tomorrow is important,2. The meeting _ (hold) now is important.,3. The meeting _(hol
8、d) yesterday is important.,to be held,being held,held,Translation： 1.冉冉升起的太阳 2.受苦的人民 3.放在桌子上的钱夹 4.站在树下的男孩 5.芬芳的花朵,the rising sun,the suffering people,the wallet lying on the desk,the boy standing under the tree,the flowers smelling sweet,6.惊讶的表情 7.在超市购买的食品 8.事故中受伤的人们 9.走丢的孩子 10.饭后水果,the surprised ex
9、pression,the goods bought in the supermarket,the people injured in the accident,the lost child,/ the missing child,the fruit served after dinner,The Participle As a Predicative （分词做表语）,1.现在分词 在句子中充当表语 现在分词在句子中作表语表示主语所具有的特征。Football is exciting to most of the boys The situation is encouraging., 动名词作表
10、语表示抽象的一般性的行为。 Her job is teaching disabled children. Reading is learning, but applying is also learning,2.过去分词 在句子中充当表语 过去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示动作。 He is retired. The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday,Passive voice,The Participle As an Object Complement （分词做宾补）,We saw him _.,We saw _,W
11、e saw_,jump into the box,them dancing,him knocked down,1. see, look at, notice, observe, watch, hear, listen to, feel . 2. get, have, find, keep, leave . 3. with + O. + doing/donecatch sb. doing, last see sb. doing make oneself done,注意： 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时表示动作正在发生（即处于发生的过程中，还没有结束）或者动作持续When I entered th
12、e room, I found him reading something aloud.I heard her crying the whole night.The manager kept us waiting for a long time.,上面这类句子也可以变为被动结构。We were kept waiting for quite a lot of time.She was heard crying the whole night,过去分词做宾语补足语表示被动，动作完成，或状态。 1. I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。 2
13、. He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。,1. 过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。 * He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了） 2. 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。* He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。 （自己的经历）,We can see a boy singing inthe picture.,We can see a boy singing in the picture.,主语 谓语 宾语,宾补,V+-ing的作宾语补足语的用法,Object Complemen
14、t(作宾补)：Sometimes an ing form is placed after the noun it modifies(修饰).,过去分词作宾语补足语 （一）能够接过去分词作宾补的动词： 1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, 等。(1) I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。（过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard；）(2) He found his hometown greatly change
15、d. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。（过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found）,2. 表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。 (1) Ill have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。 (2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 (3) Dont leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。 【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。,（二）使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。 1. 过去分词所表示
16、的动作由他人完成。 (1) He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了） 2. 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。如：(2) He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。 （自己的经历）,现在分词与过去分词作宾语补足语的区别: 现在分词做宾语补足语，如：Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face. 注：现在分词做宾语补足语表示动作与谓语同时发生或正在进行，强调动作过程。 过去分词做宾语补足语，如：He watched the TV set carried out of the room.Last year they had the house rebuilt.When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood. 注：过去分词做宾语补足语表示动作完成结果，并有被动意义。,
