1、掌门 1 对 1 教育 高中英语时态概述 2Review for tense (2): 一现在完成时 Have done时间状语：recently, lately, sincefor, in the past few years, etc.Oral practice： The weather has been cold so far this winter.注：现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时强调动作的动态，或受动态的影响，是动态的结果，对现在有影响；过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。have been 和 have gone
2、/come 的区别：Have you been there ever?He has gone to shanghai.考点与难点 ： It is the first second third time that中，that从句中的谓语动词须用现在完成时。例如：It is the third time that Mr Smith has come to China. 这是史密斯先生第三次来中国。 先行词是最高级或被最高级形容词修饰时，定语从句常用现在完成时。用法 举例表示过去发生的某一动作对现在有影响，句中没有具体时间状语。I have lost my wallet.(目前还未找到)I have
3、 just had my lunch.(不饿了)表示过去已经开始，持续的现在的动作或状态。也许动作还将持续下去。常和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：so far, now, in the past few years, today, this week, up to now.We have lived in Beijing for 5 years.I havent seen each other since 2006.现在完成时可用在时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作。Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework.If it
4、 has stopped snowing in the afternoon, well go to the park.例如： It is the most interesting story I have heard. 现在完成时也常用在when，before ，after ，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语中以及if引导的条件从句，强调动作的完成或结果或表示将来。When he has finished his letters，he usually takes them to the post himself(强调完成)Please wait until I have fin
5、ished my homework( 表将来)二. 过去完成时: had done以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month), etc.Oral practice： I had stayed in Beijing for three years by then.考点与难点 ： 当before引导从句的动词用一般过去时的时候，主句动词用过去一般时或过去完成时都可以；当before表示两个动作的先后顺序时，过去完成时可用于主句或从句中。例句：The
6、 concert(had)started before we got to the hall 某些动词的过去完成时可以表示未完成的愿望。如had meant，had expected，had intended，had planed，had hoped，had wished，had thought (of)，had supposed ，had wanted 等。例句：I had hoped you might know 句型：1. HardlyScarcely had we left the house when it began to rain= We had hardly left the
7、house when it began to rain 我们一离开家就下雨了。例句：No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain2. 先行词是最高级或被最高级形容词修饰时，定语从句表示过去，常用过去完成时。例句：This was the most expensive meal we had ever had3. 在“It was(有时用had been)+一段时间+since从句” 结构中，since从句中用非延续性动词的过去完成时( 有时用一般过去时)。如用延续性或状态动词，表示动作或状态的完成或结束。例句： It was yea
8、rs since he had died用法 举例表示过去某一时间之前已经完成或结束的动作或状态。过去的某一时问通常是由 by 引导的时间状语或时间状语从句。By the time he arrived at the airport，the plane had taken offBy noon we had only covered half the distance表示持续到过去某一时间的动作或状态。It had rained for a week by MondayUp till then they had waited at the bus stop for about half an
9、hour四 过去将来完成时：should have done , would have doneOral practice: I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong. 我坚信到那年年底为止，那个软件的新版本将被开发出来。但是我错了。 （此句为被动语态）五、过去将来时：should do立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：the next day(morning, year), th
10、e following month(week),etc.Oral practice: I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.我星期四说我将于第二天拜访我的朋友六过去将来进行时：should be doing , would be doing Oral practice: The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.政府承诺说第二年 7 月将有一条新的高速公路正在修建。 （此句的时间状语是具体的将来时间，所以最好用将来进行
11、时。 ） （此句为被动语态）三. 将来完成时 will have done用法：表示从将来的某一时间开始、延续到另一个将来时间的动作或状态，或是发生在某个将来时间，但对其后的另一个将来时间有影响的动作或状态。就好象把现在完成时平移到时间轴的将来时时段一样。其用法从和过去及现在有关，变成了和将来及将来的将来有关。Practice: The conference _ a full week by the time it ends.A) must have lasted B) will have lasted C) would last D) has lasted七.现在完成进行时 have bee
12、n doing用法：表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。Oral practice: We have been working on this project for over a month now. 到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花了一个多月时间了。注意事项：与现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时更强调：在从过去到现在的时间里，动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现。八. 过去完成进行时：had been doingOral practice:The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up
13、 again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.我回到家之前，我 10 岁大的儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了。 （此处强调“拆卸”和“ 组装”这两个过去的过去的动作一直在反复进行。 ） （被动语态）Focused practice . Make the best choice.1. I know a little bit about Italy as my life and I _ there several years ago.A. are going B. had been C. w
14、ent D. have been 2. How can I apply for an online course?Just fill out this form and we _ what we can do for you.A. see B. are seeing C. have see D. will see3. Send my regards to your lovely wife when you _ home.A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write4. _ and happy, Tony stood up and accepte
15、d the prize.A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising5. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _ rising these days.A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping6. What we used to think _ impossible now seems possible.A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 7. My cousin
16、 went to Canada two years ago. He _ there for a few months and then went to America.A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working8. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.A.takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off C.took off9. Do you know if Terry will
17、go camping this weekend?九、将来完成进行时：shall have been doing，will have been doingOral practice: By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years. 到下个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了 3 年了。 （被动语态）十、 过去将来完成进行时：should have been doing , would have been doingOral practice: They said that by the
18、end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years. 他们说到第二个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了 3 年了。Terry? Never! She _ tents and fresh air!（2008 上海）A. has hated B. hated C. will hate D. hates10. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _ off at 18:20.A. takes B. took C. will be tak
19、en D. has taken11. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front _to arrive. A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected12. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money. A. phone B. will phone C. were ph
20、oning D. are phoning13. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane_. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off 14. I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _. A. went; was occurring B. went; occurredC. was going; occurred D. was going; h
21、ad occurred15. The play had already been on for quite some time when we _ at the New Theatre.A. have arrived B. arrived C. had arrived D. arrive16. Tom, you didnt come to the party last night?I _, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.A. had to B. didnt C. was going to D. wouldnt17. We _ ou
22、r new neighbors yet, so we dont know their names.A. dont meet B. wont meet C. havent met D. hadnt met18. -Hi, Tracy, you look tired-I am tired .I _ the living room all day.A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have paintedKey: CDDBC BABDA AABCB CCCHome assignment . Make the best choice.
23、1. Where is the morning paper?I _ for you at once.A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will geta2. _ a concert next Saturday?A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are3. If they come, we _ a meeting.A. have B. will have C. had D. would have4. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating
24、.A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine5. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park.A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go6. There _ a birthday party this Sunday.A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to
25、 be D. will going to be7. They _ an English evening next Sunday.A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have8. Sorry, I cant open the door, for I _ the key to it.A. lost B. lose C. had lost D. have lost9. Its good to see you again, Agnes. This has been our first chance to vi
26、sit since _ from Iran.A. you return B. you returned C. you have returned D. returning10. Did you expect Frank to come to the party? No, but I had hoped _ .A. him coming B. him to come C. that he comes D. that he would come11. Bob must be very wealthy. Yes, he _ more in one day than I do in a week.A.
27、 has been earned B. had earned C. earns D. has earned12. Come on in, Peter, I want show you something. Oh, how nice of you! I _ you _ to bring me a gift.A. didnt think, were going B. hadnt thought, were goingC. never think, are going D. never thought, were going13. I first met Lisa three years ago.
28、She _at a radio shop at the time.A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked14. The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it.A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel15. Whats the matter, Ali? You look sad. -Oh, nothing much. As a matter o
29、f fact, I _ of my friends back home. A. just thought B. have just been thinking C. was just thinking D. have just thought16. When Li Ming hurried home, he found that his mother _already _to hospital.A has; been sent B had; sent C has; sent D had; been sent17. She _her keys in the office so she had t
30、o wait until her husband _home.A has left; comes B had left; would come C had left; came D left; had come18. Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years.A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying19. We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.A. know B. had known C. have k
31、nown D. knew20. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I_ it twice.A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. see21.These farmers have been to the United States.Really ? When _ there?A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone22. The house belongs to my aunt but she _ here anymore. A. hasnt li
32、ved B. didnt live C. hadnt lived D. doesnt live23. Your job _ open for your return. -Thanks. A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept24. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She _ before.A. hasnt flown B. didnt fly C. hadnt flown D. wasnt flying 25. -Mr.
33、Gorden asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Dont you forget it!-OK. I _. A. wont B. dont C. will D. do Key: 1-5 DBBCA 6-10 BBABD 11-15 CDBAC 16-20 DCCCB 21-25 BDAAA. Cloze.Most people in school liked Gloria So when she got sick，some boys planned to visit her But none of them wanted
34、to _1_ any money for a gift to bring along Then Willie said， “We can _2_ some flowers from a _3_ ”Gloria will not know _4_ they come from，and the dead man will not _5_ them Everybody was afraid，_6_ Willie So he went alone and _7_ some beautiful flowers Then they went to Glorias room，and the boys act
35、ed as if the flowers were from all of them，but _8_ did not mind After their visit，Willie _9_ the other boys， “It is a good thing that I was not afraid Gloria _10_ the flowers ”The other boys laughed Gloria would not have liked the flowers if she had known they had come from a grave That night，Willie
36、 was reading a book _11_ his mother came into his room “Willie，did you and other boys buy some flowers today _12_ Gloria？ ”she asked “Theres a man outside asking for you， ”she added “He says that you didnt _13_ the flowers ”“What does he look like？”Willie asked “Thats hard to say， ”Willies mother an
37、swered “He is all _14_ with mud ”Willie， all of a sudden，turned _15_ 1. A. keep B. cost C. take D. spend2. A. steal B. pick up C. buy D. plant3. A. shop B. store C. street D. grave4. A. how B. where C. when D. why5. A. miss B. lose C. hate D. love6. A. beside B. besides C. including D. except7. A. s
38、aw B. thought C. looked for D. found8. A. Gloria B. some C. Willie D. nobody9. A. told B. asked C. said to D. explained10. A. refused B. liked C. hated D. missed11. A. as B. when C. while D. suddenly12. A. to B. for C. on D. with13. A. ask for B. water C. like D. pay for14. A. painted B. dressed C.
39、wrapped D. covered15. A. sad B. red C. pale D. glad Keys: DADBC DDCCB BBDDC Reading.AStarted in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.In the early years, these scho
40、ol were much alike. Only young men went to college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of them b
41、ecame ministers or teachers.In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Harvards law school. In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began te
42、aching American history.As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal wit
43、h special fields of learning. Theres so much to learn that one kind of school cant offer it all.1. The oldest university in the US is _.A. Yale B. Harvard C. Princeton D. Columbia2.From the second paragraph, we can see that in the early years, _.A. those colleges and universities were the sameB. peo
44、ple, young or old, might study in the collegesC. students studied only some languages and scienceD. when the students finished their school, they became lawyers or teachers3.Modern languages the Harvard taught in 1825 were _.A. Latin and Greek B. Latin, Green, French and GermanC. American history an
45、d German D. French and German4. As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach_.A. everything that was known B. law and something about medicineC. many new subjects D. the subjects that interested students5.On the whole, the passage is about_.A. how to start a university B. the world-famous college
46、s in AmericaC. how colleges have changed D. what kind of lesson each college teacheskey：1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.CBAs one comes to some crossroads, he or she sees a sign which says that drivers have to stop when they come to the main road ahead. At other crossroads, drivers have to go slow, but they do not actually have to stop unless, of course, there is something coming along the main road; and at still others, they do not have either to stop or to go slow, because they are themselves on the main road.Mr. Williams, who was always a very careful driver, was drivin
