1、1虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下：1 在动词 suggest， order， demand， propose， command， request， desire， insist， require， decide， promise， resolve， argue， maintain， determine， recommend， advise， advocate，等表示“命令” 、 “建议” 、 “要求”动词后的宾语从句中。She insisted that the seats （should） be booked in advance. 她坚持要预定座位。He advised that the do
2、ctor （should） be sent for. 他劝我们派人请医生。注：如果上述动词作其他意思解释，或者说话者认为所讲的事是事实，要用陈述语气。When asked why he declined our invitation， he suggested that he was not on good terms with the director.真题重现【CET-4:2006.6 】The professor required that _ （我们交研究报告） 。参考答案：we hand in our research report（s ）2 在 advice， demand， or
3、der， necessity， resolution， decision， proposal， requirement， suggestion， idea， recommendation， request， plan，等名词后的主语从句或表语从句中 -上面动词对应的名词He issued the order that the troops （should ） withdraw at once. 他命令部队马上撤退。3 在形容词 important， necessary， imperative， natural， urgent， essential， appropriate， desirable
4、， vital， advisable， preferable， incredible 以及短语 no wonder， a pity 等可以构成“It is +形容词（名词）+that”句型中。 形容词主要是表示令人吃惊的、重要的、必要的、关键的。It is necessary that some immediate effort （should） be made. 必须立即采取行动。4 if 或 but for 等引导的条件句if 引导虚拟条件句的用法1）if 条件句条件从句 结果主句与现在事实相反 动词过去式(be 动词用 were) would+动词原形与过去事实相反 had+过去分词(h
5、ad done) would have done与将来事实相反 一般过去时/were+不定式/should+动词原形 would(should)+动词原形He wouldnt feel so cold if he were indoors.他要是在室内就不会觉得冷了。 （与现在事实相反）I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I had time， I would certainly go to the movies with you.我很抱歉，现在很忙。如果有时间，我肯定陪你去看电影了。 （与现在事实相反）The conference wouldnt h
6、ave been so successful if we hadnt made adequate preparations.如果我们不做充分的准备，会议是不会开得这么成功的。 （与过去事实相反）If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow， I should （would） stay at home.虚拟条件句的从句部分含有 were， should， 或 had 时， 可省略 if，再把 were， should 或 had 移到从句的句首，实行倒装。例如：Were they here now， they could help us. =If
7、they were here now， they could help us.Had you come earlier， you would have met him. =If you had come earlier， you would have met him. Should it rain， the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain， the crops would be saved.2）混合时间虚拟语气（主要是抓住时间状语） If I had studied English at school, I could read the Engli
8、sh novel now. (对过去事实虚拟+对现在事实虚拟) 2(or, or else, otherwise) I forget where I read the article, or I would show it to you now. (与现在相 反Mary couldnt have received my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now. (与过去相 反)3）but for withoutbut for=if it were not for/if it had not been forlBut for you
9、r help they would not have fulfilled the task in time.Without your help they would not have fulfilled the task in time.真题重现【CET-4:2006.12】The victim _（本来会有机会活下来）if he had been taken to hospital in time 参考答案：would have survived5 It is （high， about） time (that)句型要求用虚拟语气谓语动词用过去式，指现在或将来的情况，表示“早该干某事而已经有些
10、晚了” 。Its time_（采取措施） about the traffic problem downtown.something was done/some measures were taken6 动词 wish 后的宾语 从句用虚拟语气与现在事实相反 were 或动词的一般过去式与过去事实相反 had done 或 would/could have done将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望 would/should(could, might)+动词原形I wish she were here. 她在这里就好了。I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 但
11、愿你明天跟我们一块去。I wish she had taken my advice. 那时她要是听我的话就好了。7 if only 后用虚拟语气（相当于 How I wish） （要是就太好了）现在没有实现的愿望 一般过去式过去没有实现的愿望 过去完成式If only she had known where to find you. 他要是知道到哪里去找你就好了。If only I could speak several foreign languages！我要是能讲几种外语就好了！8 would rather （希望他人干某事）I would rather you didnt speak r
12、udely to her. (与现在事实相反) Id rather you hadnt spoken rudely to her. (与过去事实相反)区别：I would rather stay at home. （自己干某事）9 as if (though) 引起的从句:They talked (are talking) as if they had been friends for years.It seems as if it was (were) spring today.He acts (acted) as if (though) he were (was) an expert.此外
13、，如果主句谓语动词是 look，seem ，taste，smell 等词时，从句中也可用陈述语气。例如： It looks as if she is in love again10 以 lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句( 这时谓语多用 should +动词原形):He took his raincoat with him lest it should rain.He put his coat over the child for fear that (或 lest) he should catch cold.Ill keep a seat for you
14、in case you should need it.3虚拟语气练习1Jean doesnt want to work right away because she thinks that if she _ a job she probably wouldnt be able to see her friends very often A）has to get B ）were to get C ）had got D ）could have got2 _ for your help，wed never have been able to get over the difficulties A）H
15、ad it not B）If it were not C）Had it not been D）If we had not been3Oh，what a nuisance！It _ so easy for me to bring those photographs I wanted to show you，but I have left them on the table at home A）would have been B ）had been C）would be D ）was4If we had been more careful，we _ much better results now
16、A）would be getting B）would have got C）got D ）had got5He suggested _ to tomorrows exhibition together A）us to go B）we went C ）we shall go D）we go6It is recommended that the project _ until all the preparations have been made A）is not started B ）will not be started C ）not be started D）is not to be sta
17、rted7Its necessary _ the dictionary immediately A）that he will return B ）that he returned C）that he return D）that he has to return8It is of the utmost importance that you _ here on time A）be B ）shall be C）are to be D ）must be9One of the requirements for a fire is that the material _ to its burning t
18、emperature A）is heated B）will be heated C）be heated D）would be heated10I wish I _ longer this morning，but I had to get up and come to class A）could have slept B ）sleep C）might have slept D）have slept11Its already 5oclock nowDont you think its about time _ ？ A）we are going home B）we go home C ）we wen
19、t home D ）we can go home12The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _ himself A）injure B ）had injured C）injured D）would injure13That tree looked as if it _ for a long time A）hasnt watered B）didnt water C）hadnt been watered D）wasnt watered14Id rather you _ anything about it for the time bei
20、ng A）dont do B）did C）didnt do D）would do15Look at the terrible situation I am in！If only I _ your advice A）follow B）had followed C）would follow D）have followedBCAAD CCACA CACCB 一倒装1当“only+状语（从句） ”位于句首表示强调时用倒装，如不在句首或虽在句首但不修辞状语时用正常语序。Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound
21、conclusion.Only in this way can we catch up with the worlds advanced levels in science and technology.其他如：only then, only once, only in AmericaChina, only after the accident 等。真题重现【CET-6：2007.6】Only in the small town_. (他才感到安全和放松)参考答案：does she feel secure and relaxed2never 等具有否定意义的词或词组居于句首时用倒装。这类词或词
22、组常用的有：never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, not until, by no means, under 4no circumstances, under no condition, in no way(决不), in no case(决不), neither (nor), no sooner(than), hardly(when), barely(仅仅，几乎不), on no account, in no circumstances(决不), not a bit, nowhere, not onlybut also 等。Not
23、only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet. 丘吉尔不仅是一位政治家，还是一位诗人。Never in all my life have I heard such nonsense. 我从未听到过这种胡说！真题重现【CET-6：2007.12】 The witness was told that under no circumstances_.(他都不应该对法庭说谎)【CET-6：2007.1】 _( 直到截止日他才寄出) his application form.【CET-42006.6】Not only_(他向我收费过高)，but he d
24、idnt do a good repair job either.参考答案：should he lie to the court.；Not until the deadline did he send (out)；did he overcharge me/did he charge me too much3. nor, neither；so 承前否定，前面是否定后面也是否定意义；前面是肯定后面也是肯定意义She never laughed, nor did she ever lose her temper. （2010 ）4the more, the more 结构中的倒装。【CET-4：20
25、06.6】90. The more you explain, _(我愈糊涂).参考答案：the more confused I am5. as / though 引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前） 。as让步虽然，尽管词序倒装。语气比 though 强 。 Successful as he is, he is not proud. 他虽成功，却不骄傲。Womon as she is, shes every brave.Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactor
26、ily.注意：A) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。B) 句首是实义动词 , 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。二强调句1It is/was +被强调部分+that/who 对于这个结构，需要注意以下几点：强调句型中的系动词除 is 和 was 之外，没有其他形式的变化;被强调部分如果是人，可以用 who, 也可以用 that,其他情况用 that（常识性知识，一般不能作为考点） 。在 notuntil 句型里，如果强调由 until 所引导的时间状语时， not 须跟在 until 之前，即构成 It is not untilthat 结构。It is b
27、ecause she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the serious situation.她不知道如何应对这种严重情况是因为她太缺乏经验了。It is because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.正是因为水涨了，他们没有渡过河去。注：强调的如果是原因状语从句，只能由 because 引导，不能由 since, as 或 why 引导。It was not until the second year that he has adapted himself to the college life.直到第二年他才适应了大学生活。真题重现【CET-6：2007.1】 _( 直到截止日他才寄出) his application form.参考答案：It was not until the deadline that he sent (out)
