1、Module 12 Summer in LA,Unit 3 language points,主谓一致,Grammer,主语不同，谓语动词的形式就会不同，谓语动词的人称和数随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化，这就是我们所说的主谓一致。英语的主谓一致大致可以分为两类，一类是语法上一致，一类是意义上一致。,语法主谓一致指如果主语形式上是复数形式，其谓语动词也是复数形式；主语是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词也是单数第三人称形式。如： His flight leaves early on Monday morning. A few students from his school are going ,too.
2、,语法主谓一致,在语法主谓一致中要注意以下几种情况： 1）由连接两个名词时，谓语动词一般用复数形式，如： The mother and father speak a little English. Both bread and butter are sold out. 面包和黄油都卖光了。,2）either, each, every, no+单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，如： Each of us has got a new book. 我们每个人都有一本新书。 No student likes this kind of computer games. 没有一个学生喜欢这款游戏。,注意：
3、 当none of作主语时，如果其后的名词是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；如果是可数名词，谓语动词可以用单数形式，也可以用复数形式。如： None of the water was left. None of the students has/ have ever been to the island.,意义主谓一致指谓语动词的形式变化不是视主语的形式如何，而是视其所指为单数还是复数。在意义主谓一致中有以下几点要注意：,意义主谓一致,1）表示金钱、时间、距离等的名词按单数对待，如： Two thousand dollars is the cost of the course. Four ki
4、lometres is not very far. Eight hours is really a very long time. 因为不论多少钱都可以算作一笔钱，多远的距离都可以视为一段距离，多长的时间都可以看作一段时间。,2）集体名词一般按单数对待，但如果强调其成员可以视为复数，如： His family is coming to meet him at the airport. The whole family were having supper when I dropped in. 常见的同种用法的集体名词有family, group, class, population等。但是po
5、lice, people, cattle 作主语时， 谓语动词却都要用复数形式。如： The police havent caught the thief yet.,3）在 “some/the rest of+名词”的结构中，要视名词所指而定。 作主语的如果是some/the rest of接名词，一般要看其后名词是可数还是不可数，是单数还是复数。如果是复数形式，那么谓语动词也要用复数形式；如果是单数，那么谓语动词也要用单数形式。如： The rest of the money was given to him.,如： Some of the summer camps are in the c
6、ountryside or on lakes. 其中 一些夏令营扎在乡村或湖上。 The rest of the money was given to him. 剩下的钱都给了他。,1）there be 句型中的主谓一致 虽然在there be 句型中there具有语法主语的功能，但是主谓一致却常常是视后面的名词而定。如： There are many things to do in Los Angeles. There is little water left in the cup.,特殊句型中的主谓一致,2）定语从句中的主谓一致 当定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语动词形式如何
7、确定呢？我们知道引导词本身只是一个形式。定语从句中谓语动词的形式是根 据先行词而定的。如：,如： Every day we have activities which take place after class.which指的是activities,因此，谓语动词用复数形式。 (2) I have got some great shots of the boy who plays the guitar on the left.who指the boy，因此，谓语动词也要用单数形式。,3）由eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also连接的两个词作主语时，根据就近
8、原则，谓语动词的形式以邻近的主语的数而定。如： Either Bob or Peter is watching the 17th World Cup now,1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words.,1 One of my best friends_ (have) moved to America. 2 The student, with the host family, _(be) invited to a welcome party when he arrived at the city. 3 In summe
9、r, my family always_ (eat) lunch in the park.,has,was,eats,4 At the moment, the whole class_(enjoy) sightseeing trips in the city. 5 The government_ (be) trying to protect the environment. 6 My study group_ (want) to have pen friends. 7 My fathers company_ (be) paying for summer courses for our clas
10、s.,is/ are enjoying,is,want,is,8 Our team_ (have) organized a match against a visiting school. 9 Six weeks_ (be) a long time to be away from home. 10 The police_ (be) hoping therell be no trouble at the concert.,has,is,are,2. Read the advertisement. Complete the sentences with the correct form of th
11、e words in the box.,Let an American family teach you all about life in the USA. Students study together in groups. Plenty of activities for students. For students from all over the world. Cost: $800,1 Students are put into groups, and each group_ together. 2 The_ of the course is $800. 3 _is with lo
12、cal American families. 4 The whole family_ students about life in the USA.,accommodation come cost culture progress provide take part teach study,studies,cost,Accommodation,teaches,5 Its a great way to learn about American_. 6 Plenty of activities_ for students. 7 All students are encouraged to_ in
13、different activities. 8 Students_ from all over the world. 9 By the end of the course, students will have made lots of new friends - and good _in English!,culture,are provided,take part,come,progress,4. Answer the questions so that they are true for you.,1 What is your favorite music group? 2 Where
14、does your family live? 3 What is the name of one of your best friends? 4 What lesson is your class going to have after this one? 5 What sports team do you support, and why?,5. Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.,Dear Tina, Im writing to you from Beijing where our clas
15、s (1)_Chinese at a language school. Although my understanding of Chinese customs (2)_, Im still finding things difficult.,help improve know organise speak stay study travel,is studying,is improving,I-with someone else in my class, (3) _in a Chinese home. The Chinese family(4)_us with our Chinese. Th
16、e mother and father (5) _a little English, but the rest of the family if (6)_only Chinese to us. Every morning a small group of us (7),am staying,help,know,speak,_to school together. In the afternoon, after class, the school (8) _plenty of activities for us. Im having a good time, but I wish my whol
17、e family were here with me! Love, Kirsty,travels,organises,6. Complete the conversation with the correct phrases in the box.,as soon as check in of course pay for pick up take off take place,Naomi: Are you sure weve got tickets, Mike? Mike: (1)_. I booked them on Wednesday, on the Internet. Naomi: D
18、id you (2)_them online?,Of course,pay for,Mike: Yes. Then I went to (3)_them_at the office in the city centre. Naomi: When does our plane(4)_? Mike: In an hour. But we need to (5) _immediately. (6)_we arrive, well go straight to the meeting. Naomi: When does it (7)_?Mike: At two oclock this afternoo
19、n.,pick,up,take off,check in,As soon as,take place,7. Listen and answer the questions.,1 Who has left the message?2 What is the surname of Janes American family?3 Where is Wang Feng now?,Wang feng left the message.,The surname of the American family is Brown.,Hes at home with his American family.,4
20、What does he think of his American family?5 What are they going to watch?6 What does Wang Fengs family think of the jazz group?,He thinks that theyre really nice.,Theyre going to watch a volleyball match.,They think that theyre really good.,Jazz planet,Canada,$5,a free drink,Module task,Having a cla
21、ss discussion about summer courses,9. Plan what you want to say about summer courses. Think about your answers to the questions and write notes.,1 Have you ever taken a summer course? How was it? 2 Is it better to take a summer course or do something completely different? 3 If you werent doing well
22、in a subject, would you want to take a summer course?,4 If you take a summer course, does that make it difficult to start school again in autumn? 5 Write two good things about taking a summer course and two bad things.,think about what you want to say and how you want to say it. Speak loudly and cle
23、arly so everyone can understand what you say. Listen politely to what the other students say and ask questions. .,10. Take part in your class talk.,Exercise,中考练兵,1. No news _ good news. I think hell be back soon.A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. Maths _ my favourite subject.A. are B. is C. am D. be,中考练
24、兵,3. Half of the class _ most of the work. Some of the work_ really difficult.A. have done, is B. has done, areC. has done, is D. have done, are 4. In our class _ of the students _girls.A. three fifth, are B. three fifths, are C. third fifth, is D. three fifths, is,中考练兵,5. Both Kate and I _ ready fo
25、r the picnic now.A. is not B. am getting C. are getting D. is getting 6. Are there any fish in the lake now?No. _ any water in it in winter.A. There isnt B. There arent C. It isnt D. They arent,7. Dont worry, Mum! No news _ good news. Im sure Daddy will come back very soon.A. is B. are C. were D. was 8. A pair of new shoes _ given to me as a present by my father.A. will B. has C. is D. are,中考练兵,中考练兵,9. Twenty minutes _ not enough for you to finish it.A. were B. has C. are D. is 10. There _ an apple and someoranges on the table.A. is B. are C. has D. have,Thank you!,
