1、课时作业(九) 必修 Unit 9 Wheels授课提示:对应学生用书第 273 页课时练(一) 阅读理解提速练 练速度(限时:35 分钟)阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分)第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A2019长春市质量监测Exhibitions in the British MuseumHokusai: beyond the Great WaveKatsushika Hokusai (17601849) is widely regarded as one of Japans most f
2、amous and influential artists. He produced works of astonishing quality right up until his death at the age of 90. This new exhibition will lead you on an artistic journey through the last 30 years of Hokusais life a time when he produced some of his most memorable masterpieces.25 May13 August 2017R
3、oom 35Adults 12; Members/under 16s freePlaces of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 18501950Drawn from the British Museums rich collection, this is the first exhibition devoted to landscape drawings and watercolours by British artists in the Victorian and modern eras two halves of very differe
4、nt centuries.23 February28 August 2017Room 90Free, just drop inScythians: warriors of ancient SiberiaThis major exhibition explores the story of the Scythians nomadic tribes and masters of mounted warfare, who flourished between 900 and 200 BC. Their encounters with the Greeks, Assyrians and Persian
5、s were written into history but for centuries all trace of their culture was lost buried beneath the ice.14 September 201714 January 2018Room 30Adults 16.50; Members/under 16s freePolitics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli GiftThis display is part of the Museums contribution to
6、 the IndiaUK Year of Culture 2017. It looks at the popular print culture of India from the 1880s until the 1950s.19 July3 September 2017Room 90aFree, just drop in【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文,对大英博物馆的四个展览做了简要介绍,包括这些展览的内容、开放时间、地点等。【难句分析】 This new exhibition will lead you on an artistic journey through the last 30 y
7、ears of Hokusais life a time when he produced some of his most memorable masterpieces.分析:本句中 a time when he produced some of his most memorable masterpieces 是 the last 30 years of Hokusais life 的同位语;when he produced some of his most memorable masterpieces是定语从句,修饰 a time,关系词 when 在定语从句中作时间状语。译文:这一新的展
8、览将带领你踏上(感受)Hokusai 人生最后30 年的艺术之旅,( 这是) 一段他创作了一些 (令人) 最难忘的杰作的时期。1If you are interested in drawings of natural scenery, you will probably go to _.ARoom 35 B Room 90C Room 30 DRoom 90a答案与解析:B 考查细节理解。根据“Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 18501950”这一部分中的“this is the first exhibition devot
9、ed to landscape drawings and watercolours”可知,该展览是关于风景画的,且根据 “Room 90”可知,应选 B 项。2Which exhibition can you attend in October 2017?AHokusai: beyond the Great Wave.B Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia.C Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 18501950.DPolitics and paradise: Indian popula
10、r prints from the Moscatelli Gift.答案与解析:B 考查细节理解。根据“Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia”这一部分中的“14 September 201714 January 2018”可知,在 2017 年十月份可以去参观Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia。故选 B 项。3Where can we most probably find the passage?AIn a health report.B In a story book.C In a parenting maga
11、zine.DIn a tour guide.答案与解析:D 考查推理判断。根据本文的标题“Exhibitions in the British Museum”及全文内容可知,本文是对大英博物馆的四个展览的介绍,由此可知,这篇文章可能出现在游览指南中。D 选项意为“在一本游览指南中” 。故选D 项。BWhen I was five or six years old, I remember watching TV and seeing other children suffer in other parts of the world. I would say to myself, “When I
12、grow up, when I can get rich, I will save kids all over the world.”At 17, I started my career here in America, and by the age of 18, I started my first charity organization. I went on to team up with other organizations in the following years, and met, helped, and even lost some of the most beautifu
13、l souls, from sixyearold Jasmina Anema who passed away in 2010 from leukemia (白血病), and whose story inspired thousands to volunteer as donors, to my grandmother, who lost her battle with cancer in 2012, and her death is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation (CLF).
14、Were all human. And we all just want a chance: a chance at life, a chance in education, a chance at a future, really. And at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one.People make it seem too hard to do charity work. The truth is, you dont have to be rich to
15、 help others. You dont need to be famous. You dont even have to be collegeeducated. But it starts with your neighbor, the person right next to you, the person sitting next to you in class, the kid down the block in your neighborhood. You just do whatever you can to help in any way that you can. And
16、today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that touches your heart. My grandmother always used to say, “If youve got a dollar, theres plenty to share.”【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。小时候在电视中看到世界的一些地方遭受困苦的孩子时, “我”便下定决心长大后要帮助他们;十八岁时“我”创立了自己的第一个慈善组织。
17、慈善无关贫富,无关名誉,无关教育背景;从帮助身边的人做起,你将成就你的事业。【难句分析】 And today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that touches your heart.分析:该句为主从复合句。句中“that touches your heart”为 that 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词“one situation”,关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语。译文:并且今天,我想要要求你们每个人,做出一份承
18、诺来帮助一个人,一个组织,一个感动你内心的场合。4What did the author want to do at a young age?AWatch TV.B Grow up quickly.C Become wealthy.DHelp other children.答案与解析:D 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的第二句“I would say to myself, When I grow up, when I can get rich, I will save kids all over the world.”并结合第一段内容可知,小时候在电视中看到受苦的孩子,作者想要在长大后帮助他们。故
19、D 项正确。5What directly caused the author to create and develop the CLF?AA sixyearold kids request.B Her grandmothers death of cancer.C Many volunteers inspiration.DOther organizations encouragement.答案与解析:B 考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句中的“to my grandmother, who lost her battle with cancer in 2012, and her death is t
20、he very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation (CLF)”可知,在 2012 年,祖母不敌癌症病魔而去世,这促使作者成立了克拉拉莱昂内尔基金会(CLF)。据此可知,是作者祖母患癌症去世这件事促使了作者成立并发展了克拉拉 莱昂内尔基金会(CLF)。故 B 项正确。6What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AA chance. BA task.C A life. DAn organization.答案与解析:C 考查代词指
21、代。根据第二段的最后一句“And at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one”可知,在克拉拉莱昂内尔基金会中,我们的任务是尽可能影响更多的生命,但这个任务从影响一个人的生命开始。根据该句中的“as many lives as possible”,结合“but. just one”可知,画线词 one 指代“a life”。故 C 项正确。干扰项分析:A 项意为 “一个机会” ,B 项意为“一项任务”,D 项意为“一个组织 ”,都与语境不符。7What does t
22、he author suggest people do in the last paragraph?ADo little things to help those around them.B Work hard to get a college education.C Challenge their friends to offer help.DDo charity work whoever you are.答案与解析:A 考查推理判断。根据第三段中的第五句“But it starts with your neighbor, the person right next to you, the
23、person sitting next to you in class, the kid down the block in your neighborhood”可知,慈善帮助可以从帮助你的邻居开始,帮助现在在你身边的人开始,帮助上课时坐在你旁边的人开始,帮助你家附近街区上的小孩开始。据此可以判断,作者建议慈善从帮助身边的人做起。故 A 项正确。C2019东北三省四市模拟Heres an idea whose time has come: A flu shot that doesnt require an actual shot.For the first time, researchers
24、have tested a flu vaccine patch (疫苗贴) in a human clinical trial and found that it delivered as much protection as a traditional injection with a needle. Doctors and public health experts have high hopes that it will increase the number of people who get immunized (免疫的) against the flu.Seasonal flu i
25、s responsible for up to half a million deaths around the world each year according to the World Health Organization. A team led by Georgia Tech engineer Mark Prausnitz has come up with an alternative method that uses “microneedles”. These tiny needles are so small that 100 of them, arranged in order
26、 on a patch, can fit under your thumb (拇指). Yet theyre big enough to hold vaccine for three types of flu.None of the study volunteers had serious side effects. The groups that got patches had mild skin reactions that were not seen in the regular needle group, while the volunteers in the regular need
27、le group were more likely to experience pain. Overall, 70 percent of the volunteers who got vaccine patches said theyd rather use them again than get a traditional flu shot. The study authors declared it a success on all fronts.The biggest beneficiaries could be people in lowand middleincome countri
28、es, where flu vaccines are hard to come by. Reducing pain is nice, but other benefits the patch costs less, is easier to transport, doesnt require refrigeration, can be selfadministered and doesnt cause waste of needles are even better.“Microneedle Patches have the potential to become ideal candidat
29、es for vaccination programs, ” wrote Katja Hoschler and Maria Zambon of Public Health England. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型流感疫苗贴的用法以及其优势和前景。【难句分析】 1.Heres an idea whose time has come: A flu shot that doesnt require an actual shot. (第一段)分析:这是一个复合句。 “whose time has come”是一个定语从句,修饰先行词“an idea”;that 引导的定
30、语从句修饰先行词“A flu shot”。Paraphrase (英英释义):Heres an idea and its time had come: A flu vaccine that doesnt need to be actually injected.2The groups that got patches had mild skin reactions that were not seen in the regular needle group, while the volunteers in the regular needle group, were more likely t
31、o experience pain.(第四段第二句)分析:这是一个并列复合句。while 连接的两个分句之间为对比关系;第一个 that 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 “The groups”;第二个 that 引导的定语从句修饰先行词“skin reactions”。Paraphrase(英英释义 ):The groups using the vaccine patch had a mild skin reactions, which the normal needle group didnt have, but the volunteers in regular needle group we
32、re more likely to suffer pain.【词汇积累】 injection n注射 alternative adj.可供替代的 on all fronts 在各方面 come by 设法得到8What is the passage mainly about?AA vaccine patch that cures people of their flu.B A clinical study that protects people from disease.C A patch that makes flu shots a thing of the past.DA method
33、that makes traditional flu shots painless.答案与解析:C 考查主旨大意。通读全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了一种能够治疗流感的新型流感疫苗贴。故 C 项正确。9What do we know about the vaccine patch?AIt is produced by the WHO.B It causes slight side effects.C It delivers vaccine to the little finger.DIt works badly on 30% of the volunteers.答案与解析:B 考查细节理解。关键句
34、:None of the study volunteers had serious side effects.(第四段第一句)译文:这个研究的志愿者都没有出现严重的副作用。根据第三段第二句可知,世界卫生组织并不是疫苗贴的研发者,A 项与原文不符;根据第四段第二句可知,使用疫苗贴的人有轻微的皮肤反应,结合关键句可知,B 项与原文相符;C 项文章中未提及;根据第四段最后两句可知,D 项与原文不符。故 B 项正确。10The new patch has all the following benefits except that _.Ait is provided free of chargeB i
35、t can be used without a doctorC it can be kept at room temperatureDit needs less care in transportation答案与解析:A 考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段第二句中的“the patch costs less”可知,这种流感疫苗贴更便宜,但并不是免费的。故 A 项正确。11What is Katja and Marias attitude towards the new shot?ACautious. BFavorable.C Ambiguous. DDisapproving.答案与解析:B 考查观点
36、态度。关键句:. Microneedle Patches have the potential to become ideal candidates for vaccination programs.(最后一段)译文:微针贴片有可能成为疫苗接种项目的理想之选根据关键句可知,他们对疫苗贴片持支持态度。故 B 项正确。D2019四川省重点中学评估 Watching what you eat can be easier said than done, but a recent study shows it might not just be about whats on your plate it
37、could be about how quickly it disappears.Japanese researchers followed 1,083 adults for five years, splitting them into three categories based on how quickly they ate: slow, normal, and fast. They also answered a questionnaire at the beginning of the study, sharing their diet, physical activity, and
38、 medical history. In the beginning, none of the volunteers had metabolic syndrome(新陈代谢综合征) meaning at least three risk factors which can lead to health problems like heart conditions and diabetes. When the participants reported back five years later, 84 had been diagnosed (诊断) with metabolic syndrom
39、e and their eating speed was a major predictor, according to the results in the journal Circulation. The fast eaters were 89 percent more likely to have metabolic syndrome than slow and normal eaters. Just 2.3 percent of slow eaters received the diagnosis, compared to 11.6 percent of fast eaters. Bu
40、t thats not all. Fast eaters also saw more weight gain, larger waistlines, and higher blood sugar levels than slow eaters.The researchers say gobbling makes it easier not to take notice of fullness before your body has a chance to signal you to stop. “So when people eat fast they are more likely to
41、overeat, ” said Takayuki Yamaji, MD, study author and cardiologist at Hiroshima University in Japan in a statement.Previous research backs up the weight benefits of slow eating, too. One study of New Zealand women found fast eaters have higher bodymass indexes (指数), and a Chinese study found that bo
42、th healthy and fat men ate less when told to chew 40 times instead of 15 times before swallowing. Initial research even suggests chewing your food longer could burn more calories up to about 1,000 extra every month.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。不只吃什么影响健康,吃的速度也影响健康。【难句分析】 In the beginning, none of the volunteers h
43、ad metabolic syndrome(新陈代谢综合征) meaning at least three risk factors which can lead to health problems like heart conditions and diabetes.分析:这是一个复合句。主句是 In the beginning, none of the volunteers had metabolic syndrome; which can lead to health problems like heart conditions and diabetes 是定语从句。译文:起初,没有一
44、个志愿者有新陈代谢综合征意味着至少三种危险因素,可引起心脏病和糖尿病等健康问题。12What are the participants divided by?AMedical history.B Health condition.C Physical activity.DEating speed. 答案与解析:D 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“splitting them into three categories based on how quickly they ate: slow, normal, and fast”可知,按照参与者吃饭的速度,研究者将他们分为吃地慢、正常、快三个类别。1
45、3Which may be the result of the study?AFast eaters are 4 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome.B Normal and slow eaters dont have metabolic illness.C 89% of fast eaters have higher blood pressure.DSlow eaters are healthier than fast eaters.答案与解析:D 考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Fast eaters also saw more weig
46、ht gain, larger waistlines, and higher blood sugar levels than slow eaters”可知,比起吃地慢的人,吃地快的人体重增加更多、腰围更大、血糖水平也更高,反向推知,吃地慢的人比吃地快的人健康。14What does the underlined word “gobbling” in Paragraph 4 best mean?ATasting slowly.B Digesting quickly.C Eating greedily.DCooking carefully.答案与解析:C 考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“when p
47、eople eat fast they are more likely to overeat”可知,吃地快可能会让人吃地过多。所以这个词的意思应是“狼吞虎咽地吃” 。故选 C 项。15What does the last paragraph tell us?AThe importance of eating speed.B The advantage of eating slowly.C The result of a Chinese study.DFast eating and overeating.答案与解析:B 考查段落大意。根据文章最后一段的中心句“Previous research
48、backs up the weight benefits of slow eating, too”及下文内容可知,本段主要讲慢点吃的好处。第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019东北三省四市教研联合体一模Does your mood change with the seasons?Some people find that when the temperature goes down, so do their spirits. _1_ They eat more and gain weig
49、ht. They have trouble sleeping. They cant think clearly.Here are some ways you can beat the winter blues. Get out in the sun. Some experts say that winter blues happen because we get less sunlight in the winter than we do in other seasons. Some say that the decrease in sunlight can make us feel sad. _2_Get some exercise. A walk or other exercise will make chemicals called endorphin