1、1Unit 1 Growing UpFor TeachersI. Teaching plan (5 periods)ObjectivesStudents will be able to1) grasp the main idea and the structure of the text ( narration in chronological sequence)2) appreciate the narrative skills demonstrated in the text3) master the key language points and grammatical structur
2、es in the text4) conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.Pre-reading tasks1) Have you listened to John Lennons Beautiful Boy (2 minutes)2) The art of eating spaghetti (15 minutes)3) Tasks students some questions and introduce text A (8
3、 minutest)While-reading tasks1. The grasping the structure of the text: circle all the time words; text organization exercise 2 ; sum up the main idea (15 minutes) 2. Cultural background: explaining the American grade school system and how teachers are dressed. (3 minutes)3. Explain language points
4、and gives Ss practice. (60 minutes)4. Explain grammatical structures (25 minutes)5. Text analysis and theme-related language learning tasks (32 minutes)Post-reading tasks1. Think alone: According to Mr. Fleagle, what is the essence of the essay? (5 minutes)2. Check students after-text exercises and
5、solve some common errors (10 minutes)3. Check students home reading (text B) (3 minutes)4. Ss do Part IV: Theme-related Language Learning Tasks in class (1 period)5. Ask the students to prepare the next unit (2 minutes)II. Text Analysis Russell Baker is very good at selecting details (see Part IV Wr
6、iting Strategy) to prove his point. For example, in Para. 2 he creates an unfavorable image of Mr. Fleagle by describing his “formal, rigid and hopelessly out-of-date” eyeglasses, hairstyle, clothes, jaw, nose, and manner of speaking. Whats more, Russell Baker employs repletion not only to make it e
7、asy for readers to follow what he is saying, but also to impress them more deeply. For example, in Para. 2, there are 9 prims or primlys in as few as 3 sentences! Thus readers will have in their mind a vivid picture of what Mr. Fleagle looked like. Another example of such repetition can be found in
8、Para. 5. Count how many I wanteds there are in this paragraph (there are 5!). They help to emphasize Russell Bakers strong desire to write for himself.On the other hand, where this stylistic device is not justified, Baker is also expert in avoiding repetition by employing synonymous words and phrase
9、s. Here are some 2examples:a. dull, lifeless, cheerless, tediousb. turn out, write, compose, put downc. recapture, relived. topic, titleIII. Cultural notesa) Grade schools in the US.: It is necessary to have some knowledge of grade schools in the U.S. because Ss have to realize that “the third year
10、in high school” (para. 1) equals “the eleventh grade” (para. 9). U.S. students generally go through elementary schools (kindergarten to 5th or 6th grade), middle schools (grades 6-8) or junior highs schools (grades 7-9), and high schools (grades 9-12 or 10-12).b) What American teachers wear in schoo
11、l: Nowadays, people in the U. S. love to dress causally. Even among those companies with a rigid dress code some now allow employees not to wear suits on Fridays. U.S. teachers were fairly formal clothes to school, but not necessarily suits and ties. Bow ties are considered even more old-fashioned t
12、han ties.c) Spaghetti and the proper way of eating it: Spaghetti is the Italian-style thin noodle, cooked b boiling and served with sauce. Usually you would put a fork into a plate of spaghetti, turn the fork several times so that spaghetti will wind around the fork, then place the fork into your mo
13、uth. Its impolite to suck.IV. Language Study 1. off and on: adv. In an intermittent manner: slept off and on last night.2. possibility: The fact or state of being possible. Something that is possible.Is it a possibility that you will work abroad?There is no possibility of his coming.The new inventio
14、n contains wonderful possibilities.3. take hold: to start to have an effectThe fever was beginning to take hold.4. bore: To make weary by being dull, repetitive, or tedious:The play bored us.Im bored with this job.Its bore to little children having to go to school every day.5. associate: To connect
15、or join together; combine; To connect in the mind or imaginationassociate one thing with anotherWe associate China with the Greet Wall.What do you associate with such a heavy snow?6. assignment: a piece of work that is given to a particular personreceive an assignment 接收一项任务What is todays assignment
16、 in history?今天历史课指定的作业是什么?He has got a new assignment.他得到一项新任命。7. turn out: a. to shut off: turned out the lights.3b. to arrive or assemble, as for a public event or entertainment: A large group of protesters have turned out.c. To produce, as by a manufacturing process; make: an assembly line turnin
17、g out cars.d. To be found to be, as after experience or trial: The rookie turned out to be the best hitter on the team.e. To end up; result: The cake turned out beautifully.f. To equip; outfit: troops that were turned out beautifully.g. Informal To get out of bed.h. To evict; expel: The tenants were
18、 turned out.8. agony: The suffering of intense physical or mental pain.His last agony was over. 他临死的挣扎已经过去了。He was in an agony of remorse. 他处于极端悔恨之中be in agony 苦恼不安death agony (=agony of death)临死时的痛苦, 垂死的挣扎in agony of pain 在痛苦的挣扎中in an agony of 处在极端.状态中9. assign: a. To set apart for a particular pur
19、pose; designate. 分派为某一特定目的分开；指派 b. To select for a duty or office; appoint. 选派为某项任务或工作选派；委派c. To give out as a task; allot. 作为任务分出；分配d. To ascribe; attribute. 归于；归属be assigned to a new post 被派到新的工作岗位assign a day for a meeting 确定开会日期assign property to another 把财产转让给别人assign ones failure to idleness 将
20、失败归因于懒惰assign homework 留家庭作业10. anticipate: To act in advance so as to prevent; forestall. To foresee and fulfill in advance.We anticipate great pleasure from our visit to London. 我们期待伦敦之行过得非常愉快。 We anticipate hearing from you again.我们期待再接到你们的来信。We anticipated our competitors by getting our products
21、 onto the market first.我们赶在竞争对手之前,先把产品推向市场。ardently anticipate 殷切地期望confidently anticipate 满怀信心地期望anticipate sb.s arrival with much pleasure 万分高兴地期待某人的到来。A man who always anticipates his income can never save or become rich.总是预支工资, 寅吃卯粮的人 , 永远不能储蓄或成为富人。He tried to anticipate all my needs.他设法将我需要的东西预
22、先准备好。Expect, anticipate, hope, await These verbs are related in various ways to the idea of looking ahead to something in the future. To expect is to look forward to the likely occurrence or appearance of 4someone or something: You can expect us for lunch. 你可以等我们一起吃午饭。“We should not expect something
23、 for nothing-but we all do and call it Hope” (Edgar W. Howe).“我们不应期待收获而不付出-相反我们应去做并称之为希望 ”（埃德加何奥）。Anticipate is sometimes used as a synonym of expect, but usually it involves more than expectation. Sometimes it refers to taking advance action, as to forestall or prevent the occurrence of something e
24、xpected or to meet a wish or request before it is articulated: Anticipate 有时被用作 expect 的同义词，但通常它不仅仅是期望这个意思，有时它指提前采取行动，来阻止预料中某事的发生或在一项要求或愿望说出之前使它得到满足： anticipated the attack and locked the gates; 预见会有袭击并锁上门；anticipating her desires. 预先满足她的愿望。The term can also refer to having a foretaste of something
25、expected before its occurrence: 这个词也指在预料中某物的出现前就已拥有：anticipate trouble. 过早陷入麻烦。To hope is to look forward with desire and usually with a measure of confidence in the likelihood of gaining what is desired: Hope 意思是热切期望并对获得所期待之物的可能性方面有一定的信心：I hope to see you soon. 我希望不久就见到你。Hope for the best, but expe
26、ct the worst. 做最大的希望，但也等待最大的失望。To await is to wait in expectation of; it implies certainty: Await 意思是满怀期望的等待；暗含肯定性：eagerly awaiting your letter. 热切等待你的来信。11. tedious: Tiresome by reason of length, slowness, or dullness; boring.a tedious story 冗长乏味的故事tedious work 乏味的工作boring, monotonous, tedious, irk
27、some, tiresome, humdrum.These adjectives refer to what is so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness. Boring implies feelings of listlessness and discontent: I had expected the book to be boring, but on the contrary it was fascinating. 我本以为这本书很乏味，但正好相反，它竟让人着迷。What is monotonous bores becaus
28、e of lack of variety: 表示 monotonous 的东西令人厌烦是因为缺少变化：“There is nothing so desperately monotonous as the sea”(James Russell Lowell). “没有东西更象大海一样单调到让人绝望了”（詹姆士 罗素洛威尔） 。Tedious suggests dull slowness or long-windedness: Tedious 说明令人乏味的缓慢或漫长的曲折：When we travel from coast to coast, we take a plane to avoid s
29、pending tedious days on the train. 当从一个海滨旅行到另一个海滨时，我们乘坐飞机以避免在火车上打发无聊时光。Irksome describes what is demanding of time and effort and yet is dull and often unrewarding: Irksome 指需要时间和努力，然而是单调而且通常是没有回报的：“I know and feel what an irksome task the writing of long letters is”(Edmund Burke). 5“我知道也感到写长信是一件多么令
30、人烦恼的任务” （埃德蒙 布克） 。Something tiresome fatigues because it seems to be interminable or to be marked by unremitting sameness: tiresome 的东西令人厌倦是因为它看起来无穷无尽或毫无变化：“What a tiresome being is a man who is fond of talking?(Benjamin Jowett). “夸夸其谈的人多么令人讨厌”（本杰明 乔维特） 。Humdrum refers to what is commonplace, trivia
31、l, or unexcitingly routine: Humdrum指陈腐、琐碎和无趣平凡的东西：She led a humdrum existence-all work and no play.她过着相当单调的生活只有工作，没有玩乐。12. reputation: The general estimation in which a person is held by the public; The state or situation of being held in high esteem.; A specific characteristic or trait ascribed to
32、a person or thinga man of no reputation 默默无闻的人; 没有声望的人a person of reputation 有信誉的人 , 体面的人build up a reputation 博得名声a blot smirch, stain on ones reputation 名誉上的污点have a good bad reputation 名誉好坏have a reputation for sth. (=have the reputation of)因.而著名, 以.闻名live up to ones reputation 不负盛名 ; 名副其实lose ru
33、in ones reputation 名誉扫地make an evil reputation for oneself 弄得声名狼藉of greatgood, high reputation 很有声望的, 享有盛名的of no reputation 声名狼藉的of reputation 有名望的13. inability: Lack of ability or means.employment inability 无就业能力, 失业inability to box 丧失比赛能力inability to defend oneself 没有自卫能力14. inspire: To fill with
34、enlivening or exalting emotion:inspire a new thought into sb.将新思想灌输给某人inspire sb.with courage 鼓起某人的勇气inspire sth. in sb. 使某人产生某种感情; 激发某人的某种感情inspire sb. with sth. 使某人产生某种感情; 激发某人的某种感情inspire sth. into sb. 把某种思想灌输给某人15. formal: Stiffly ceremoniousa formal manner; a formal greeting; a formal bow to th
35、e monarch.16. rigid: Not flexible or pliant; stiff.rigid in ones views 意志坚定rigid discipline 严格的训练rigid adherence to rules 严守规则17. excessively: adv To an advanced or unusual degree; extremely.过分地，过度地6“Besides, excessively large masses of human beings working in a single gigantic building overburden p
36、ublic transportation.“此外,许许多多的人在一幢大楼里上班工作 ,加重了公共交通的负担。“18. out of date: no longer useful, correct or fashionableout of date theories on educationThe information in last years tourist guide is already out of date.19. prim: Precise or proper to the point of affectation; excessively decorous. 一本正经的过于准确
37、或合适以致于造作的；过分端庄的Those young ladies are much too prim and proper to enjoy such a rude joke. “那几位年轻的太太太拘谨和正经,不会喜欢这种粗俗的笑话。 “a prim garden 整洁的园子prim and proper 一本正经的; 循规蹈矩的20. severe: Very serious; grave or grievous: severe mental illness.Severe, stern and strict: These adjectives mean unsparing and exac
38、ting with respect to discipline or control. Severe implies adherence to rigorous standards or high principles; the term often suggests the imposition of harsh conditions: “Praise or blame has but a momentary effect on the man whose love of beauty in the abstract makes him a severe critic on his own
39、works”(John Keats). “赞扬或指责对这个人只有瞬间效应，对抽象美的热爱使他对自己的作品严加批判（约翰凯兹） 。Stern suggests unyielding disposition, uncompromising resolution, or forbidding appearance or nature: Stern 指强硬的处理、不妥协的决定或冷峻的外表或气质：“thought her husband a man fatally stern and implacable” (George Meredith). “认为她丈夫是一个极端严厉而且毫不容情的人”（乔治 马里蒂
40、斯） 。Strict means requiring or showing stringent observance of obligations, rules, or standards: 有计划地克制做某事，没有别的理由只因你最好别做它”（威廉 杰姆森） 。Strict 指要求或显示严格遵守义务、规则或标准：“He could not be severe nor even passably strict” (W.H. Hudson).“他根本不能做到严厉，甚至连稍稍严格一点都做不到”(W.H.N 哈德森)21. comic: Characteristic of or having to d
41、o with comedy. Of or relating to comic strips.Amusing; humorous: a comic situation involving the familys ic opera 喜歌剧comic relief (悲剧中穿插的以宽松观众情绪的)喜剧性镜头comic book 美 连环图画杂志comic paper 报纸的连环图画版comic strip 连环图画tragic (来自希腊语 tragikos). adj 悲剧的；悲惨的；不幸的a tragic accident 不幸的事故22. antique: An object having s
42、pecial value because of its age, especially a domestic item or piece of furniture or handicraft esteemed for its artistry, beauty, or period of origin.The antique is a fake. 那古董是一件赝品。7an antique dealer 古董商old, ancient, archaic, antediluvian, obsolete, antique, antiquatedThese adjectives describe wha
43、t belongs to or dates from an earlier time or period. Old is the most general term: old lace; an old saying; old colleagues; an old Dutch painting. Ancient pertains to the distant past: “the hills,/Rock-ribbed, and ancient as the sun”(William Cullen Bryant). Archaic implies a very remote, often prim
44、itive period: an archaic Greek bronze of the seventh century b.c. He was convicted under an archaic statute that had never been repealed. Antediluvian applies to what is so old and outdated that it seems to belong to the period preceding the biblical Flood: lived in a ramshackle, antediluvian teneme
45、nt; “a branch of one of your antediluvian families” (William Congreve). Obsolete indicates the fact of having fallen into disuse: an obsolete custom; obsolete methods of research. “Either man is obsolete or war is”( R. Buckminster Fuller).Antique is applied both to what is very old and to what is es
46、pecially appreciated or valued because of its age: “in hat of antique shape”(Matthew Arnold). She collects antique French furniture and porcelains. Antiquated describes what is out of date, no longer fashionable, or discredited: “No idea is so antiquated that it was not once modern. No idea is so mo
47、dern that it will not someday be antiquated”(Ellen Glasgow).23. tackle: try to deal with; To take on and wrestle with (an opponent or a problem, for example).着手处理接受（比如一名对手或一个问题）的挑战并与之拼搏.Everyone has his problem to tackle. 每人都有一些问题要去解决。The policeman tackled the thief. 警察捕捉小偷。tackle sb. about on, over
48、 sth. 为某事与某人交涉, 与某人坦率地谈谈某事24. essay: A short literary composition on a single subject, usually presenting the personal view of the author.political essay 政论文essay question (与填充题、是非题相对而言的 )问答题make an essay to assist sb. 试图帮助某人25. distribute: To deliver or pass outdistribute books among the students 把
49、书分给学生be distributed into three classes 分为三类distribute seeds over a field 在田间播种distribute.over . 把. 配给到 分配到, 散布于.distribute sth. to 把某物分配, 发给.8distribute sth. among 把某物分 配, 发 给.distribute, dispense, divide, allocate 都含“分配 ”的意思。distribute 指“将某物分成一定的部分或数量, 通常各份的数量不一定相等, 然后分给某些人或地方”, 如: distribute leaflets 分发传单。In the 19th century the government distributed land to settlers willing to cultivate it. Divideimplies giving out portions, often equal, on the basis of a plan or purpose: 在19 世纪，政府将土地分发给愿意耕种的定居者。dispense stresses the care
