1、高三英语总复习 （必修一）,1. n&v.摇动；震动；颤抖 (过去式) (过去分词) 2. vi.上升；升起；起身n.上升；增加；上涨 3. vi.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发 4. n废墟；毁灭vt.(使)破产；毁灭,.重点单词,shake,shook,shaken,rise,burst,ruin,5. vt.&vi.损害；伤害 adj.受伤的 n伤口 6. adj.无用的；无效的；无益的 7. vt.破坏；毁坏 n破坏 8. n电；电流；电学 adj.用电的；带电的 adj.与电有关的 9. vt.&n.援救；营救,injure,injured,injury,useless,destroy
2、,destruction,electricity,electric,electrical,rescue,10. n灾难；灾祸 11. n荣耀；荣誉vt.尊敬；给予荣誉 adj.感到光荣的 12. adj.新的；新鲜的,disaster,honour,honoured,fresh,1. in 引进；引来 2. an end 结束；终止 3.think of 不重视 4. out 挖出；发现 5.in 毁坏；成为废墟 6.right 立刻；马上 7.give 发出；分发,.重点短语,bring,at,little,dig,ruins,away,out,8.be in 陷入之中 9. away 吹走
3、；刮走 10.be of 为自豪 11.in areas 在受灾区,trapped,blow,proud,Disaster- hit,1.It seemed the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！ 2. hope was lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。,.重点句型,as if,All,not,.语篇练习 根据课文A Night The Earth Didnt Sleep完成下列短文。,Several days before July 28,1976, many strange things happened in Tangshan. The water in
4、the village wells_1_and fell. The water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. They were signs_2_the earthquake. But people in the city didnt think much_3_these. At 342 am. that day，the earth began to shake，_4_destroyed the city. Many people，_5_(include) workers and doctors，_6_to rescue those_7_
5、(trap) under the ruins. Later that afternoon, another big quake struck Tangshan. More,people_8_(kill) or injured and_9_buildings fell down. Soldiers were called in_10_the rescue workers. Teams were organized to dig out the trapped and bury the dead. 答案 1. rose 2. for 3. of 4. which 5. including 6.ca
6、me 7. trapped 8. were killed 9. more 10. to help,.重点词汇及短语 1ruin nU毁坏；毁灭；崩溃；C(pl.)废墟；遗迹；v.(使)破产；(使)堕落，毁灭,In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. (回归课本P26),fall into ruin崩塌 come/go to ruin毁灭，崩溃 lie in ruins成为废墟 the ruins of Yuanmingyuan圆明园遗迹 bring sb.to ruin使某人破产 ruin ones hopes使某人希望破灭
7、ruin oneself自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉,要点导航,(1)ruin指彻底摧毁一件事物，特别是摧毁美好、珍贵的事物，并使其无法修复，其主语多为天灾人祸等无形的力量。有时可用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”。 He has ruined his health through drinking. 他饮酒过度，把身体搞坏了。,归纳辨析 ruin，damage，destroy，spoil,(2)damage指“损坏”，表示不彻底的破坏，一般是部分性的，只是使其不能发挥正常作用，意味着损坏后价值或效率降低，宾语一般是物。 I damaged my sh
8、oes in football practice today. 今天练习踢足球时我把鞋弄坏了。,(3)destroy指十分彻底的“破坏”，常含有不能或很难修复的意思，也可以用作比喻意义，指希望、梦想等的破灭；主语可以是人，也可以是物；后接人或物都可以。 The building was completely destroyed by fire. 那栋房子被火烧得一干二净。 On hearing the news，all my hopes were destroyed. 一听到这个消息，我所有的希望都破灭了。,(4)spoil有“损坏，搞糟”之意，指不仅造成价值、精力、兴致等方面的影响，还意味着
9、可能造成某种毁灭或彻底破坏；也可作“宠坏”解。 Quarreling completely spoiled the dinner，which broke up in discord. 争吵完全破坏了宴会的气氛，结果宴会不欢而散。 I do hate to spoil your fun，but Ive got something urgent to tell you. 我真不愿扫了你的兴，但我有紧急的事必须告诉你。,(1)我们参观了那个庙宇的遗迹。 We visited . (2)洪水毁坏了庄稼。 The flood . (3)飓风使这里所有的房屋都变成了废墟。 The hurricane he
10、re. (4)大雨把我们的假期彻底搞糟了。 The heavy rain . (5)多年的战事已使伊拉克满目疮痍。 Years of fighting has left Iraq .,完成句子,the ruins of the temple,ruined the crops,ruined all the houses,ruined our holiday,in ruins,Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.(回归课本P26),2injure v伤害，损害,(1)injure通常指人在意外事故中受到的伤害，
11、如由机器造成的或在运动中受到的伤害，它常暗示受伤部位的身体机能受到影响。 In the coach crash 10 people died and 18 were seriously injured. 在这次长途车撞车事故中，有10人死亡，18人重伤。 Tom injured his leg in a skating accident. 汤姆在一次滑冰事故中伤了腿。,归纳辨析 injure，hurt，wound，harm,(2)hurt是普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害；除作及物动词表“伤害”外，还可用作不及物动词，表示“痛”的意思。hurt的结果不是很严重，不一定影
12、响身体机能的发挥。其过去分词只作表语，不作定语。 Xiao Li hurt herself when she fell down the stairs. 小李从楼梯上摔下来，跌伤了。 Your saying goodbye to her will hurt her feelings. 你和她说分手会伤她的感情。 After a whole days walking，my leg hurts. 走了一天的路，我的腿很疼。,(3)wound主要指肉体上的“创伤”，尤指严重的外伤，常与战争有关，指利器或子弹对肉体造成的伤害。当作及物动词时，它的宾语应是整个身体，而不是受伤的部位。 In a war
13、there are many more wounded than killed. 在战争中，受伤的远比死亡的人多。 The bullet wounded him in the shoulder. 子弹伤了他的肩膀。,(4)harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可用于抽象事物，尤指不道德之事。 Dont harm your eyes by reading in dim light. 不要在昏暗的灯光下看书，以免伤害眼睛。 I have never harmed anybody. 我从未伤害过任何人。,(1)吸烟会损害你的健康。 Smoking will . (2)在一次煤
14、矿瓦斯爆炸中，至少203人死亡，20人受伤，13人被困。 At least 203 miners were killed, 20 and 13 trapped in the coal mine gas explosion. (3)我希望我没有伤害她的感情。 I hope I didnt .,完成句子,injure your health,injured,injure her feelings,(4)确实很危险，这匹马差点使他受伤。 It was really very dangerous. The horse nearly .,injured him,In the city，the water
15、 pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.(回归课本P26),3burst vt.&vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂开；(使)炸开； 突然出现；爆发；n.突然破裂；爆发,burst out突然迸发；爆发 burst out doing sth.burst inton.突然起来 be bursting to do sth.渴望，急着要做(某事) burst in/into闯进，突然破门而入 burst with anger/grief/joy勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支,要点导航,(1)在第29届北京奥运会上，中国队员的精彩表现赢得了阵阵掌声。 The ex
16、cellent performance of Chinese competitors at the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing . (2)看到姐姐后，她突然大哭起来。 She on seeing her sister. She on seeing her sister. (3)我们都认为他心中的快乐快要爆发出来。 We all thought his heart would .,完成句子,caused bursts,of applause,burst into tears,burst out crying,burst with happiness,4shock
17、n打击；震惊；休克；vt.&vi.使震惊；使惊愕；使触电,People were shocked.(回归课本P26),with/from shock由于震惊 a shocking accident令人吃惊的事故 come as a shock to sb.令某人大吃一惊 in a state of shock惊魂未定 suffer from shock休克 be shocked at对感到吃惊 be shocked to do深感意外地去做,要点导航,(1)那条坏消息使我们震惊地说不出话来。 The bad news left us all speechless . (2)她因为震惊脸色都白了
18、。 She was white . (3)他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了。 The news of his wifes death was him. (4)看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。 He her smoking.,完成句子,from shock,with/from shock,a terrible shock to,was shocked at,5judge v断定；判断；判决；n.裁判员；法官；评判员,Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this
19、 year.(回归课本P30),(1)judge sb./sth.from/by.从来判断 judge between right and wrong判断是非 as far as I can judge据我判断，我认为 judging by/from从上看；根据判断 dont judge a book by its cover勿以貌取人；勿只凭外表判断 (2)judgement n判断；审判；意见；判断力 in ones judgement依某人看来，按某人的看法,要点导航,(1)我们认为他是最佳人选。 We judge . We judge him (to be) the best cand
20、idate. (2)我不能断定他是对还是错。 I whether he is right or wrong. (3)由天色看来，可能会放晴。, it may clear up.,完成句子,that he is the best candidate,cant judge,Judging from the look of the sky,(4)我的意见是/据我看来，该计划考虑不周。,_the plan is illconceived.The_number_of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.(回归课本P26)
21、,6the number of的数量,My judgement is that/In my judgement,表示“许多，若干”的短语：many a(single) n. 单数谓语动词,要点导航,a lot of/lots of,注意： (1)a number of(pl.)n.作主语，谓语动词用复数，表示“许多，大量”。 (2)the number of(pl.)n.作主语，谓语动词用单数，表示“的数量”。 (3)large quantities of(pl.)n./Un.作主语，谓语动词用复数。 (4)large amounts ofUn.作主语，谓语动词用复数。,(1)从事兼职工作的大
22、学生人数在增加。 The number of the college students who take up part-time jobs . (2)那儿的人数至少超过500。there is at least over 500. (3)如今，很多人都拥有了手机。have owned mobile phones nowadays. (4)我们学校有很多学生。 There are in our school.,完成句子,is increasing,The number of people,A large number of people,a great number of students,.
23、gas that hot water gives out(回归课本P28),7give out用完；发出，分发；播放,give sth.away赠送；颁发；泄露 give back归还；恢复 give off发出，放出 give over停止，中止 give on to/onto sth.朝向，面向；通向 give up放弃,要点导航,(1)她终于失去了耐性。 Her patience finally . (2)老师把试卷发给学生。 The teacher the exam papers to the students. (3)消息已在电台播出了。 The news in a radio br
24、oadcast.,完成句子,gave out,gave out,was given out,.经典句型 1Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农民们注意到水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝。一股臭气从裂缝里冒出。农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。,too nervous to eat意思为“太紧张而不
25、能吃东西”。其中的too.to.结构，表示“太以致于不”。关于too.to.句式的用法： (1)too.to.太以致于不 Too nervous to reply，he stared at the floor. 他眼睛盯着地面，紧张得答不上来。,要点导航,(2)too.to.与not或never连用时，不定式为肯定意义。 not/never too.to.，意为“并不太所以能”。 It is never too late to mend.亡羊补牢，未为晚也。 It is never too late to give up our prejudice. 抛弃偏见永远也不会太晚。,(3)too.t
26、o.前面有only，but，all时，only too，but too和all too相当于very，后面的不定式也表示肯定。 Im only too pleased to help you. 很荣幸能帮助你。 We shall be only/but too delighted to have you with us. 能和你们在一起我们将感到非常高兴。,(4)当too.to.用来修饰表示态度，情绪，倾向等形容词(如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing)时，不定式为肯定意义。 He was too eager to know the r
27、esult of his examination. 他迫切想知道考试的结果。,The box is too heavy for you to carry. The box is so heavy that you can not carry it. The box is not light enough for you to carry.,句型转换,(1) He (非常聪明，必能) solve this problem. (2)Im (非常高兴) to accept your kind invitation. (3) (活到老，学到老),完成句子,is clever enough to,too
28、 glad,Its never too late to learn,2It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！,It seems (to sb.) that/as if.(对某人来说)似乎，as if后边可用虚拟语气。 seem to be/liken似乎，好像 seem to be doing sth./to have done sth.好像正在做/已经做了某事 Seem (to be)n./adj.似乎是 There seems to be.好像有,要点导航,(1)看来没有人知道这件事。nobody knew anything ab
29、out the matter. (2)看上去肯要跑第一了。Ken will win the race. (3)她似乎已忘记了自己的诺言。 She seemed . (4)当她遇到困难时，好像没人可以求助。for her to turn to when she is in trouble.,完成句子,It seemed that,It seems as if,to have forgotten her promise,There seems to be no one,3Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agre
30、ed that it was the best one this year.一组中的五个裁判员听了你的演讲后，他们一致同意它是本年度最好的。,all of whom agreed.this year为非限制性定语从句，修饰five judges。 “代词/数词of关系代词which/whom.”表示所属关系。,要点导航,(1)他在讲雷锋的故事，我们每个人都为雷锋感到自豪。 He is telling a story of Lei Feng， everyone of us is proud. (2)这位老太太有两个女儿，她们俩都住在国外。 The old lady has two daughte
31、rs, live abroad. (3)中国人口众多，其中80%是农民。 China has a large population, are peasants.,完成句子,of whom,both of whom,80% of which,.话题美文诵读 On Wenchuan Earthquake,A strong earthquake struck Wenchuan, Sichuan Province on May 12, 2008. People in disaster-stricken area have suffered a lot. Misery of losing home as
32、 well as family members have thrown them into deep sorrow. Seeing the photos on the Internet and newspapers, I kept asking myself, “What can I do to help them lessen their burden？”,Like many other classmates, Ive donated all the money I save and Ive also given away many books and stationary in order
33、 to help those children who now arent able to go to school. Besides, Ive written some letters to the kids at my age, trying to encourage them and cheer them up. Blood is thicker than water. Though the earthquake is merciless, people in every corner of our country are all eager to give a helping hand
34、. I strongly believe that where there is love, there is a way. Hand in hand, heart to heart, we Chinese people shall overcome all the difficulties and brand new homes shall be rebuilt soon.,(1)汶川地震的严重后果； (2)我对地震做了些什么； (3)自己的看法；,【文章结构】,(1)throw sb. into deep sorrow陷入痛苦之中 (2)cheer sb. up使某人振作起来(1) Misery of losing home as well as family members have thrown them into deep sorrow. (2) Though the earthquake is merciless, people in every corner of our country are all eager to give a helping hand.,【语言亮点】,
