1、2014-2015 学年北师大版选修 8 Unit 24 Society 第 8 课时 作业.语法填空，单句训练1(2015青岛高三模拟改编)Du Lala has been _(promote) to general manager because of her excellent work in the company.答案：promoted 考查动词词义。句意：由于她在公司里的出色表现，杜拉拉被提升到了总经理的位置上。promote“ 提升”，符合句意。2(2015烟台二中高三检测改编)The students must master the knowledge and skills n
2、ecessary for them to adapt_ the social circumstances.答案：to 考查动词短语。句意：为了适应社会环境，学生们必须掌握必要的知识和技能。adapt to“ 适应，适合”，符合句意。3(2015曲阜一中高三模拟改编)According to the history book, the Vikings were the first Europeans _(reach) America.答案：to reach 考查不定式作定语。句意：根据史书记载，维京人是第一个到达美洲的种族。序数词修饰名词时常用不定式作后置定语。4The brave soldie
3、rs were determined to save all the people_(trap) in the mine.答案：trapped 考查非谓语动词。句意：勇敢的士兵们决定要拯救所有困在矿井里的人。be trapped in“围在，陷入” 。此处 trapped 为过去分词作后置定语。5Mother asked me to take more money _ something unexpected should happen.答案：in case 句意：妈妈让我多带点钱，以免发生意想不到的状况。in case引导目的状语从句，意为“以防，万一” 。so that“以便，结果” ，引
4、导目的和结果状语从句；in order that 引导目的状语从句。6(2014 届天津一中高三月考改编) His wonderful performances _ to all ages and social groups in China and he is also popular with people all over the world.答案：appeal 考查动词词义。句意：他的精彩表演吸引了中国各个年龄段和各个阶层的人们，同时他也深受全世界人们的欢迎。appeal“吸引”。7In the early 1920s, thousands of people went to Aust
5、ralia to _ their fortune.答案：seek 考查固定搭配。句意：在二十世纪二十年代早期，数以千计的人们去澳洲寻找发财的机会。seek ones fortune“发财，碰运气 ”。8The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see _was going on inside house.答案：through which; what 考查定语从句。句意：那个聪明的孩子在墙上凿了一个洞，通过这个洞他能看看屋里发生了什么事。根据先行词和句意可知应用介词 through， “介词关系代词” 引导的定语从句用 which 而不
6、用 that；what 在宾语从句中作主语。9Parents shouldnt always _ their children for the mistakes they have made.答案：blame 考查动词短语。句意：父母不应该总是因孩子们犯错误而责备他们。blame sb.for.“因责备某人”，符合句意。10In the competitive world, if you dont work hard, you will soon be left_.答案：behind 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这个竞争的世界，如果你不努力，不久你就会落后。leave behind“落在后面”
7、，符合句意。leave alone“ 避免打扰” ；leave for“出发去某地 ”；leave.to.“把留给”。.语法填空，篇章训练阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)A：Hello. Police Station. Can I help you?B：Yes. Im calling to report a_1_(miss) credit card.A：Whats the card number?B：Oh, I dont remember.A：Whats your name and_2_？B：Emma Green, 275 King Street, Sydney, Austr
8、alia.A：I see. You are not_3_Australian citizen, are you?B：No. Im an American. Does that matter?A：Oh, no, no. Did you say your card was lost or stolen?B：Stolen. I left my wallet on the counter in the department store_4_I went to the fitting room_5_(try)dress on.A：When did you discover it_6_(steal)?B：
9、I didnt discover that_7_I went to pay. Is there anything you could do? Someone may be charging things_8_my credit card this very moment.A：Dont worry, Miss Green._9_we have your card number, we can make sure that your card cant_10_(use)all over the world within 30 seconds.B：Oh. Im glad to hear that.
10、Thank you very much.A：Thats all right.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：1missing 从后文可知，信用卡 “丢失了”。missing“丢失了，不见了” 。2address 从答语看，是在问对方“ 地址”。3an an Australian citizen“澳大利亚公民” 。4when 当我到试衣间去试衣服时，我把钱包落在了柜台上。5to try 到试衣间去试衣服。此处用不定式表目的。6was stolen 钱包“ 被偷了 ”，用被动语态。7until not.until.“直到才”。8to 句意为：“这时某
11、个人正用我的信用卡付账呢。 ”9Once once“一旦”。10be used 信用卡“ 被使用 ”，应该用被动语态。.阅读理解AAs the Arctic thaws, can science help to chart a sustainable path for the north? Last winter, parts of the Canadian Arctic basked in recordbreaking warmth. In the town of Coral Harbour, at the mouth of Hudson Bay, temperatures rose abo
12、ve freezing for a few days in January for the first time ever. Across the Arctic, extreme climate conditions are becoming the norm, even as the region faces other profound changes, such as the growing political power of local people and the race to extract mineral resources (see page 172).This week,
13、 Nature examines how these changes are affecting scientific access to the north (see page 174), and what scientists should do to keep Arctic development green (see page 179) and peaceful (see page 180). Some are calling for international regulations to safeguard the environment as ship traffic incre
14、ases (see page 157). Both research and development need to consider the views of local people, and scientists are learning how to do so (see page 182). Locals can provide insight into environmental changes.There is a long tradition of international scientific cooperation in the Arctic. That traditio
15、n must be preserved and expanded, even as nations in the region push forward with territorial claims under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. Countries should work together, perhaps through the Arctic Council, to ensure that researchers from all nations are allowed access to all parts of the A
16、rctic Ocean.At the same time, scientists should make their data available in public databases as soon as possible after collection. The far north is changing faster than anywhere else on Earth, with potentially vast impacts on climate as carbonrich permafrost melts, and dark ground and water exposed
17、 by the retreating ice soak up more heat from the Sun. It is crucial that science keeps up.语篇解读：随着北极冰层的日渐消融，北极的战略价值逐渐凸显，北极争端也随之加强。本中介绍北极科学考察方面的问题。1Which of the following is TRUE for the Arctic region?AExtreme climate conditions are rare.BScientists find no safe path for the north.CThe weather is get
18、ting warmer.DMineral resources are widely exploited.答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Last winter, parts of the Canadian Arctic basked in recordbreaking warmth. In the town of Coral Harbour, at the mouth of Hudson Bay, temperatures rose above freezing for a few days in January for the first time ever.”可知，北极地区正逐渐变暖
19、。2The increased ship traffic around the Arctic can lead to _.Adisagreement on the Arctics developmentBterritorial conflictCarguments on exploiting mineral resourcesDenvironment problems答案：D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Some are calling for international regulations to safeguard the environment as ship traffic inc
20、reases (see page 157).”可知D 项正确。3Which page of Nature deals with the green development around the Arctic _？APage 172. BPage 174.CPage 179. DPage 157.答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.and what scientists should do to keep Arctic development green (see page 179) and peaceful (see page 180).”可知答案。4It can be inferred
21、from the text that _.Ascientists might help locals to be heard in terms of environmental changesBlocal people reject international cooperation in the ArcticCno country in the Arctic has territorial claimsDscientists from different countries will cooperate in the Arctic before long答案：A 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两
22、句“Both research and development need to consider the views of local people, and scientists are learning how to do so (see page 182). Locals can provide insight into environmental changes.”可推知 A 项正确。BRobots have proved to be valuable tools for soldiers, surgeons and homeowners hoping to keep the carp
23、et clean. But in each case, they are designed and built specifically for the job. Now there is a movement under way to build multipurpose machinesrobots that can move about in changing environments such as offices or living rooms and work with their hands.Allpurpose robots are not, of course, a new
24、idea. “Its been 5 or 10 years from happening for about 50 years， ” says Eric Berger, codirector of the Personal Robotics Program at Willow Garage, a Silicon Valley organization. The delay is in part because even simple tasks require a huge set of capabilities. For a robot to fetch a mug, for example
25、, it needs to make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensorslaser scanners identifying potential blocking objects, cameras searching for the target, force feedback in the fingers that grasp the mug, and more. Yet Berger and other experts are confident that real progress could be made in the nex
26、t decade.The problem, according to Willow Garage, is the lack of a common platform for all that computational effort. Instead of enlarging the capabilities of a single machine, everyone is designing robots and the software to control them, from the ground up. To help change this, Willow Garage is cu
27、rrently producing 25 copies of its model PR2 ( Personal Robot 2), a twoarmed, wheeled machine that can switch off the electricity, open doors and move through a room. Ten of the robots will stay inhouse, but 10 more will go to outside research groups, and everyone will share their advances. This way
28、, Berger says, if you want to build the robotic equivalent (等同物) of a Twitter, you wont start by constructing a computer. “You build the thing thats new.”语篇解读： 本文是一篇科普说明文，简要介绍了全能机器人的发展状况、研发困境和解决方案。5The robots are mentioned to do some specific jobs EXCEPT in _.A battle fields B operation roomC people
29、s houses D wild fields答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句中的 “soldiers，surgeons and homeowners”可知机器人已应用于战场、手术室和家庭，并没有提到 D 项，故答案为 D。6The multipurpose robot may be identified as a machine that _.Acan move about in changing environments and work with their handsB can make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensor
30、sC has a huge set of abilities to finish all the simple tasksD has identifying laser scanners, searching cameras and force feedback答案：A 细节理解题。由文章首段第三句内容可知 A 项正确。7According to Willow Garage, we will make real progress in building allpurpose robots if _.Aeveryone designs robots and the software to con
31、trol themBthey can produce 25 copies of its model PR2Cpeople can enlarge the capabilities of a single machineDpeople can start by constructing a computer答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段前两句内容可知全能机器人的研发困境是缺少计算机操作平台，而让单个机器人拥有更多的功能是让全能机器人的研发得到实质性的进展的方法，C 项正确。8Willow Garage is currently producing 25 copies of its mode
32、l PR2 so as to _.Adesign robots and the software to control themBchange the way of new robot construction researchCopen doors and go to outside research groupsDgo through the room and stay in house答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，Willow Garage 的做法是为了改变目前的研究方法。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错
33、误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。Li Yue had been awarded the title of “Star Student of the Week” for which she did for the class. On a hot afternoon of last Saturday, Li Yue went to d
34、owntown and walked from one store to another, looking for the costumes we would wear in the singing contest. While the rest of us was enjoying our leisure time in cool and comfortable rooms, she spent the whole afternoon searching and selecting. Finally she found the right clothes. Deeply moved by h
35、is efforts, we tried our best and won the first prize in the contest.Li Yue is always warmhearted and cared a lot about the class. Besides, she devotes her spare time to help others. She sets a good example to us. However, she deserves the honour and we should learn her.答案：Li Yue been awarded the ti
36、tle of “Star Student of the Week” for she did hadhas which whatfor the class. On hot afternoon of last Saturday, Li Yue went to downtown and athewalked from one store to another, looking for the costumes we would wear in the singing contest. While the rest of us enjoying our leisure time in cool and
37、 waswerecomfortable rooms, she spent the whole afternoon searching and selecting. Finally she found the right clothes. Deeply moved by efforts, we tried our best and won the first hisherprize in the contest.Li Yue is always warmhearted and a lot about the class. Besides, she devotes caredcaresher spare time to others. She sets a good example to us. ， she helphelping However Thereforedeserves the honour and we should learn her.from
