1、书面表达系列讲练之 使用衔接词,书面表达评分原则,1、先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定档次。,第五档. 2125分 第四档. 1620分 第三档. 1115分,第二档. 610分第一档. 15分0分,语言地道，规范,覆盖所有内容要点,2、主要内容：内容要点；词汇和语法的数量和准确性；上下文的连贯；语言的得体性,应用了较多的语法结构和词汇,有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,词汇,句型 （高级）和语法多样化（较复杂）,1.覆盖了所有的要点2. 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇3. 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑,要点全,连接词,如何算是一篇好文章？,词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少，也是衡量英语水平的
2、一个重要标志。,运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉 。,使用恰当连接词，对写一篇有“英语味”的文章很重要，能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。,增强书面表达效果的技巧,高考范文对比：根据高考作文的评分标准的五个档次对下面两篇作文进行评分。 给澳大利亚的朋友写一封信，谈谈减负给学生的学习和生活带来的变化。 【Sample 1】 第_ 档次I will tell you the changes of my life. Before, we had many classes every day. I had to do a lot of homework after school
3、. I went to bed at 11:30 in the evening. I had no time to play. I was very tired.Now I can visit museums. I can learn computer and drawing. In the evening, I can read books and newspapers and watch TV. I go to bed at 10:00 now.,Im very pleased to tell you the changes in my life since our homework ha
4、s reduced. Before that, learning during the day was very simple. Having class and doing homework was the only thing we should do. In the evening, we also had a lot of homework to do. We could not go to bed until 11:30. Nevertheless, since reducing the learning load, my life has become much more inte
5、resting. I often visit museums and computer rooms and draw pictures in my spare time. In the evening, I also have time to watch TV and read newspapers. I no longer stay up late; on the contrary, I go to bed at about 10 pm.In short, I am quite satisfied with my life now.,【sample2】第_档次 高考满分作文,连接（过渡性）词
6、语的分类,Part I 【归纳】,一、表示起始关系的过渡性词语above all, first of all, to begin with, according to, as you know/as is known, as is shown in.,Egs： 1.按照调查结果，现在总数已减少到不足1000只。(2013重庆卷满分作文）_ a research, the total number is reduced to less than 1,000 now. 2.我们大家都知道，好的学习习惯可以提高学习效率。 _, good learning habits contribute to e
7、fficient study. （四川卷满分作文） 3.首先，我认为一个人在国外多交朋友是很重要的。 _, I think it important to make more friends abroad. 4.正如图画所示， 树被大风刮倒了， 而小草依然在那里。 _, a tree is knocked down by the strong wind, while the grass stays as it is.,二、表示时间顺序的过渡性词语 firstly, then, later, in the end, finally, at last, after that, afterwards
8、, since then, immediately, suddenly, meanwhile,Egs: 1._, we all enjoyed the beauty of nature. (江西卷满分作文） 同时，我们都欣赏了大自然的美丽2._, I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. _ I wiped the dust off all the furniture. _, I swept and mopped the floors.
9、 （陕西卷书面表达）首先，我把所有的书籍、报纸和其他的散落在屋子里的东西收集起来放好，接着我扫去所有家具上的灰尘，然后我扫地、拖地。,三、表示并列关系的过渡性词语and, or, also, as well as, neither.nor., not only.but also., either.or., not.but.,Egs： 1. I think we will have a good time there _I will send your photos taken there. (山东卷满分作文） 我想我们会玩得很愉快，而且我将会把在那里拍的你的照片寄给你。 2._，do let
10、me know if you need more information. （新课标全国卷II）如果你需要其他的信息，也一定要告诉我。3.游泳不但对身体有好处，而且能培养我们的坚强意志。 Swimming _benefits to our health, _develops our strong well. 4.塑造我们生活的不是我们偶尔做的事情而是我们始终如一坚持的事情。 It is_shapes our lives.,四、表达转折关系的过渡性词语 but, yet, however, while, otherwise, on the contrary, rather than, inste
11、ad of .,Egs： 1._, not until the match was over did we realize that we became the loser.(湖南卷满分作文） 然而，直到比赛结束我们才意识到我们输了。 2._, the volunteers always claim that they are tired of the life on earth, so they are eager to experience the future life on the Mars. (广东卷满分作文） 3.It is the thoughtfulness_ the pric
12、e that matters. (2014重庆卷写作二）,五、表示因果关系的过渡词语 because, as, since, for, thanks to , due to , as a result of, so , therefore, as a result/consequence, for the reason that.,Egs： 1._, there is no reason for us to look down upon ordinary jobs. 因此，我们没有理由轻视普通的工作。（广东卷书面表达） 2. _, children become so reliant on t
13、heir parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas (福建卷书面表达） 结果，孩子变得太依赖于父母，以至于他们没有独立的思想和创造性的想法。 3.It is a time-consuming and energy-consuming hobby_ _ _ _ _ playing computer games will swallow a huge amount of students precious time.,六、表达条件关系的过渡性词语 if, unless, in case(of), as/so lo
14、ng as, on condition that,1.I_you could meet him at the airport. （新课标全国卷I 满分作文） 如果你能到机场接他，我将不胜感激。 2._our dreams, we will become a winner sooner or later.(湖南卷满分作文）只要我们坚持梦想，我们迟早会成为赢家。,七、表达递进关系的过渡性词语Whats more, furthermore, moreover, besides, whats worse, still less, to make matters worse, worse still,
15、on (the) one hand.on the other hand., for one thing.for another.,1. In spite of the large-scale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years. _, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to
16、obey traffic rules. ( 2015江苏满分作文） 2._, I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents, _, I can gain some experience from it, which will do good to my future life.( 山东卷满分作文）,In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers. Whats more, I can go to bed earlier. (NMET2001)In addition to
17、 meeting the need of markets at home, its products are shipped to many countries.,八、表示列举事实的过渡性词语 such as, for example/instance, take.for example, that is to say, as follows, in other words,1.They are of different shapes, such as diamonds, butterflies, flowers and birds.(新课标全国卷II满分作文） 2.On one hand,
18、I will organize some English activities,_, to hold English debates or English speech contests so as to help us students arouse their interest in English. ( 天津卷满分作文）,九，表示观点的过渡性词语 in my opinion, in my view, in my point of view, as far as I am concerned, as for me, personally. 1._, they stand for love,
19、 friendship and unity. (新课标全国卷满分作文）,十、表示总结性的过渡性词语 in short, in brief, in conclusion, in a /one word, to sum up, all in all, on the whole , in genera, generally speaking,1._, success is important, and so is failure, because its the mother of success. (湖南卷满分作文）总之，失败和成功一样重要，因为它是成功之母。 2._, travelling is
20、 the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challenges. 总的来说， 旅游是充实自己，准备迎接新的挑战的最好的方式。,Part II 随堂练习Practice 1 指出下列表达的不妥之处并改正。 1. Xiao Ming was walking in the street while he heard someone cry for help. 2. He advised that I hire a car as a result I could travel around in the west
21、. 3. It is what you do rather than what you say that matter on your way to success. 4. Not only we can go downtown and do some shopping, but also we can pay avisit to some places of interest. 5.Because you, I find it hard to trust not only me but everyone around me. 6. As official data showed on Mon
22、day that, China was successful in reducing rural poverty last year with the number of rural poor falling by 14.42 million to 55.75 million.,段落练习：He works hard. He is not likely to have a successful career. He will still be a useful person in the society.He works hard, but he is not likely to have a
23、successful career. However, he will still be a useful person in the society.,Practice2：Radio and television can be seen everywhere. _ the TV set is more useful than the radio _ on TV you can see and hear what is happening in the world. _, radio is not disappearing. It is still with us. _ the number
24、of listeners is becoming larger. _ the transistor(晶体管) has been invented, a transistor radio is sometimes _ small _it is easy to carry.,But,because,However,And,After,so,that,You can put it in your pocket and listen to it on the bus or on your bike when you go to work. _, radio broadcasts are better
25、for blind people. _ many old people dont have good eyesight. They cant watch TV, _ they can listen to music or news over the radio. _, radio is much cheaper than a TV set.,Besides,And,but,Whats more,Practice3 七选五 (2015新课标I 卷范文）How are you doing? Recently,our school newspaper will started a column ab
26、out western life and culture in order to cultivate our interests, broaden our horizons and enrich our after-school life._1_ Here are some details about it. _2_,so that we Chinese students can know more about you. 3_, such as the Christmas Day, the New Year or the Thanksgiving Day, which must be not
27、only meaningful but also interesting. 4_. 5_, so that it can be published in time.Im looking forward to your reply and your article.,Practice 4用连接性或过渡性词语把下列句子连贯起来。Id like to tell you how Mary learns English. She often reads aloud, which helps her to remember them easily and form a good habit of thinking in English. She listens to English program every day and communicate with others in English. She has improved both her listening and spoken English. She keeps a diary in English. Her written English is becoming better and better.,
