1、 单元检测卷（时间 50 分钟；满分 100 分）班级_姓名_考号_得分_I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分 45 分)第一节 完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 【贵州省遵义航天高级中学2018 届高三第一次模拟】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A Love Note to My MomWhen I was a little girl, I would often accompany you as you modeled for fashion photographers. It was yea
2、rs later that I finally understood what role modeling _1_ in your life. Little did I know you were _2_every penny you earned to go to _3_ school. I cannot thank you enough for _4_ you told me one autumn afternoon when I was nine. After finishing my homework, I wandered into the dining room where you
3、 were buried _5_ piles of law books. I was _6_ . Why were you doing what I domemorizing textbooks and studying for _7_ ? When you said you were in law school, I was more puzzled. I didnt know Moms _8_ be lawyers too. You smiled and said, “In life, you can do anything you want to do.”As young as I wa
4、s, that statement kept _9_ in my ears. I watched as you faced the _10_ of completing your studies, starting companies with Dad, while still being a _11_ and a Mom of five kids. I was exhausted just watching you _12_. With your words of wisdom in my _13_ mind, I suddenly felt unlimited freedom to dre
5、am. My whole world _14_. I set out to live my life filled with _15_ seeing endless possibilities for personal and professional achievements.Your words became my motto. I _16_ found myself in the unique position of being either the first (woman doctor in Maryland Rotary) _17_ one of the few women (ch
6、ief medical reporters) in my field. I gained strength every time I said, “Yes, Ill try that.”Encouraged by your _18_ , I have forged ahead (毅然前行) with my lifes journey, less afraid to make mistakes, and _19_ meeting each challenge. You did it, and now Im _20_ it. Sorry, got to run. So much to do, so
7、 many dreams to live.1. A. found B. played C. kept D. provided2. A. saving B. making C. donating D. receiving3. A. business B. fashion C. law D. medical4. A. what B. that C. which D. where5. A. at B. to C. upon D. under6. A. amused B. worried C. puzzled D. disappointed7. A. roles B. tests C. positio
8、ns D. shows8. A. must B. ought to C. need D. could9. A. ringing B. blowing C. falling D. beating10. A. choices B. chances C. challenges D. changes11. A. professor B. doctor C. reporter D. model12. A. in danger B. in action C. in trouble D. in charge13. A. weak B. powerful C. youthful D. empty14. A.
9、came back B. closed down C. went by D. opened up15. A. hope B. hardship C. harmony D. sadness16. A. constantly B. shortly C. hardly D. nearly17. A. and B. but C. or D. for18. A. description B. statement C. praise D. introduction19. A. secretly B. curiously C. carelessly D. eagerly20. A. doing B. con
10、sidering C. correcting D. reading【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A1. 考查固定搭配。play a role in.在中扮演角色，故选 B。2. I know little that you were every penny you earned to go to school.作者对妈妈节约每一分钱读法律这件事知之甚少，A 节约；B 制作；C 给；D 收到。故选 A。
11、3. 根据第二段“.you were in law school”可知，作者的妈妈上法律学校，A 商务；B 时装；C 法律；D 医学。故选 C。4. for 后面的宾语从句中的 told 缺少宾语，用 what，故选 A。7. memorizing textbooks and studying for 背书，为考试而学习，作者那时才九岁，在上学，妈妈在做同样的事情，A 角色；B 测试；C 职务；D 演出。故选 B。8. I didnt know Moms be lawyers too.作者不知道妈妈也可以成为律师，A 必须；B 应该；C 需要；D 能够。故选 D。9. 根据“in my ear
12、s”可知，妈妈的话在作者耳中回荡， A 响；B 漂流；C 下落；D 拍打。故选 A。10. I watched as you faced the of completing your studies,作者看着妈妈面对各种挑战，A 选择；B 机会；C 挑战；D 改变。故选 C。11. 根据前文可知，妈妈是当模特的，A 教授；B 医生；C 记者；D 模特。故选 D。12. I was tired just watching you .只是看着妈妈工作个不停，就使作者感到疲倦了，A 有危险；B 在运动，在工作；C 有麻烦；D 负责。故选 B。13. With your wise words in m
13、y mind 妈妈的话在 9 岁那时就印在作者大脑里了，A 虚弱的；B 强有力的；C 年轻的；D 空的。故选 C。14. I suddenly felt free to dream. My whole world .作者感受到了自由，整个世界都向作者打开了大门，A 回来；B 停业；C 经过；D 打开。故选 D。15. I set out to live my life filled with 作者充满希望地去实现理想，A 希望；B 困难；C遗憾；D 悲伤。故选 A。16. Your words became my motto. I found myself in the position of
14、 being either the first 妈妈的话成了作者的座右铭，作者经常感到自己在某一个领域里处于领先地位，A 经常；B很少；C 几乎不；D 几乎。故选 A。17. either.or.或者或者 ，是固定搭配，故选 C。18. 根据上一段的“Your words became my motto.”可知，妈妈的话鼓舞着作者，A 理解；B话语；C 表扬；D 介绍。故选 B。20. 根据最后一句“Sorry, got to run. So much to do, so many dreams to live.”可知，要做的还有很多，所以，作者是正在做着妈妈做过的事情，A 正在做；B 正考虑
15、；C 改正；D 阅读。故选 A。考点：故事类短文阅读第二节 语法填空 (共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 【山东省淄博实验中学、淄博五中 2019 届高三上学期第一次教学诊断】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China has always been famous for being a “State of Etiquettes (礼仪)”. According to _21_ (history) documents, as early as 2,600 years ago, this nation has already establi
16、shed a thorough set _22_ dining etiquettes. A famous 19th century Russian writer, Anton Chekhov, once invited a Chinese man _23_ (have) a drink in a bar. Chekhov said, “Before drinking from his cup, he held _24_ with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bar tenders, _25_ (say) “qing (
17、please).” This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, _26_ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. With every sip (一小口), he _27_ (eat) some food. Afterwards he handed me some Chinese coins to show _28_ (grateful). This is a rather interestingly polite nat
18、ionality. This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person _29_ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt seriously with. The _30_ (important) the occasion, the more complex the procedures were.【答案】21. historical 22. of 23. to h
19、ave 24. it 25. saying 26. but 27. ate 28. gratitude 29. that 30. more important【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过俄国作家契诃夫与一位中国人在酒吧喝酒的故事来展示中国的餐桌礼仪。【22 题详解】考查固定短语。短语 a set of 一套的意思，a set of dining etiquettes 一套餐桌礼仪，故填介词of。【23 题详解】考查固定用法。句意：19 世纪俄国著名作家契诃夫曾经邀请一位中国男子去酒吧喝酒。邀请某人做某事 invite sb to do sth，故填 to have。【24 题详解】
20、考查代词。根据上一句可知，在喝杯子里的酒之前，他举起它并向我、酒吧老板和调酒师致敬，此处要用代词 it 指代 cup，故填 it。【25 题详解】考查非谓语动词。他举起杯子的同时“说”请，此处的 say 要做伴随状语，故用 saying。【26 题详解】考查连词。根据上一句“他们不像我们一口就喝完了”和下一句“更喜欢一次喝一点”可知，两句之间是转折关系，故填 but。【27 题详解】考查时态。根据语境文章讲述的是过去的事情，他喝一小口酒，吃一点菜的 eat 要用过去式，故填 ate。【28 题详解】考查名词。句意：后来他递给了我一些中国硬币以表示他的感激。此处 grateful 是做 show
21、的宾语，要用名词作宾语，故填 gratitude。【29 题详解】考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词是 opinion，从句缺少主语，且先行词前用形容词的最高级修饰，只能用 that 引导，故填 that。II 阅读 (共两节，满分 30 分)第一节 阅读理解 (共 1 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A【河北省邢台市 2019 届高三上学期第一次月考】Incredible Women You Didnt Learn About in History ClassHere are the stor
22、ies of women you may not know about, but definitely shouldMaria Sibylla MerianBorn in Germany in 1647, Merian was fascinated by insects, and she began collecting, studying, and drawing them when she was as young as 13. She was one of the few naturalists of her time to actually study live insects. It
23、 was through her study of caterpillars(毛毛虫) that she discovered the truth about their life cycles. Her work provided major contributions to the field of entomology（昆虫学）。 Murasaki ShikibuMurasaki Shikibu, a Japanese woman, was widely considered to be the worlds first novelist. She was a noble woman l
24、iving in Japan around the year 1000 AD. She wrote a two-part novel called The Tale of Genji, which tells a riches-to-rags story about the son of a Japanese emperor forced to live as a common man. The Tale of Genji is widely considered to be a masterpiece of Japanese literature. Ada LovelaceAda was w
25、orking to design early computing machines that she hoped would be able to quickly solve math problems. In addition to designing this early computer program, she also was first to suggest that these computers might be able to do more than, well, calculate. She imagined them doing everything, from pro
26、ducing images to composing music. Lucy StoneBorn in 1818, Stone married a fellow activist and changed her name, but decided to change it back a year later. She held the belief that “a wife should no more take her husbands name than hers.“ She became the first American married woman to keep her maide
27、n name for her entire life. Stone was also one of the founding members of the American Equal Rights Association and fought for the ending of slavery.31. What can readers learn about from The Tale of Genji?A. Ancient Japanese culture.B. Development of computer.C. Research on living things.D. Modern l
28、ife of Japanese women.32. What do Maria Sibylla Merian and Ada Lovelace have in common?A. They were pioneers in computer.B. They devoted themselves to science.C. They created masterpieces of literature.D. They made progress in studying Insects33. Which of the following women fought for human rights?
29、A. Lucy Stone B. Ada LovelaceC. Murasaki Shikibu D. Maria Sibylla Merlan【答案】31. A 32. B 33. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四位在世界上不太为人所知却拥有非凡成就的女性。她们分别是：研究活体昆虫的德国博物学家 Merian；世界第一位女性小说家 Murasaki Shikibu；早期电脑设计师 Ada Lovelace；美国第一位保留自己婚前姓氏的女性 Lucy Stone。【32 题详解】细节理解题。从文章中可以得知，Merian 是极少数研究活体昆虫的博物学家，并为昆虫学做出了巨大贡献；Ada
30、 Lovelace 是早期解决电脑运算问题的电脑设计师；由此，可知Sibylla Merian 和 Ada Lovelace 的共同之处在于她们两个都致力于科学研究。故选 B。B【山西大学附属中学 2019 届高三 9 月模块诊断】A 60-year-old homeless woman named Smokie has sleeping outside in dirt a few doors down from a man named Elvis Summers.Most mornings, she stops by Elviss Los Angeles apartment and asks
31、 if he has any recyclable materials for her. Through these conversations they struck up a friendship.One morning, Elvis saw a news article about a man in Oakland who has been making tiny houses out of deserted materials. He was inspired to put off paying a few bills so he could buy the wood and hard
32、ware to make Smokie a brand new shelter. It took him five days to build it, and now, for the first time ten years, Smokie has a place to hang the sign, “Home Sweet Home.”“I had nowhere to really build it, so I just built it in the street outside of my apartment,”Elvis told Good News Network. The loc
33、al LAPD police have been super cool, and have told me they support itas long aswe move it to a different spot every 72 hours. ”He made this pretty time-lapse(延时的) video showing how he did it. The materials， including two locks on the front door and strong wheels for moving it around, cost him about
34、$500.“Ive met so many homeless people, good people,” Elvis said in an email. “Since I built Smokies, Ive had several people asking me to make them a tiny home and its turned into much more than just the one house 1 wanted to build.”Although he runs an online retail store that sells EDM clothes，he ha
35、s decided to launch an ambitious project to fund more shelters. He plans to get lighter and cheaper materialswithout sacrificing the strength of the housefor the next round. Rick Sassen, a branch manager, kindly donated the roof shingles and cedar supporting Smokies house, final items Elvis couldnt
36、afford on his own. Saseen has promised to work out a deal on future building materials for the same cause.34. What is the meaning of the underlined words “struck up” in paragraph 2?A. Kept on. B. Established.C. Gave out D. Accomplished.35. Where did Elviss inspiration to build a tiny house come from
37、?A. A news report. B. A science book.C. A fiction story. D. An advertisement.36. What the main feature of the tiny house?A. It is air-conditioned. B. It is very light.C. It can move around. D. It has no roof.37. What can be inferred about Elvis from the last paragraph?A. He will get help from poor p
38、eople.B. He earns his living by building houses.C. He plans to build stronger houses.D. He will help more homeless people.【答案】34. B 35. A 36. C 37. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了 Elvis 为一个无家可归的妇女建造了一个可移动的小房子，并决定为无家可归的人建造更多的小房子。【34 题详解】词义猜测题。文章提到这个无家可归的妇女一直住在 Elvis 家的外面，Elvis 还用废弃的材料给她建造小房子，由此推知他们之间建立了友谊，所以
39、“struck up”的意思是建立，故选 B。【36 题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第五段 The materials， including two locks on the front door and strong wheels for moving it around, cost him about $500.可知小房子最主要的特征是可以走来走去，故选 C。C【湖北省仙桃中学 2019 届高三 8 月考试英】Alison Malmon was completing the end of her freshman year at the University of Pennsylvania
40、, US, when she got the news: Her older brother Brian, a student at Columbia University, was suffering from mental illness.Influenced by this, Malmon formed a group at her university to enable students to talk openly about mental health. It soon blossomed into a national organization that today has m
41、ore than 450 campus chapters. Leaders with the organization spend their time talking with college students about the pressure that todays young people face. “What you hear often is just a need to be perfect,” said Malmon, “and a need to present oneself as perfect.”And a new study in the UK proved th
42、at this need for perfectionism is simply part of todays society. In the study, two researchers studied more than 40,000 students from the US, Canada, and the UK. They found that what they called “socially-prescribed (社会定向型的) perfectionism” increased by a third between 1989 and 2016.Lead researcher T
43、homas Curran said that while so many of todays young people try to present a perfect appearance online, social media isnt the only reason behind this trend. Instead, he said, it may be driven by competition in modern society, meaning young people cant avoid being sorted and ranked in both education
44、and employment. That comes from new norms (准则) like greater numbers of college students, standardized testing and parenting that increasingly emphasizes success in education.For example, in 1976, half of high school seniors expected to get a college degree of some kind. By 2008, more than 80 percent
45、 expected the same. The researchers also said changes in parenting styles over the last two decades might have had an impact. As parents feel increased pressure to raise successful children, they in turn pass their “achievement anxieties” onto their kids through “excessive (过多的) involvement in their
46、 childs routines, activities or emotions.”Those in the mental health community like Malmon say theyre concerned about the impact the culture of perfectionism has on mental health on campuses. “Mental health has truly become this generations social justice issue,” she said. “Its our job to equip them
47、 with the tools and to let people know that its not their fault.”38. What is the article mainly about?A. The effects of the culture of perfectionism.B. Research into the trend of perfectionism.C. A group dedicated to helping people stay mentally healthy.D. Various pressures that todays young people
48、are facing.39. What inspired Alison Malmon to start a group related to mental health?A. Her brothers mental illness.B. Her project during the freshman year.C. The pressure she had experienced.D. Her strong interest in mental health.40. What may be pushing todays young people to struggle to be perfect, according to the article?a. The impact of social media.b. Parents high expectations of their children.c. The decreasing number of college students.d. The fierce competition in society.e. Their desire to draw
