1、英语国际音标,？,Ask and answer:,为什么要学习音标？,？,tiger,tag,老虎,1. 发音准确，说地道的英语 2. 拼读法记忆单词 3. 提高自主性，增加词汇量 4. 整体语感提高,The Alphabet,Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff,ei,bi:,si:,di:,i:,ef,b,i:,s,i:,d,i:,e,f,元音,辅音,i:,ei,b,s,d,e,f,英语的音标和汉字的拼音一样，用来拼读的拼音 =音标韵母 元音声母 辅音,音素和国际音标 1什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。 2音素的分类：元音和辅音。 3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音 素28个。
2、 4什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。 5什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音 协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。 7. 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane, shineb) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello 8. 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad, mapb)元音+辅音: it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant 9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。,1. 音标必须
3、写在括号里，常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种，其上端不顶第一线，大致与大写字母相齐，下端在第三格的中2. 音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一 样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下所列。3. 下面几个音标是最容易写错的，一定要注意：ai和au不要写成Ai和Au，A:不要写成a:。在打字的时候，不要用a来代替A,把A:打成a:，也不要用g来代替G，把GE:l打成gE:l。4. 音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下页所列。,音标的书写,_,i u,ei ai u au i,i: i e a: ,: : u: u,元音 vow
4、els (20个),_, p b t d k g , f v sz, h w j , t d , tr dr tsdz,m n l r , ,辅音 consonants (28个),单元音,Single Vowles,Lesson 1,_, i: i e ,a: : u: u, : ,单元音 vowels (12个),car far dark half palm laugh aunt basket,Read the words, a: ,ar,al,au,a,pork horse daughter because tall talk door floor more store,Read the
5、 words,or au al oor ore, :,earth heard nurse hurt skirt firm her person word work,What letter or letter group makes,:?,ear,ur,ir,er,or,he she Chinese,e,see feet sheep,ee,eat read meat,ea,field believe belief,ie,receive seize,ei,/i:/,What letter or letter group makes /i:/ ?,we me she knee tree sheep
6、three canteen These Chinese,i:,Read the words,mood boot zoo,move whose,ruler June,soup group,o,oo,u,ou,Read the words,bus run luck nothing love country young,u,o,ou,sunny lunch duck but jump fun run hundred much just, ,v,sorry dog copy wash what,Read the words,o,a,socks not of hot sorry tock donkey
7、long off stop, ,c,ago again address,hundred parent,water teacher worker,today policeman,colour doctor,a,e,er,o,or/our,busy very lady,y,/ i /,live miss rich,i,beside decide elect,e,village courage cottage,a,i,milk minute fish window fit rabbit is music his fifteen,cook look footwould could should put
8、 July,U,oo,oul,u,Read the words,full could took good wood cook put stood pull foot,Good, better, best. Never let it rest. Till good is better. And better best.,前元音，嘴半开，嘴角向两边展开呈扁形。,飞天喷火龙,小小龙,bed bel e,e,恐龙蛋,e e e,bread head dead weather,ea,/e/,bed fed ten best,a,anything many,e,e,leg egg bed desk pen
9、 elephant get seven yes eleven,Words to read,sad mad man bad apple hat glad fact stand family fat cat bag,/,a,pants map at cap can many has black splash salad,双元音 Double Vowels (8),Lesson 2,white rice write ice like nice time ride,ai,Read the words,I life quiet mind price night die shy white lie hig
10、h,Tongue twister,Mike likes to write by the bright light at night. 2.Some people laugh, some people cry; some give up and some still try; some will say hi when some say bye; some will forget you but will never I!,cake face name make place take snake grape baby potato,ei,face same game play waste hat
11、e late hay complain famous,Read the words,Read the words,Boys and girls, please pay attention to “ oy ”! boy toy joy soy annoying employ,Read the words,Now please pay attention to “ oi ”!oil soil boil coin point noise,Read the words,beer deer pioneer peer ear,hear near fear clear tear appear,here me
12、re,Read the words,dare care share bare rarehair flair fair stair repairpear wearwhere,Tongue Twister,The pear tree bears a pear,Under the pear Theres a baby bear, The baby bear plays a pear.,Read the words,sure unsure poor moor tour,Tongue Twister,Sure sure sure, Poor poor poor, Im sure you know Im
13、poor, So I cant go to make a tour.,how about shout cow loud mouse ground hour crown mouth,Read the words,Coke those hold OK over so go potato tomato photo,u,road coat goat boat load cold smoke go home hope,Read the words,辅音28个,辅音 Consonants (28个) 1.爆破音p Practice makes perfect.b Barry found a big bug
14、 on her bed.t This is a hat, thats a cap.d The doorman told David to go down.k Dont kit the kitten.g A good beginning makes a good ending.,p 发这个音的字母和字母组合p ppp: piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stoppp: apple happy,b 发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb b: book ball bird big boy bagbananabb:rubber rabbit cabbage,p b
15、 pay - bay pear bear pen - Ben pig - big,p b cap - cab lap - lab tap - tab rope - robe,t 发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt t: table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket Tt: butter matter,d 发这个音的字母和字母组合d edd: duck seed door desk day redhead bed read colded: smiled opened played,t d town down tie die tear dear touch Dutch,t d
16、 bent bend right ride lent lend bet bed,k发这个音的字母和字母组合c k ckc: cap cook cup car can classk: cook milk key desk kite cake ck: clock sock cock neck,g发这个音的字母和字母组合g ggg: glass golf get girl bag goatflaggg: egg,k g Kate gate card guard could good coat goat,k g pick pig flak flag back bag Lock log,两清辅音一起时，
17、后一个清辅音变成浊辅音，或叫浊化sp sb st sd sk sg,speak spit spy study star start sky school screen,摩擦音 f If you buy fish, make sure its fresh.v Victor is very clever. Thank you for your table cloth. Those are far and these are near. s Sandy has a new swimming suit. z What size of shoes does Daisy wear?,f发这个音的字母和字母
18、组合f ff ph ghf: five fan flower fish four leafff: giraffe ph: phone elephant photogh: laugh,v发这个音的字母和字母组合v vev: video vase vestve: five love violin,s发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ces: star sun snake sea seec: pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate ss: grass glass class boss ce: face race rice nice,z发这个音的字母和字母组合z s
19、 sez: zero zebra zoos: bags photos sistersse: nose rose,发这个音的字母和字母组合thth: three thin third teeth mouth,发这个音的字母和字母组合thth: father mother brother clothesweather, sure, she, social, nation Wash the fish, please. pleasure, television George measured the garage with pleasure., 发这个音的字母和字母组合s shs: sugar sur
20、e sh: ship sheep wash cash shop she,3发这个音的字母和字母组合s s: television, usually, Asiameasure a garage,an unusual collision; a great decision;my pleasure,破擦音 t He teaches children how to play chess.d John likes to tell jokes. tr Therere lots of trucks in the street. dr He likes strong drinks. ts The studen
21、ts are wearing white shirts.dz Take away your dirty hands.,t发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tchch: teacher peach cherry chair tch: watch match,d3发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dgeg: ginger giraffe j: jump job jam ge: orange cabbage cage,ts 发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tes ts: seats goats coats cats pets eatstes: gates kites dates tastes,dz 发这个音
22、的字母和字母组合ds des ds: seeds woods friends birds beds des: rides,tr 发这个音的字母和字母组合trtr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick,dr 发这个音的字母和字母组合drdr: draw drink driver dragon dry,鼻音 m May I have some milk, mum? n Nora knows the new comer. Lingling is listening to the song.,Compare n n ng /nk inink sin-sing th
23、in-thingthanthank son-song,m 发这个音的字母和字母组合m mb m: mouth mouse milk monkey moonmoney mummb: climb comb thumb,n发这个音的字母和字母组合n kn gn n: nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane down kn: knee knife knock gn: sign,发这个音的字母和字母组合n ng n: ink bank tank finger ng: sing hang song king readingrunning, h have h
24、ot, who whole hate house Helen holds her hands.,r 发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wrr: rice room ride road roserr: mirror carrot parrot wr: write wrong wrap,舌边音: l land, world 如果在后面 读 little, middle, castle，puzzle What a beautiful bicycle!,l 发这个音的字母和字母组合l lll: look light lock lucky lion tail ll: ball pull dollar t
25、ell,半元音: w wall, what, answer The homework every week is very hard.,w发这个音的字母和字母组合 w: winter window watch water well would wh: white where which when why wheel whale,6) 半元音: j yes yellow year Yes, your yellow skirt is wet.,j发这个音的字母和字母组合y y: yo-yo yogurt yard yes youyour,成音节m，n，l,英语辅音字母中有 3 个辅音m，n，l是响
26、音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节，也叫成音节。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾，一般是非重读音节。如： apple pl ， table teibl， middle midl, little litl， garden ga:dn，lesson lesn, physical fisikl ， realism ri:lizm 等等。,语音的基本常识 1、音节的划分一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。 2、重读音节任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“”。 3、浊化音以sp_, st_, sk_开头的单词中，清辅音
27、/p/ /t/ /k/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/。 4、定冠词the的读音e.g. the manc.f. the old man,5、不完全爆破爆破音p b t d k g 后面紧跟另一个爆破音时，前面的那个爆破音只在口腔内形成阻碍，而不能完全读出。e.g. basketball the part of the earth 6、连读在一个短语或句子中，如果相邻两词的关系相等密切，而前一个词以辅音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，辅音和元素连在一起读。 7、意群的停顿对于一个较长的句子，可以根据意思和结构将其分成几群,一个意群必须一口气说完。,Lets play a game,1.ai hv pen .2.hi: iz t :l. 3.it iz buk .,4.i: iz dkt .5. ai m ti:t .6. sm b:dz : sii .,
