1、专题四并列句与状语从句,-2-,基础考法,能力考法,考法1考查并列句中的连词并列连词的考查集中在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构;and表并列;yet/but表转折;or表选择;so表因果;while表对比;when表“当的时候”等。【典型例题1】(2017全国卷)The caf is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.解析:句意:咖啡厅位于一号楼楼上,每天开放到太平洋科学中心关闭前一小时。故填until意为“到时”。,-3-,基础考法
2、,能力考法,【典型例题2】(2014全国卷)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.解析:句意:有很多人在公交车站等车,他们中的一些人看上去非常焦虑和失望。根据句意可知,前后两句为并列关系。故填连词and。考法总结观察题干前后为两个成分完整的句子,且两句之间为并列关系,很容易得出答案为and。,-4-,基础考法,能力考法,【典型例题3】(2016四川卷)It was time for her to have a new baby, it w
3、as also time for the young panda to be independent.解析:句意:到了熊猫妈妈养育新宝宝的时候了,也是熊猫幼崽独立的时候了。两句之间为并列关系。故填and。考法总结空前It was time for.和空后的it was also time for.是两个独立的句子,中间缺少连词;再由句意很容易判断两句之间是并列关系。,-5-,基础考法,能力考法,考法2考查时间状语从句的引导词高考常考查的时间状语从句的引导词有when,while及as;另外,从属连词before也是高考考查的热点与难点,该词的含义是“在之前;要过时间才”。【典型例题4】(201
4、4陕西卷改编)The young couple,who returned my lost wallet,left I could ask for their names.解析:句意:那对年轻夫妻把我丢失的钱包还给了我,我还没来得及询问他们的名字,他们就离开了。before意为“在之前;还没来得及”。根据句意可知填before。考法总结通过分析句子结构可知前后两个句子间缺少连词,根据两句话的时间关系可知主句动作先发生,因此用before合适。,-6-,基础考法,能力考法,考法1考查让步状语从句的引导词高考主要考查让步状语从句的引导词:though,although及“疑问词+-ever”。【典型
5、例题1】(2014江苏卷改编)Lessons can be learned to face the future, history cannot be changed.解析:句意:虽然历史不能被改变,但是可以学习经验来面对未来。设空处引导让步状语从句。故填though/although。考法总结对比分析两个句子的意思可知设空处表达的意思是“虽然;尽管”。,-7-,基础考法,能力考法,考法2考查条件状语从句的引导词其中if,unless等是高考考查的重点。此类复合句中的时态呼应也是考查的重点,即if或unless引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句常用一般现在时表将来。【典型例题2】(20
6、14湖南卷改编)You will never gain success you are fully devoted to your work.解析:句意:除非你完全投入到你的工作中,否则你永远无法取得成功。根据句意可知,应填unless,意为“除非,如果不”,引导条件状语从句。故答案为unless。考法总结根据句意可知主从句是条件关系,且对比分析两句话间“主将从现”的时态及主句中的否定词never可知用表条件的unless。,-8-,基础考法,能力考法,考法3考查地点、原因、结果状语从句的引导词(1)where,wherever等引导地点状语从句。(2)because,since,as,now
7、 that引导原因状语从句。(3)so/such.that,so that等引导结果状语从句,可能会给出so或such,让考生填写that。【典型例题3】(2013山东卷改编)Mark needs to learn Chinese his company is opening a branch in Beijing.解析:句意:马克需要学习汉语,因为他的公司要在北京开分公司。设空处表示“由于,因为”,引导原因状语从句。故填since/as/because。由于高考限定无提示词的空格处只能填写一个单词,因此本题不能填now that。,-9-,基础考法,能力考法,考法总结设空前后两句都是完整的句
8、子,因而考虑设空处应填写连词或是从句引导词。根据句意,空后表示原因,因此该空引导原因状语从句。,-10-,1.(2016全国卷改编)Over time, the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.2.(2016全国卷改编)Get an early start and try to be as productive possible before lunch.,as/when考查状语从句。句意:慢慢地,随着人口的增长/当人口增长时,人们开始把食物切成小
9、片以使食物熟得更快。根据句意和句子结构可知,空处引导状语从句,表示“随着”或“当时”。故填as或when。,as考查状语从句。句意:早点儿开始并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。固定结构as.as possible意为“尽可能”。,-11-,3.House prices vary from place to place and are usually high there are famous schools.,where/because考查状语从句。此处表示“通常在有名校的地方房价会很高”或“因为有名校,这个地方房价会很高”。由句子结构及句意可知,空处引导地点或原因状语从句,所以用where或beca
10、use引导。,4. I feel sorry about your condition,I cant really do much to help.,Although/Though考查让步状语从句。句意:虽然我对你的情况表示遗憾,但是我真的是无能为力。根据句意可知,空处引导让步状语从句。故填Although或Though。,-12-,5.The proposal must be approved by the top legislature(立法机关) it comes into force.6.So,it may be only a minority of young people who
11、play classical instruments,but it comes to enjoying classical music,it depends on the piece of music.,before考查时间状语从句。句意:提议在生效之前必须得到最高立法机关的批准。根据句意可知,此处应用before“在之前”引导时间状语从句。,when考查时间状语从句。when it comes to.为固定结构,意为“当提到时”。,-13-,7.The explosion rocked the lake with such a force dead fish immediately rose
12、 to the surface.8.My opponent called me back and said we had to continue the competition one of us won.,that考查结果状语从句。此处表示“爆炸威力巨大以至于死鱼立刻浮出了水面”。such.that“如此以至于”,that引导结果状语从句。,until/till考查时间状语从句。句意:我的对手叫我回来说我们应该继续比赛直到有人赢为止。until/till意为“到时,直到为止”,引导时间状语从句。,-14-,10. you are travelling near or far,weve got
13、 tips on saving money and packing smartly.,9.We should move on bravely on our life journeydifficulties we meet with.,whatever考查让步状语从句。句意:在人生的旅程中不管遇到什么困难,我们都应该勇敢地继续前行。空处引导让步状语从句,根据空后的名词difficulties可知,应填whatever。,Whether考查让步状语从句。句意:无论你是远距离旅行还是近距离旅行,我们都有关于省钱和快速打包的建议。根据句中的“or”可知,此处是whether引导的让步状语从句。,-15
14、-,1.Dancing proved to be more than the table could bear,but during the party it capsized(翻).2.I was about to turn off the computer that an email arrived,informing me of the change of our travel plan.,butfor/because考查原因状语从句。句意:事实证明,这张桌子不能承受跳舞,因为在聚会中,它翻了。分析句子结构可知,此处为原因状语从句。,thatwhen考查时间状语从句。句意:我正要关电脑,
15、就在这时来了一封电子邮件,通知我旅行计划的改变。分析句子结构可知,这里实际上使用的是“be about to do.when.”句型,表示“正要做这时”。故应用when。,-16-,3.Sorry,I was out while you called me.If there are problems,please look for me in my office.,whilewhen考查时间状语从句。while引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词只能用延续性动词,而when引导的时间状语从句中既可以用延续性动词也可以用非延续性动词。call为非延续性动词。故用when。,4.In the aftern
16、oon,I went to the train station and managed to buy two tickets for my grandparents but there was a long queue.,butthough/although考查让步状语从句。此处表示“尽管队伍很长,下午我还是去火车站设法帮爷爷奶奶买到了两张票”,此处表让步关系。故用though或although。,-17-,5.After graduation,its been two years when John worked in the company.6.I didnt begin to like
17、our teacher when something happened one night.,whensince考查时间状语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处是“it has been+一段时间+since.”句式,表示“自从以来已经多长时间”。故用since。,whenuntil考查状语从句。句意:直到一天晚上发生了一件事情,我才开始喜欢我们的宿管。not.until表示“直到才”,为固定搭配。,-18-,7.If you want to place an order with a foreign company,you can email the message.Itll be minutes
18、after you get their reply.8.Communicate with people where you go in English,for it is spoken in more than 100 countries.9.Unless you want some information on your employment rights,you can contact the Employment Service Office or visit our website.,afterbefore考查时间状语从句。此处为固定句型“It+be+时间段+before.”,意为“多
19、久以后”,故用连词before引导时间状语从句。,wherewherever考查状语从句。根据句意可知此处表示“无论哪里”。故应用wherever。,UnlessIf考查条件状语从句。根据句意可知,此处表示“如果你想要一些关于雇用权利的信息”。故改为If。unless意为“除非”。,-19-,10.The moment when I stood on the stage,I was so nervous that my mind completely went blank.,删除when考查时间状语从句。the moment可以引导时间状语从句。故when多余。,-20-,It is impo
20、rtant to believe in yourself.Believe that you can do it under any circumstances,because 1. you believe you can,then you really can.2. belief keeps you searching for answers,which means soon you will get them.Confidence is more than an attitude.It comes from knowing 3.(exact) where you are going and
21、how you are going to get there.It comes from a strong sense of purpose.It comes from a strong 4.(commit) to take responsibility,rather than just letting life happen.One way 5.(develop) self-confidence is to do the things that you fear and to get a record of 6. (succeed) experiences behind you.,-21-,
22、Confidence is not just believing you can do it.Confidence is knowing you can do it.Know that you are capable 7. completing anything you want,and live your life with confidence.Anything can be achieved through 8.(determine) effort and self-confidence.If your life is not what you want it to be,you hav
23、e the power to change 9.,and you must make the changes step by step.Live with your goals and take action.Act with your own purpose,and you 10.(have) the life you want.,-22-,【解题导语】本文介绍了什么是自信以及自信的作用。1.if考查条件状语从句。句意:相信在任何情况下你都可以做到。因为如果你认为你可以,你就真的可以。根据句意可知,设空处引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”。故填if。2.The考查冠词。句意:这种信念可以使你一直
24、不停地寻找答案,这意味着你很快就能找到答案。空后的belief特指上文提到的信念。故填定冠词The。3.exactly考查副词。句意:自信来自你确切地知道你要去哪儿,以及你将怎样到达那里。设空处修饰knowing,应用副词。故填exactly。mitment考查名词。根据空前的“a strong”可知,应填名词。故填commitment。,-23-,5.to develop考查固定搭配。way to do sth是固定搭配,表示“的方式”。故填to develop。6.successful考查形容词。句意:一种培养自信的方法是做你害怕的事,然后记录下你成功的经历。设空处修饰名词experien
25、ces,应用形容词。故填successful。7.of考查介词。句意:知道你有能力完成任何你想完成的事,以自信的态度生活。be capable of.为固定短语,意为“有能力”。故填of。8.determined考查词性转换。句意:任何事都可以通过坚定的努力和自信实现。设空处修饰名词,所以要用形容词。故填determined。9.it考查代词。句意:如果生活不是你想要的那样,你有能力改变它。设空处做change的宾语,指代上文提到的life,故填it。,-24-,10.will have考查动词的时态。句意:带着自己的目标行动,你将会得到你想要的生活。此处为“祈使句十and+陈述句”结构,其陈述句部分用一般将来时。故填will have。,
