1、全国人民代表大会 National Peoples Congress(NPC)主席团 Presidium常委委员会 Standing Committee办公厅 General Office秘书处 Secretariat代表资格审查委员会 Credentials Committee提案审查委员会 Motions Examination Committee民族委员会 Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会 Law Committee财务经济委员会 Finance and Economy Committee外事委员会 Foreign Affairs Committee教育，科学，
2、文化和卫生委员会 Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee内务司法委员会 Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会 Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制工作委员会 Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题委员会 Committee of Inquiry into Special Questions宪法修改委员会 Committee for Revision of the Constitution中华人
3、民共和国主席 President of the Peoples Republic of China中央军事委员会 Central Military Commission最高人民法院 Supreme Peoples Court最高人民检察院 Supreme Peoples Procuratorate国务院 State Council国务院部委 Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部 Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部 Ministry of National Defence国家发展和改
4、革委员会 State Development and Reform Commission教育部 Ministry of Education科学技术部 Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会 State Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence国家民族事务委员会 State Ethnic Affairs Commission 公安部 Ministry of Public Security国家安全部 Ministry of State Security监
5、察部 Ministry of Supervision民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部 Ministry of Justice财政部 Ministry of Finance人事部 Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部 Ministry of Labor and Social Security国土资源部 Ministry of Land and Resources建设部 Ministry of Construction铁路部 Ministry of Railways交通部 Ministry of Communications信息产业部 Mini
6、stry of Information Industry水利部 Ministry of Water Resources农业部 Ministry of Agriculture商业部 Ministry of Commerce文化部 Ministry of Culture卫生部 Ministry of Public Health国家人口与计划生育委员会 State Commission for Population and Family Planning中国人民银行 Peoples Bank of China审计署 National Audit Office国务院办事机构 Offices under
7、 the State Council国务院侨务办公室 Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council国务院港澳事务办公室 Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council国务院台湾事务办公室 Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council国务院法制办公室 Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council国务院研究室 Research Office of the State Council国务院
8、新闻办公室 the State Council Information Office国务院直属机构 Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署 General Administration of Customs国家税务总局 State Bureau of Taxation国家环境保护总局 State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局 Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局 State Administrati
9、on of Radio, Film and Television国家体育总局 State Physical Cultural Administration国家统计局 State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局 State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署 State Press and Publication Administration国家版权局 State Copyright Bureau国家林业局 State Forestry Bureau国家质量监督检验检疫总局 General Administration
10、for Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine国家安全生产监督管理局 State Administration of Work Safety国家药品监督管理局 State Drug Administration (SDA)国家知识产权局 State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)国家旅游局 National Tourism Administration国家宗教事务局 State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事室 Counselors Office of the Sta
11、te Council国务院机关事务管理局 Government Offices Administration of the State Council商店中英文对照书店 books store 粮店 grain store 食品点 food store 煤店 coal store 食品杂货（副食品）店 grocery 酱园 sauce and pickles shop 肉店 meat (butchers) shop酒店 wine shop 水产店 aquatic products shop 家禽店 fowl shop 豆腐店 beancurd shop 烤肉店 roast meat shop
12、卤味店 sauced meat shop 饮食店 food and drink shop 小吃店 eating house (snack bar) 饭店 restaurant冷饮店 cold drinks shop蔬菜店水果店 green grocery (green grocers)蔬菜店 vegetables shop 鞋帽店 shoes and hats store 百货公司 department store 百货商场 general merchandise market 服装店 clothing store 成衣店 ready-made clothes shop 呢绒绸布店 wool,
13、 silk and cotton fabrics store药店（美：杂货店） drug store (pharmacy) 儿童用品商店 childrens goods shop 妇女用品商店 womens goods shop 钟表店 watch and clock ship文具店 stationers (stationery shop) 日用杂货店 daily-use sundry goods shop 炊事用具商店 cooking utensils shop 家用器具商店 household utensils shop 五金商店 metal products shop 家具店 furni
14、ture shop 眼镜店 eyeglasses store 玻璃礼品店 glass gifts store 爆竹鞭炮店 fireworks shop 电器商店 electrical appliance shop油漆店 paint shop化工油漆染料店 chemicals, paint and dyestuffs shop 地产建材商店 native building materials store 照相馆（摄影室） photographic studio (photographers) 旧货店 second-hand goods store (used goods store) 寄卖商店
15、commission shop 综合修理店 general repair shop (service) 工艺美术服务社 arts and crafts shop 花店 flower shop 古玩珠宝店 antiques and jewelry shop 香烟店（摊） cigarette shop (stall) 售报亭 newspaper and magazine stand茶馆 tea house 理发店 barbers shop (hairdressers) 洗澡堂 bath house 旅店/旅馆 inn/ hotel邮局 post office银行业务部门中英文对照Board of
16、Directors 董事会President 行长Executive Office 经理办公室 Personnel Dept. 人事部General Affairs Dept. 总务部Co-ordination excessive inventory 挤提存款 run on banks 挤占挪用 unwarranted diversion of（financial）resources（from designated uses） 技改投资 investment in technological upgrading 技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product 计划单列
17、市 municipalities with independent planning status 计划经济 planned economy 集体经济 the collective sector 加大结构调整力度 to intensify structural adjustment 加工贸易 processing trade 加快态势 accelerating trend 加强税收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration 加权价 weighted average price 价格放开 price liberalization 价格形成机制 pricing mecha
18、nism 减亏 to reduce losses 简化手续 to cut red tape;to simplify（streamline）procedures 交投活跃 brisk trading 缴存准备金 to deposit required reserves 结构扭曲 structural distortion 结构失调 structural imbalance 结构性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance 结构优化 structural improvement（optimization） 结汇、售汇 sale and purchase of foreign e
19、xchange 金融脆弱 financial fragility 金融动荡 financial turbulence 金融风波 financial disturbance 金融恐慌 financial panic 金融危机 financial crisis 金融压抑 financial repression 金融衍生物 financial derivatives 金融诈骗 financial fraud 紧缩银根 to tighten monetary policy 紧缩政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies 经常账户可兑换 current
20、 account convertibility 经济特区 special economic zones（SEZs） 经济体制改革 economic reform 经济增长方式的转变 change in the main source of economic growth（from investment expansion to efficiency gains） 经济增长减速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth 经济制裁 economic sanction 经营自主权 autonomy in management 景气回升 recov
21、ery in business activity 境外投资 overseas investment 竞争加剧 intensifying competition 局部性金融风波 localized（isolated）financial disturbance改革试点 reform experimentation 杠杆率 leverage ratio 杠杆收购 leveraged buyout 高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest 个人股 non-institutional shares 根本扭转 fundamental turnaround（
22、or reversal） 公开市场操作 open market operations 公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts 公用事业 public utilities 公有经济 the state-owned sector;the public sector 公有制 public ownership 工业成本利润率 profit-to-cost ratio 工业增加值 industrial value added 供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply 鼓励措施 incentives 股
23、份合作企业 joint-equity cooperative enterprises 股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises 股份制银行 joint-equity banks 固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans 关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption 关税减让 tariff concessions 关税优惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment 规范行为 to regularize（or standardize）behavior 规模效益 economies of sc
24、ale 国计民生 national interest and peoples livelihood 国家对个人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals 国家风险 country risk 国际分工 international division of labor 国际收支 balance of payments 国有独资商业银行 wholly state-owned commercial banks 国有经济（部门） the state-owned（or public）sector 国有企业 state-owned enterprises（SOEs
25、） 国有制 state-ownership 国有资产流失 erosion of state assets 国债回购 government securities repurchase 国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of government securities 过度竞争 excessive competition 过度膨胀 excessive expansion 过热迹象 signs of overheating 买方市场 buyers market 卖方市场 sellers market 卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo 贸易差额 trade
26、 balance 民间信用 non-institutionalized credit 免二减三 exemption of income tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax reduction for thefollowing three years 明补 explicit subsidy 明亏 explicit loss 名牌产品 brand products 母国（请见“东道国”） home countryN 内部控制 internal control 内部审计 internal audit 内地与香港 the ma
27、inland and Hong Kong 内债 domestic debt 扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one 扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources 农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement 农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives（RCCs）P 泡沫效应 bubble effect 泡沫经济 bubble economy 培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth 片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth 平衡发展 balanced development 瓶颈制约 bottleneck（constraints） 平稳回升 steady recovery 铺底流动资金 initial（start-up）working capital 普遍回升 broad-based recovery 配套改革 concomitant（supporting）reforms 配套人民币资金 local currency funding of
