1、Autograft Transfer from the Ipsilateral Femoral Condyle in Depressed Tibial Plateau Fractures,N.K. Sferopoulos 2ndDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, “G. Gennimatas” Hospital, 54635 Thessaloniki, Greece,Abstract:,Introduction: The rationale for operative treatmen
2、t of depressed tibial plateau fractures is anatomic reduction, stable fixation and grafting. Grafting options include autogenous bone graft or bone substitutes.,Methods:,The autograft group included 18 patients with depressed tibial plateau fractures treated with autogenous bone grafting from the ip
3、silateral femoral condyle following open reduction and internal fixation. According to Schatzker classification, there were 9 type II, 4 type III, 2 type IV and 3 type V lesions.,The average time to union and the hospital charges were compared with the bone substitute group. The latter included 17 p
4、atients who had an excellent outcome following treatment of split and/or depressed lateral plateau fractures, using a similar surgical technique but grafting with bone substitutes (allografts).,Results:,Excellent clinical and radiological results were detected in the autograft group after an average
5、 follow-up of 28months (range 12-37). The average time to union in the autograft group was 14 weeks (range 12-16), while in the bone substitute group it was 18 weeks (range 16-20). The mean total cost was 1276 Euros for the autograft group and 2978 Euros for the bone substitute group.,Fig. (1). Scha
6、tzker type V fracture of the right tibia in a 36-year-old man with a body weight exceeding 160 kilograms that was not changed during follow-up. Preoperative (a) and early postoperative (b) computed tomography views. The femoral cortical window is located at the level of the physeal scar. Final radio
7、graphs, 30 months postoperatively (c).,Discussion:,The use of autogenous graft from the ipsilateral femoral condyle following open reduction and internal fixation of depressed tibial plateau fractures provided enough bone to maintain the height of the tibial plateau and was not associated with any d
8、onor site morbidity. Using this method, the surgical time was not significantly elongated and the rehabilitation was not affected. It also exhibited faster fracture healing without postoperative loss of reduction and it was less expensive than the use of bone substitutes.,The use of bone grafting in
9、 conventionally treated plateau fractures is associated with superior results . Bone graft, using either autogenous (autologous) bone or bone substitutes, is packed within the subarticular osseous defect following fracture reduction and preferably before internal fixation .,Autogenous bone graft has
10、 been considered the optimum standard for management of bone defects in unstable fractures of the tibial plateau. It exhibits all three prerequisite properties including osteogenic potential, osteoinductive factors and osteoconductive scaffold along with an optimal biological reaction. The most like
11、ly source of autograft for treating lateral tibial plateau fractures is the iliac crest .,Other sources of autograft for treating depressed lateral tibial plateau fractures include the medial tibia, the fibula, the patella and the greater trochanter . The use of the distal femur has occasionally bee
12、n referred as a bone graft donor site.,A number of disadvantages have also been documented with the use of several graft harvest sites. Iliac bone graft procurement requires a second surgical procedure thus increasing the needed time or personnel and may, finally, be associated with a keloid or a hy
13、pertrophic surgical scar.,The use of the fibular head or shaft as autogenous bone graft is associated with a potential injury to the peroneal nerve and the anatomy of the area is permanently altered. Patellar autografting may not be sufficient for a large fracture cavity, while bone grafting from th
14、e greater trochanter has mechanical disadvantages, especially in older patients.,The current study indicated that the use of the ipsilateral femoral condyle as a donor graft site for depressed tibial plateau fractures has specific advantages over other donor sites as well as over bone graft substitu
15、tes. The surgical time is not significantly elongated since only a proximal extension of the surgical approach, usually not exceeding 2cm, is needed and the patient is not exposed to an increased infection risk .,It also provides sufficient corticocancellous bone graft which has the advantages of st
16、ructural support and bone inductive biologic capacity to prevent late articular subsidence . Moreover, the close proximity to the fracture site tends to reduce the impactof any eventual morbidity at the donor site.,In addition, rehabilitation and recovery period is not affected, since the cavity of
17、the femoral condyle is usually restored within the time that the patient remains non weight-bearing for the healing of the tibial plateau fracture. The potential complication risk of a cortical fracture is significantly diminished, since the cortical metaphyseal bone at the level above the physeal scar is soft and thin. Finally, the results of this study also indicated the lower cost of the procedure using autograft harvest from the ipsilateral femoral condyle versus bone substitute cost.,thank you,
