1、苏丹:新兴的旅游目的地 阿卜杜勒阿齐兹 王晓波 苏丹人报 Sudan seeks to attract more than 100 million touristsMohamed Abdelaziz Alsudani newspaper; HARTOUM-The triumph of the Kushite Queen, Kandake Amanirenas, overthe invading Roman armies after five years of fierce fighting has so much inflamed the zeal of American star, Keke
2、 Palmer that tattooed a cluster of pyramids of the Kushite civilization on her neck with the words“Queen of Kush”.When asked about the secret tattoo, Palmer replied on Instagram“The Kingdom of Kush was an ancient African Nubian kingdom situated on the confluences of the Blue Nile, White Nile and Riv
3、er Atbara, which today is part of modern-day Sudan.Coincidentally, Kekes fascination with the Sudanese pyramids went viral around the same time HHSheikha Moza, mother of Qatars ruler Tamim Bin Hamad AlThani, visited the pyramids.Since then, Gulf telecom and air travel companies have been cashing in
4、on references to the Kushite civilization via commercials.Emirates airline recently published an add of the Bajrawiyya pyramids with the words, “We carry you to Khartoum”written just above.For decades, Sudans ancient history and artifacts have been overshadowed by images of regional instability and
5、deprivation primarily perpetuated in Western media.Since South Sudan seceded in 2011, the International Council on Monuments and Sites indicated that just 6, 000tourists and visitors a year came to Meroe, the site of 200 pyramids.But as the worlds becomes more captivated by the grandeur of ancient c
6、ivilizations, Sudan is increasingly reclaiming its identity as one of the worlds most rich ancient heritages sites and emerging as a tourist destination.In his article for the New York Times, “Pyramids by the Nile.Egypt?No, Sudan, ”Andrew Mc Carthy describes his trip to Sudan as a rare opportunity o
7、f historical enlightenment.Organized by Will Jones, owner of the safari firm“Journeys by Design, Mc Carthy explored the remoteand safenorthern region of the Nubian Desert, clustered with more pyramids than Egypt but yet hardly visited by outsiders.In the heart of the Sudanese capital, Mc Carthys fir
8、st impressions of Khartoum was of order and a cleanliness on the streets with paved roads and without the ubiquitous plastic bags that litter so much of the continent.At Souk Omdurman, the citys largest market, the narrow alleyways and covered passages swarm with life just like any typical East Afri
9、can market but lacking the tension of similar bazaars in Ethiopia or Tanzania.Outside of the city lays the Old Dongola, center of the Christian kingdom of Makuria from the seventh to the 14th century.In Kerma there is a deffufa (Nubian for“mud brick building”) dating from 1500 B.C.His travelogue als
10、o describes crossing and re-crossing the famous Nile River and camping in the desert.Mc Carthy however is not the only one embarking on this excursion.Sudans Ministry of Tourism reported that since Princess Mozas visit to Sudan hotel occupation jumped by more than 80%.Within the last three years num
11、ber of tourists has steadily been on the rise, reaching about 800, 000 in 2016.In 2018, the Ministry anticipates there will be a very high influx of tourists to Sudan, especially from China, Russia, Germany and the rest of Europe.Estimates project tourist numbers to hit 4 million in 2018.However, Su
12、dan has an even more ambitious target to attract 100 million tourists once the construction of tourist infrastructure is complete.随着世界越来越被古代文明的恢宏魅力所吸引, 苏丹正日益恢复其作为一个世界上最丰富的古代遗产所在地的身份, 并且也正在成为一个新兴的旅游胜地苏丹首都喀土穆库什女王 Kandake Amanirenas与入侵的罗马军队进行了长达 5年的激烈战争后终于取得了胜利, 这引发了美国女星柯克帕尔莫的极大热情, 她竟然在自己脖子上纹了一串代表库什文明的
13、金字塔以及“库什女王”的文字。当被问及这一纹身的寓意时, 她在 Instagram上回应说“库什王国是非洲一个古老的努比亚王国, 它坐落在青尼罗河、白尼罗河和阿特巴拉河的交汇处, 是今日苏丹的一部分。”巧合的是, 就在柯克对苏丹金字塔着迷的同时, 卡塔尔元首塔米姆阿勒萨尼的母亲莫扎王妃也到访了金字塔。从此, 海湾电信和航空公司就开始通过播出有关介绍库什文明的广告赚钱了。阿联酋航空公司最近也播出了一则介绍当地金字塔的广告:“我们带你飞往喀土穆去看金字塔!”几十年来, 由于苏丹留给人们地区形势不稳定的印象, 同时又被西方媒体剥夺了宣传权利, 结果使得其古代历史和文物都遭到了埋没。2011 年南苏丹
14、独立后, 国际古迹遗址理事会发现, 每年到访梅罗 (200 个金字塔所在地) 的游客仅有6000人。不过随着游客越来越被古代文明的恢宏魅力所吸引, 苏丹正日益恢复其作为一个世界上最丰富的古代遗产所在地的身份, 并且也正在成为一个新兴的旅游目的地。在安德鲁麦卡锡为纽约时报所撰写的文章金字塔在埃及的尼罗河畔?不对, 它在苏丹中, 作者将他的苏丹之行描述为一次发现历史的难得且珍贵的机会。那次旅行是由“定制旅行”公司的老板威尔琼斯组织的, 麦卡锡他们前往努比亚沙漠的北部这一虽然遥远但绝对安全的地区进行了考查, 那里的金字塔比埃及的还要多, 可却几乎没有外人前去参观。对于喀土穆, 麦卡锡的第一印象是秩序
15、井然, 街道上的道路干净整洁, 这在非洲大陆的其它国家是很少见的。在喀土穆最大的集市乌姆杜尔曼, 狭窄的通道两边商品琳琅满目, 充满生机, 与其它的东非市场别无两样, 但却没有埃塞俄比亚或坦桑尼亚集市里的紧张气氛。另外, 麦卡锡还提到了苏丹北部城镇栋古拉, 它在 7世纪到 14世纪期间曾是基督教王国穆库拉的都城。在另一座城镇科玛基, 保留着一个公元前 15世纪的“德富法斯” (意为“泥砖建筑”) 。另外, 他在游记中还叙述了来回穿越著名的尼罗河和在沙漠里露营的经历。参加这次考查的并不是只有麦卡锡一人。根据苏丹旅游部的报道, 自从莫扎王妃对苏丹进行访问后, 其酒店的入住率已经超过了 80%。在过去的 3年里, 游客人数一直在稳步增加, 在 2016年时已经达到了 80万人。旅游部预计到 2018年, 会有更多的游客涌入苏丹, 尤其是来自中国、俄罗斯、德国和欧洲其它国家的游客, 他们估计总人数有可能突破 400万。但是苏丹还有更雄心勃勃的目标, 那就是在旅游基础设施建设完成后, 能够吸引到 1亿游客前来旅游观光。充满异域风情的苏丹金字塔 下载原图
