1、1Unit 6 Our Local Area词句精讲精练词汇精讲 1. firstfirst 作序数词时，意为：“第一（的） ”。表示顺序，前面要加定冠词 the，或者形容词性物主代词 his 等；其相对的词为 last（最后的） 。例如：the first student 第一个学生my first class 我的第一节课【拓展】(1) first 作名词， 意为：“第一个人或事” 。例如：Im the first to arrive here. 我是第一个到这的人。(2) first 作副词， 意为：“最早，首先” 。例如：First, Id like to show you aroun
2、d my school. 首先，我想带你参观一下我的学校。2. floor(1) floor 名词， “地面，地板” 。例如：sweep the floor 扫地(2) floor 还可以当楼层讲，表示“在楼”时，用“on thefloor”。注意美式英语和英式英语在楼层表达上的区别：英式英语一楼 ground floor二楼 first floor美式英语一楼 First floor二楼 Second floor 3. put awayput away 意为“把收起来；放好” ，后跟名词宾语时，可以放在中间或后面；后跟代词宾语时，只 能放在动词词组中间。例如：Please put your
3、books away=Please put away your books.请把你的书收拾好。Look, your socks are here. Please put them away. 看，你的袜子在这儿，请把他们收放好。4. only(1) only 副词， “仅仅，只” 。常放在所强调的词或者短语之前，表示程度。例如：I have only one book. 我只有一本书。(2) only 还可以作形容词，表示“唯一的；仅有的“，在句中常作定语。例如：This is their only son. 这是他们唯一的儿子。5. close to(be) close to 意为“靠近，接
4、近” ，相当于 next to。例如：Jims house is close to his school. Jim 的家离学校很近。I live close to the supermarket. 我住得离超市很近。【拓展】close 可作动词，意为“关上，闭上” 。其形容词形式为 closed，意为“关着的” 。例如：Please close the door, and keep the door closed. 请关上门并让门关着。26. sleepsleep 意为“睡眠” ，强调持续的动作。sleep 的过去式为 slept。例如：You should sleep eight hours
5、 a day. 一天你应该睡八小时。I slept late this morning, so I was late for school. 今天早上睡过了头，所以我迟到了。【拓展】(1) sleep 还可以作名词，意为“睡眠” 。例如：How many hours sleep do you need? 你需要多少小时的睡眠？fall into a deep sleep 酣然入睡 go to sleep 入睡，睡着(2) sleeping adj. 意为“睡着的；熟睡的” ，通常作定语。例如：There is a sleeping baby in the bed. 床上有一个睡着的婴儿。(3)
6、 sleepy adj. 意为“困倦的” ，通常作定语和表语。例如：I feel sleepy after a long walk. 经过长时间的散步后，我感觉很困倦。7. movemove 的用法比较多，现总结如下：(1) move 可作及物动词，意为“移动、搬动、使改变位置（或姿势） ”。例如：He moved the sofa to the left. 他把沙发移到左边。(2) move 作及物动词，还可意为“感动、鼓动、激动” 。例如：The speech moved them to tears. 那场演说把他们感动得落泪。(3) move 还可作不及物动词，意为“离开、动身迁移、搬家
7、” 。例如：He moved his family to a smaller house. 他把家搬到一个较小的房子里。【注意】搬到某地常用 move to + 地点，但当副词作地点状语时，此时可省略掉 to。【拓展】move house 搬家 move to Paris 搬到巴黎 move in 搬进，迁进 move on 继续前进8. costcost 是动词，意为“花费” 。它的主语一般是事物，其后接表示金钱的名词作宾语。例如：The coat costs me 200 yuan. 那件外套花了我 200 元。【拓展】表示“花费”的 spend、take、cost 和 pay 的辨析：词
8、语 主语 结构spend 人(sb.) sb. spends + 时间或金钱 + (in) doing sth. /on sth.take it 作形式主语 It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语)pay 人(sb.) sb. pays + 金钱+ for sth.cost sth.(物) sth. costs sb. + 金钱例如：I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘
9、公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。I paid six yuan for the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。9. missmiss 为动词，意为“想念，思念” 。例如：Ill miss you when you go to Canada. 你到了加拿大以后，我一定会想你。3【拓展】(1) miss 作动词还有“未击中，未抓住”的意思。例如：I tried to hit the ball but I missed. 我努力地想击中球，但却未成功。(2) miss 还可意为“未赶上，错过” ，是动词。例
10、如：I missed the football match on TV last night. 我错过了昨天晚上电视中的足球赛。(3) miss 与 like; mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop; cant help; give up 等词一样后接动词的-ing 形式。例如：I dont want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。10. acrossacross 是介词，意为“横过，穿过”。例如：You can go across the
11、 bridge. 你可以越过这座桥。You must not run across the road. 你不要跑过马路。Are those old men walking across the street? 那些老大爷在横过马路吗？【拓展】cross; across 与 through 的辨析：这三个词均有“过，通过”之意。唯独 cross 是动词，在句中多作谓语，across 和 through 是介词；across 和 cross 强调从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体表面上进行的动作，across 常与 go; walk; fly; jump 等动词搭配；through 则强调从某一范
12、围的一端到另一端或沿着某一条线进行的动作，且表示的动作在立体的内部空间进行，如穿过沙漠、森林、窗户、城市等。例如：He walked across the street in a hurry. 他匆匆忙忙地穿过街道。The river runs through the city. 这条河从这座城市中间流过。Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。11. untiluntil 意为“直到” ，有下列用法：(1) 作介词，后接时间名词，在句中作时间状语。(2) 作连词，后接从句，引导时间状语从句。例如：We waited until the rain
13、 stopped. 我们等到雨停了。She stayed there until 9 oclock. 她一直等到 9 点钟。【拓展】(1) until 用在肯定句中，多与持续性的动词连用。如 stand/wait/stay 等，表示主句动作的终止时间。(2) until 可用于否定句中，即 notuntil意为“直到才” ，常与非延续性动词连用。如open/start/leave/arrive 等，强调主句动作开始的时间。例如：The child didnt go to bed until his father came back. 直到父亲回来，那个孩子才睡觉。The little girl
14、 stayed until her mother came. 那个小女孩一直等到她妈妈来。12. both(1) 代词，意为“两者，双方，两人” 。例如：Both of the flowers are very beautiful. = The flowers are both very beautiful. 这两朵花都很漂亮。(2) 形容词，意为“两者的，双方的” 。例如：She wants both dictionaries. 这两本字典她都想要。4Both the answers are wrong. 这两个答案都是错的。(3) 副词，意为“两者，两者都是” ，常用于行为动词之前，be
15、动词、助动词、情态动词之后。例如：They can both dance. 他们俩都会跳舞。(4) bothand 意为“和都，既又” ，用于连接两个并列成分，连接并列主语时，谓语动词应该用复数形式。例如：Both you and your sister like it very much. 你和你姐姐都非常喜欢它。【拓展】(1) 当 both 用于否定句时，表示“并非两者都” 。例如：I dont like both the sweaters. 这两件毛衣，我并不都喜欢。(2) bothand的否定形式为 neithernor意为“既不也不” 。例如：He can speak neither
16、 French nor English. 他既不会法语也不会英语。词汇精练I. 英汉互译。1. go upstairs_ 2. have a look _ 3. 把收好 _ 4. on the left _5. look for _ 6. 相互 _7. close to _ 8. far from _9. 在对面_ 10. need to do sth._II. 根据句意及首字母提示写出所缺单词。1. Look! There is a big b_ over the river.2. How far is it from your home to school? Its about five
17、hundred m_.3. Go a_ Zhong Hua Road until you see a hospital. The bank is next to it.4. If you get up late, youll m_ the early bus.5. You must be c_ when you want to go across the bridge.6. Mr. Green lives just next to me. He is my n_.7.Be q_, boys and girls! Class begins.8.We live close to the train
18、 s_ , so we cant sleep very well.9.There is a bank on the street c_.10.They want to buy something, so they are looking around in a s_.III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. What _(be) in the tree? There are two birds.2. Are there _ (some) books on the desk?3. Whats on the _(teacher) desk? 4. There _ (be) much mone
19、y in the bank.5. My bedroom is on the _(two) floor.6. The dog is a _(use) animal.7. Thank you for _(tell) me the news.8. Why not _ (listen) to music? 9. There is a sofa in the _ (live) room. 10. They _ (play) computer games at the moment.IV.阅读短文，英汉互译下列句子。Today is Sunday. Lucy wants to visit her frie
20、nd, Lisa. Lisas house is on Bridge 5Street. It is far from Lucyshouse, 因此露西在超市前面乘公交车。The supermarket is just next to her house.The bus goes down New Street and then turns left. Now it is on Center Street. It goes straight and goes across Bridge Street. 它把露西带到了 KFC。Then Lucy has to walk to Lisas hous
21、e. She passes the post office and the bank on her right. She arrives at Lisas house now.1._2._3._4._5._参考答案I. 英汉互译。1. 上楼 2. 看一看 3. put away 4. 在左边 5. 寻找 6. each other 7. 靠近8. 远离 9. across from 10. 需要做某事II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。1. bridge 2. meters 3. along 4. miss 5. careful6.neighbor 7.quiet 8.station 9.corner 10.supermarket/storeIII. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. is 2. any 3. teachers 4. is 5. second 6. useful 7. telling 8. listen 9. living 10. are playing IV. 阅读短文，英汉互译下列句子。1. 露西想要拜访她的朋友丽萨。2. so Lucy takes a bus in front of the supermarket.3.公共汽车沿着新街向前行然后左拐。4. It takes Lucy to KFC.5.她经过了右边的邮局和银行
