1、教材研读一、重点单词熟记1_n相像性；相似点2_adv.收费；控诉n.费用；主管3_adj.物理的；身体的4_vt.罚款5_n海报；招贴6_vt.&vi.做广告；登广告,Section Learning about Language,similarity,charge,physical,fine,poster,advertise,二、重点短语探究1in_主管；看管2take_place of代替3go_出毛病 三、教材佳句背诵1So he practiced hard every day _ _ _be admitted as a competitor.所以他每天努力练习为的是被允许做一名参赛
2、者。2Dont_ _ _the passive voice in your poster.别忘了在你的海报中使用被动语态。,charge,the,wrong,in order,forget to use,to,1charge vt. & vi.收费；控诉；充电n.费用；主管(教材原句)duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong(P12)如果事情出问题了要负有责任并有麻烦【句法分析】此句是复合句。连词if连接的从句为条件状语从句；连词and连接的句子为主句。【用法归纳】charge.for.索价，要价charge sb w
3、ith accuse sb of doing sth 指控某人in charge of负责，主管,in the charge of sb.由某人负责take charge of负责，主管free of charge免费What did they charge for the repairs?他们收了多少维修费用？The house in downtown cost him 3 million yuan.市中心的房子花了他300万元。Airplane fares have gone up again.飞机票又涨价了。I wont buy that type of car at that pric
4、e.我不会以那个价格买那种类型的车。Who paid the fee for hosting the party? 谁出钱举办舞会？,【即境活用】完成句子He _ me 100 dollars_this coat.这件外套他要我一百美元。The driver was _speeding.司机被控超速驾车。An experienced mechanic is _the job. 一位有经验的机械师负责这工作。 The project is_an experienced worker.一位经验丰富的工人负责这项工程。,He _ the farm after his fathers death.父亲
5、去世后他掌管了这家农场。Delivery is_ _.免费运送。答案charged；forcharged within charge ofin the charge oftook charge offree of charge,【辨析】cost, charge, price, fee，fare,【典例剖析】Christmas is a holiday usually celebrated on December 25th _the birth of Jesus Christ. Ain charge of Bin terms ofCin favor of Din honor of解析考查介词短语
6、辨析。句意：为了纪念耶稣诞生，通常在12月25日庆祝圣诞节。in charge of负责；in terms of在方面；in favour of赞成，支持；in honor of向表示敬意，为庆祝。答案D,The cleaner_me 40 for cleaning my house the other day.Acost Bspent Cused Dcharged解析考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天前，这个清洁工打扫我的房间要价40英镑。cost花费，使付出；spend花费，度过；use使用；charge要价，指控。答案D考点警示：charge是新课标重点单词，对它的考查有四：charge和ac
7、cuse表示“控告”时，介词不同；charge 和with搭配；accuse要跟介词of；名词或动词词义辨析；in charge of与in the charge of的用法。,【即境活用】单项填空How much money do you need to_the trip to Tibet?Im not sure about it，but it will cost at least 500 yuan.Apay Bcharge Cafford Dcover解析考查动词。句意：你需要多少钱才能包括去西藏旅游的费用？我不是很确定，但至少需要500元。pay“支付”； charge“收费”； aff
8、ord“负担得起”； cover“涵盖”。答案D,One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living_.Afares Bexpenses Cprices Dcharges解析考查名词。句意：一月1,000美元不是一笔财富，但是能帮助支付我的生活费用。fare为“车、船费用”； expense为“花费；费用”； price为“价格”； charge为“价格；索价”。答案B,Do you know what made Susan so upset? I saw her weeping just n
9、ow._giving away state secrets.ACharged withBBeing charged with CAccusing ofDTo be accused of,解析考查非谓语短语。句意：你知道苏珊为什么心烦意乱吗？我刚才看见她哭了。被指控泄露了国家机密。对what回答，应用名词或动名词。故先排除A、D。Susan和charge with/accuse of之间是动宾关系，应用被动。故选B。答案B,【用法归纳】goadj.一般朝不好的方向变化。go wrong出毛病；故障go bad变质 go sour变酸；变馊 go mad疯了【典例剖析】His illness is
10、 _worse.Agoing Bcoming Crunning Ddoing解析考查动词。句意：他的病情在恶化。表示情况朝不好的地方发展。答案A,2the same后面接as引导的定语从句，该定语从句是省略句(教材原句)Choose the word or phrase that means almost the same as the word in italics.(P12)选择和斜体字含义接近的词或短语。【句法分析】这是一个复合句。主语为you已经省略；that引导的从句为定语从句，修饰先行词the word or phrase；as引导的从句 the word in italics在句
11、中作定语修饰same，后面省略了the word or phrase。,【用法归纳】其用法为：在“the same(名词)”后面接定语从句，而且从句的谓语动词与主句的谓语动词相同时，如果后面的定语从句是省略句，则需用as来引导。如果是完整的定语从句，则根据不同的先行词及先行词在定语从句中充当的成分来确定关系词。考点警示the same.as表示不同的事物the same.that表示同一个事物This is the same dictionary as I bought yesterday.这同我昨天买的那本词典一样。(不是同一本词典)This is the same dictionary t
12、hat I bought yesterday.这就是我昨天买的那本词典。(同一本词典),【即境活用】单项填空Mrs. Black took the police back to_ place_she witnessed the robbery.Athe same；that Bthe same；asCthe same；where Das the same；as解析考查定语从句。句意：布莱克女士带警察到那个她目击到强盗的地方。这个地方在定语从句中作地点状语。答案C,I have _book_you.Asame；as Bthe same；likeCthe same；with Dthe same；as
13、解析考查定语从句。句意：我和你有同样的书。the same.as意思“和一样”，故选D。答案D,3instructions n指示；嘱咐；命令(多用复数)；说明；通知(多用复数)；教育；讲授；训练(不可数)(教材原句)Every sentence should include some information about the sporting event or instructions people must follow.(P13)每个句子都应该包括一些关于运动项目或人们必须遵守的指示的信息。【句法分析】这是一个复合句。主语为every sentence；谓语是include；在宾语部分
14、中，从句people must follow作定语省略关系代词，修饰先行词the sporting event or instructions。,【用法归纳】instruct v指示；命令instruct sb to do sth命令某人做某事instruct that.指示instructor n教练instructive adj.增长知识的He gave us instructions to finish this as soon as possible.他指示我们尽快完成这件事情。,【辨析】instruction, explanation, description，introductio
15、n,4.include(教材原句)Every sentence should include some information about the sporting event or instructions people must follow.(P13)每个句子都应该包括一些关于运动项目或人们必须遵守的指示的信息。【用法归纳】vt. 包含，包括The farm includes 150 acres.这个农场有150英亩。,including perp.后接名词或代词作宾语There are 10 people including you.包括你有10个人。included adj.没有比较
16、级和最高级，常放在名词或代词后。I have five books, a story book included.我有五本书，一本故事书包括其中。,【辨析】include和contain,【一言辨异】I know water contains hydrogen and oxygen, but you dont know how much you drink a day including your family.我知道水中含有氢气和氧气，但我不知道你和你的家人一天饮用多少。,【即境活用】单项填空Any help from you will be greatly appreciated. Ple
17、ase give me a reply at your earliest_.Ainterruption BinstructionCconsideration Dconvenience解析考查名词。句意：来自于你的任何帮助都会极大地得到感谢，请在你方便时给我答复。此处at your earliest convenience意为“在你方便时”，从语境可知答案。答案D,Always read the_on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.Aexplanations BinstructionsCwords Dintr
18、oductions解析考查名词用法。句意：一定要仔细阅读瓶子上的说明，要吃正确数量的药。instructions“说明书”；explanations“解释”；words“字”；introductions“介绍”。答案B,Our textbook _twelve units.Aincludes Bcontains Cholds Dgets解析考查动词。句意：我们的教科书包括12个单元。根据语境此处包含的宾语为整体概念，故推知答案。答案B,1基本结构肯定句：shall/will be done(shall 用于第一人称；will用于各种人称)否定句：shall/will not be done(可
19、缩写成shant或wont) 疑问句：疑问句需将shall/will提到主语的前面。(回答用yes或no)考点警示：特殊疑问句形式用：疑问词 shall/will S be done。,2其他结构be going to be doneThe problem isnt going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.这个问题将不在明天的会议上被讨论。be to be doneAre new books written by Mo Yan to be published next week?No, they arent.莫言写的新书将在下周出版吗？不，不
20、是。,be about to be doneThese difficulties are about to be overcome.这些困难即将被克服。3常见用法一般将来时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样，强调表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动性动作。A lot of athletes that won the medals in the 2012 London Olympic Games will be invited to Beijing.好多在伦敦奥林匹克运动会上获奖牌的运动员将被邀请到北京来。,在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。If I am gi
21、ven enough time, I will go to Hong Kong for my holiday.如果我有足够的时间，我将去香港度假。表示有固定性条件就有规律性被动结果。Heated to 100 ， water will be turned into steam.加热到100度时，水将会变成蒸气。4注意问题短语动词变为被动时不能漏掉介词和副词,The orphan will be taken good care of by the old couple.这个孤儿会得到这对老夫妇的良好照顾。含有情态动词的被动结构为：情态动词be过去分词The task must be finish
22、ed ahead of time.任务必须提前完成。含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，如果将其中的间接宾语变为被动句的主语，直接宾语保留不变，反之亦然。He will tell me a funny story.他要告诉我一个滑稽故事。I will be told a funny story.A funny story will be told to me.,考点警示如果把直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加介词to或for。不能变为被动语态的情况不及物动词没有被动语态， rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie, disappear, last等。After the
23、fire, nothing remained.那场大火之后，什么也没留下来了。不及物动词短语没有被动语态， take place, break out, belong to等。 Great changes have taken place here since 1990.自1990年以来这里发生了巨大的变化,有的及物动词也没有被动语态，如cost, leave, enter, reach, suit, have, wish, hold, own, lack, fit, resemble, jump, mind等。She entered the room just now.她刚才进过房间。有些及
24、物的短语动词也没有被动语态，如agree with, arrive at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, walk into, belong to等。 I dont agree with him.我不同意他的看法。宾语是反身代词、相互代词、同源宾语、不定式、ving形式及抽象名词等，都不能变为被动句子的主语。 I taught myself French.我自学法语。,【典例剖析】典例1In the near future, more advances in the robot technology_by sc
25、ientists.Aare making Bare made Cwill make Dwill be made解析考查动词的时态和语态。句意：在不久的将来，科学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进展。in the near future表明了将来的时间，more advances与 make逻辑关系上存在着被动，故选D。答案D,典例2Have you finished your fashion design?Not yet. Ill finish it if I_ten more minutes.Aam given BgiveCwill give Dwill be given解析动词时态语态。句意
26、：你已经完成了时装设计了吗？还没有。如果再给我10分钟的话我就会完成。在状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。根据题中的语境可以判断，此处应该用被动形式。答案A,典例3Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I_on Friday.Aget paid Bgot paid Chave paid Dhad been paid解析考查动词时态和语态。句意：妈妈，我想知道你是否能借给我几美元到周五我会发工资。在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，且I与pay之间是动宾关系，所以选A。答案A,典例4Money_with the
27、help of the parents.Awill be made good use Bwill be made good use of Cbe made good use Dbe made good use of解析考查动词语态。句意：钱在父母的帮助下会得到很好的利用。make good use of意思为“充分利用”，此处介词不能省略。答案B,典例5You look well.The air and sea food in Sanya must_you, I suppose.Aagree with Bagree on Cagree about Dagree to解析考查动词短语。句意：你看
28、上去很好。我认为三亚的空气和海产品很适合你。agree with为“与协调；适合”； agree on意思为“达成协议；意见一致”；agree to后跟“意见；看法或观点”等意义的词语。短语agree with协调意思，没有被动。答案A,解题指导：一般将来时的被动语态的做题要抓住“三”步：将来时态的判断；被动语态的判断；特殊句式的被动语态处理。知能精练. 完成句子1Its said that the film_(show)next week. 2Wait a moment, my car_(send)to be repaired.3The new type of computer _(make
29、)in a week.4If you want to sell well, your goods_(advertise)soon on TV.5Milk was about to_(give)to her when she cried.,答案1.will be shown2will be sent 3will be made4will be advertised5be given,.单项填空1The message is very important, so it is supposed _ as soon as possible.Ato be sent Bto sendCbeing sent
30、 Dsending解析考查动词语态。句意：消息非常重要，所以应该立刻被“送”。消息与动词“送”为动宾关系，应该用被动，be supposed to do应该做，不定式表示将来，用被动。答案A,2Why dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it_.Ahas repaired Bis repairedCis being repaired Dwill be repaired解析考查时态和语态。句意：为节省时间为什么不选择那条路？通往那条路的桥在修。根据语境可知不走另一条路的原因是因为桥正在被修。所以用现在进行时的被动形式。 答案C
31、,3Hundreds of jobs_if the factory closes. Alose Bwill be lostCare lost Dwill lose解析考查动词语态。句意：如果工厂倒闭，那么将失去数百个工作岗位。lose a job意为“失业”。工作将被失去，要用将来时态的被动语态，因此排除答案A、C和D。答案B,4It is said that a new robot _by him in a few days. Adesigned Bhas been designed Cwill be designed Dwill have been designed解析考查动词时态和语态。
32、句意：据说新机器人他几天后就设计出来。由in a few days确定将来时，联系robot与动词design可知逻辑上的动宾。答案C,5A great number of reporters _there to report the important conference to be held next month.Ais invited Bare invitedCwill be inviting Dwill be invited解析考查动词时态和语态。句意：许多记者将被邀请到那里报道下个月要举行的重要会议。根据此处时间状语next month可知将来；联系主语与动词invite的关系可知
33、答案。答案D,6The computer design problem_this afternoon.Awill discussBis going to be discussedCis going to discussDhas been discussing解析考查动词时态和语态。句意：今天下午将要讨论电脑设计问题。由this afternoon可知将来，主语与讨论的关系为动宾关系故推知用被动。答案B,7The words _if you do not go over them for several days.Awill forget BforgottenCwill be forgotten
34、 Dwere forgotten解析考查动词时态和语态。句意：如果你几天不复习单词就会忘记。语境为将来；the words与forget为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动。答案C,8When the factory_， there will be many new jobs for graduates.Awill be built Bhas builtCis built Dwill have been built解析考查动词时态和语态。句意：工厂建起时，将会给毕业生带来许多的新工作。根据主句用将来，从句用一般时代替将来时的特点联系工厂与建造的关系，确定答案。答案C,9I will visit you
35、 at 10：00 tomorrow.Im sorry, but I _ my other guests in the office.Ais being met Bcan meetCwill be met Dwill be meeting解析考查动词时态和语态。句意：我明天十点去拜访你。抱歉，那时我要在办公室会见其他客人。从tomorrow可知将来，从语境那个时间用将来进行时。答案D,10Is the new modern gym being built in our city now?Yes, and it_ next year.Ahas been finished BfinishesCwill be finished Dwill finish解析考查动词时态和语态。句意：现在要在我们城市建新体育馆吗？是的，明年会建。根据next year确定将来时，联系体育馆与建造的逻辑动宾关系推知答案。答案C,
