1、Unit 3 Amazing people （讲练）教学设计一、过去完成时的形式及用法过去完成时的形式为 had done。其用法如下：1.过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”，可图示为：I11H过去完成过去现在制求这个过去的某一时间可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可通过上下文来表示。到六点钟为止他们已经工作八小时了。By six oclock they had worked for eight hours.在他们到达之前电影已经开始了。Before they
2、arrived here, the film had already started.我到广州时，他在那里已经很长时间了。When I came to Guangzhou, he had been there for a long time.注意：在before, after, as soon as等引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间先后，所以可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。Many people left for home before the film ended.电影尚未放完，许多人就起身回家了。【高考典例】（2014 d匕京卷）I found the lecture hard
3、to follow because it when I arrived.A. started D. had startedC. would startB. was starting D 答案句意：我发现这个讲座很难跟上趟，因为我到的时候，它就开始了，根据句意可解析 ,而报告是在这之前发arrived知这个报告是在我到达之前就开始的，而句中我到达使用了正确生的，所以使用过去完成时故D构常和一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态表示由过去的某一时刻开始2.,for, since成的时间状语连用分钟。20我在车站已等了 ，当公交车来的时候.I had waited at the bus stop for
4、 20 minutes when a bus finally came.他说自从1979年以来他就在那家工厂工作。He said he had worked in that factory since 1979.二、常使用过去完成时的情况1 .在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.我对动词一无所知 ,因为我没有好好学习功课。I didnt know a thing about the verbs
5、, for I had not studied my lesson.【高考典例】（2014 浙江卷 ）Sofia looked around at all the faces: She had the impression that she most of the guests before.A. has seenB. had seenC. sawD. would see 答案 B解析 句意： 索菲亚看了看周围所有的面孔， 她印象中大部分客人她以前都是见过的。 根据句意 可知她见过这么多的客人是在她拥有这个印象之前发生的事情， 此处 see 的动作发生在过去的过 去，同时由题眼before 可
6、知，该空应该用过去完成时态故选 B 项2 .过去完成时用于宾语从句： 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作发生时,从句要用过去完成时。那位老人说她当过30 年的教师。The old woman said she had been a teacher for thirty years.【高考典例】（2011 江西卷 ）We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody into theoffice during the night.A. broke wasD.C. has broken B. had broken
7、breakingB答案 found 空格处的动作发生在结果发现有人晚上来过办公室， 早晨我们来上班， 句意： 解析之前，故用过去完成时选 B3.在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去完成时。我已归还了我借的书。I returned the book that I had borrowed.她丢失的钥匙找到了。She found the key that she had lost.【高考典例】（2014 陕西卷 ）During his stay in Xian, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends
8、A. would recommendB. had recommendedD. were recommendingC. have recommendedB答案在西安期间，他尝试了他朋友向他推荐的几乎所有的事物。根据句意解析句意： jerry，所以推荐使可知他的朋友们向他推荐食物是在他尝试的食物之前，句中已经使用了 tried 项正确故 B 用过去完成时等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、动词 think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend4. 希望、打算或意图等。 我本来要去机场接你的 ,可正好在我出门时有人来看我。 I had intended to meet
9、you at the airport, but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.但你没问我。我本打算借给你一些钱的 ,I had wanted to lend you some money, but you didnt ask.5.过去完成时常用于下列固定句式。他刚和no sooner .than .句型中主句要用过去完成时。 ,hardly/scarcely .when .(1) 用在 听众就打断了他。,开始演讲Hardly had he begun to speakwhen the audience interru
10、pted him.他刚到就又走了。 No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.从句要用过去完成时。 ,that 句型中 third .) time that . ” , “ It was the first (second 在 (2) 这是他第一次到中国来。It was the first time that he had come to China.三、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别1 .过去完成时表示动作发生在“过去的过去” ；而一般过去时表示动作发生在“过去” 。他忽然想起来他没锁门。He suddenly remembered th
11、at he hadnt locked the door.【高考典例】(2014 福建卷) Havent seen you for ages ！ Where have you been ？ I went to Ningxia andthere for one year, teaching as a volunteer.A. stayed amD.C. had stayed B. staystayingA答案我去了宁夏，并在那里很久没有看见你了！你到哪里去了？ 解析 句意：没有强调过待了一年时间， 作为志愿者在那里教书。 本句只是叙述我过去在宁夏待了一年， 所以不需要使用而且也没有持续到现在，因为
12、我已经回来了，去发生的事情对现在的影响， A 完成时，使用一般过去时陈述事实即可故正确叙述几个连续的动作用法不同。 2. 用一般过去时。在叙述两个或两个以上接连发生的动作(1),并按时间顺序叙述时, 她天黑后不久动身,一小时后到家。She set out soon after dark and arrivedhome one hour later.但丢了。 ,我买了一部收音机I bought a radio but lost it.为明确动作发生的先后,如果两个先后发生的动作不是按时间的顺序排列或叙述时(2) 顺序 ,先发生的动作用过去完成时。,农民们兴高采烈因为他们又有了一次好收成。The
13、farmers were inhigh spirits because they had got another good harvest.四、现在完成时与过去完成时的区别但侧重对现在产生的结果或造现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去 ,以现在的时间为基点 ,它所表示的动作,以过去时间为基点,过去完成时则是一个相对的时态与现在有关；,成的影响不仅发生在过去,更强调“过去的过去”。比较：I have learned 1000 English words so far.到目前为止我已经学会了1 000 个英语单词。I had learned 1000 English words till then.到那
14、时为止我已经学会了1 000 个英语单词。 Im sorry to keep you waiting.对不起,让你久等了。 Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.没什么,我只等了几分钟。(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在结束)随堂练习单项填空1 . How do you find the end of the film last night ？ I dont find it surprising. Because I the novel of the same name before I saw thefilm.A. re
15、ad wasD.C. had read B. have readreadingC答案“我并不觉得这个结局 句意： “你觉得昨天晚上看的那部电影的结局怎么样？” 解析” 看 小说的动作发生在看电影的动作之令人吃惊，因为我在看电影之前已经看了同名小说。 前，故此处应用过去完成时态2. I to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldnt get away.D. would planA. was planning C. had planned B. plannedC答案（过去）本打算可知应用 calledhad planned to do sth
16、表示“句意：由后一分句的解析做某事” ， C 项符合题意3. He kept looking at her, wondering whether he her somewhere.D. had seenA. saw C. sees B. has seenD答案解析 句意：他一直看着她，想知道他是否在哪里见过她。 “一直看她”发生在过去， “见过她”发生在“看她”这一动作之前，所以用过去完成时4. You your turn so youll have to wait.A. will miss D. had missedC. are missing B. have missedB答案）对现在产生
17、解析句意：你已经错过了机会，所以你只能等。过去发生的动作（ miss 了影响，故用现在完成时I met Tom last month. 5. Really ？ Yes. We each other since we graduated fromcollege. didnt D.C. wouldnt meet B. hadnt met A. havent met meetB答案 解析语境是指从大学毕业到上个月，他们是第一次见面，所以用过去完成时态6. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She befo
18、re.flyingwasnt D. C. hadnt flown A. hasnt flownB. didnt flyC解析 这答案“没坐过飞机”句意：在飞机上，坐在我旁边的女孩很紧张，以前她没坐过飞机。一动作发生在“ was very nervous ”之前，因此用过去完成时7. My mother asked me to fetch the books we from the bookstore.D. had orderedC. ordered A. were ordered B. had orderedB答案 解析之前，故用过去完成时asked 订购书的动作发生在8. He the Lo
19、uvre Museum regularly when he was in Paris.A. was visiting B. visited C. has visited D. had visitedB答案解析 根据“ when he was in Paris ”可知， visit 的动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时态9. That dinner was the most expensive meal we .A. would have everhad D. C. had B. have hadhadD 答案定语从句的先行词由最高级修饰时，定语从句的时态用完成时，由于主句的时态解析是一般过去时， 所以此处用过去完成时10. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests _when he at the party.D. hadhad arrived ； C. had left A. left ； had arrived arrived ； B. leftarrivedleft ； D答案发生在说话解析说话者到宴会用一般过去时表示过去的动作哦； “大部分客人走了”者到宴会之前，所以第一个空要用过去完成时
