1、M5 U1 Grammar 导学案(一) (不定式)预习案一 列举一些加不定式的动词agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish二用不定式翻译下列句子。1. 学好英语是重要的。 主2. 我认为找到一个真正的朋友是很难的。宾3. 他答应不告述任何人这事。宾He promised not to tell anyone about it.4. 我的工作是教英语。表My job is to t
2、each English.5. 你有什么要说的吗? 定Do you have anything to say?6. Betty是第一个知道这真相的人。定Betty was the first to know the truth7. 他起得早是为了赶上第一班公交车。状He got up early to catch the first bus.8. 请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。宾补Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you.探究案探究点一：不定式句法功能1.不定式作主语常见句型：1).It is easy to work out the
3、problem.a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult) + 不定式It is his duty to teach them how to study.) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, ones duty, a shame) + 不定式It is a pity not to win this gameIts a pleasure to work with you.It takes two days to finish the work.It requires patience to be a good teach
4、er. It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience) + 不定式2.不定式做宾语可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，如agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish要想拒绝忘记，需要努力学习，喜欢同意帮助，设法安排计划，希望决定开始Want refuse forget , need try learn
5、, like agree help, manage arrange plan, hope /wish /expect decide/determine begin3.不定式做宾补(常用谓语动词有: 等。)4.不定式做定语She was the only person to survive after the earthquake.Hes always the first to come and the last to leave. She has a meeting to attend. 5.不定式做状语表示目的、结果、原因、条件等。To survive 2005年辽宁卷22题：All the
6、se gifts must be mailedimmediately _ in time for Christmas.A. in order to have received B. in order to receive C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving探究点一：不定式的省略1.用括号中的词的适当形式填空。 1).I heard them sing a pop song .2).The teacher made me answer the question.3).We watched them play football .4).
7、While watching television, _. cA. The doorbell rangB. The doorbell ringsC. We heard the doorbell ringD. We heard the doorbell rings5).If anyone happens to drop in while Im out, _ him or her leave a message. AA. have B. get C. ask D.tell小结：有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listen to（二听）make, have, let（三让）
8、 see, watch, notice, observe（四看）.注意：但是句子变成被动语态后, 不定式成为句子的主语补足语,需带to.She was made to work long time by the boss.2.A:Would you like to come to my party?B: Yes , Id love to ( come to your party).Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike).小结：作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定
9、式常常省去to 后面的动词，只保留to 。3.用括号中的词的适当形式填空。.We had no choice but to wait.We can do nothing but wait.Now the only thing we can do is wait.小结：句中有实义动词do时，to可以省略。探究点二：动词不定式的时态一一般式( to do ). 不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。1. I opened the door to enter the room. .进行式( to be doing) 用来表示谓语动词动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行。1
10、. I am very glad to be working with you.Some students pretended to be reading English when the teacher came in.完成式（to have done) 用来表示动作发生在谓语动作之前1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long - Is Bob still performing? A - Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official. A.
11、 to have left B. to leave C. to have been D. to be left探究点三：不定式的被动式不定式的被动式分为一般式被动to be V-ed和完成式被动to have been V-ed1）。2006年四川卷No.26The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _ in Beijing in 2008.A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held2）。The book is said to have been translated into many languag
12、es.3）。. He claimed _in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.（上海98）A. being badly treated B.treating badlyC. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated.巩固练习：1.Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music. DA . making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself
13、heard. D. to make herself heard.2. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _the film stars had left. BA. to tell B. to the told C. telling D. told3. The teacher asked us _so much noise. DA. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make4. The meeting_ next week is sure to be a great succ
14、ess. AA. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place5. As a result of my laziness I failed _my work in time. BA. and finished B. to finish C. and finishing D. To finished6. I am sorry _written you a letter at the time. CA. to have not B. to not have C. not to have
15、D. not having7. Will you lend him a magazine _ CA. to be read B. for reading C. to read D. he read8. He could do nothing but _for the bus _ AA. wait, to come B. wait, come C. waiting; coming D. waited; came9. It is a problem that doesnt need _right now. BA. to solve B. solving C. being solved D. to
16、be solving10. I remember _him_ the bike needed _. C .A. hearing. saying; to repair B. to hear; say; to repairC. hearing; say; repairing D. no hear; saying; to be repaired11. Robert is said to _ abroad , but I dont know what country he studied in. AA. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D.
17、to have been studying.12. Im gong to Xian next week, Have you anything_ to your parents? BA. to take B. to be taken. C. to be bought to D. to buy汉译英1. 我有一个重要的会议要参加。2我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案I happen to know the answer to your question.3.问题是怎样把它付诸实践。The question is how to put it into practice.4.他的工作是每天打扫房间。His w
18、ork is to clean the room every day.5.我走过的时候，她假装没看见。She pretended not to see me when I passed by.6.你需要有人帮你完成这个任务吗？Do you need someone to help you finish the task?7.据说这篇小说已经出版了。The novel was said to have been published.8. 恐怕我们别无选择，只好乘出租车了。Im afraid we have no choice but to take a taxi.动名词预习案一.列举一些加动名词
19、做宾语的动词enjoy, mind, finish, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, escape, pratise, suggest, keep(on), miss)stand, admit, dislike, imagine, delay, consider, mind, understand, avoid, enjoy, practise, miss, finish, keep, suggest, appreciate, escapedoing)二加动名词做宾语的短语be used to doing 习惯于做；look forward to doi
20、ng 盼望做；devote ones life to doing 致力于做；spent time (in) doing 花时间做；be fond of doing 喜爱做；be good at doing 擅长做；be proud of doing 为做而自豪； feel like doing 欲想做； go on doing 继续做（原来的事）；what about doing 做怎么样； be interested in doing 对做感兴趣；have some difficulty/trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难；be busy (in) doing 忙于做； in
21、sist on doing三.用动名词翻译下列句子。1.游泳对身体有好处。主2.他的爱好是打篮球。表 3.你介意把窗户打开吗？宾4.多么漂亮的游泳池！探究案探究点一：动名词的用法1.动名词作主语还有以下两个习惯表答法：It is no use (good) + 动名词：做某事没有用Eg. Its no use crying over spilt milk. (覆水难收)Its no good spitting in public.There is no + 动名词 (= It is impossible to do sth.)Eg. There is no knowing what may h
22、appen.（未来的事无法知道）2.有些动词（attempt, begin, continue, hate, like, love）后面既可以接不定式作宾语，也可以接动名词作宾语，意义差别不大。通常认为用动名词泛指一般的倾向性，用不定式则表示特定或具体某一种动作。Eg. I like swimming but I dont like to swim in winter.注意：有些动词后加不定式，动名词意义有明显的差别。forget to do 忘记要做forget doing 忘记做过remember to do remember doing regret to do 遗憾（要）做regret
23、 doing后悔做了stop to do 停下某事做另外的事stop doing 停止做某事mean to do 打算做mean doing意味着做try to do 努力做try doing 尝试做go on to do go on doingwant/need/require to do 想、要做want/need/require doing需要被做2.动名词的复合结构eg. my coming Your somking too much will do harm to your health. Would you mind my/me coming late?他因迟到向我道歉。Do yo
24、u mind my smoking here?Eg. 2005年北京卷No.30 When asked by police, he said that he remembered _ at he party, but not _. A. to arrive, leaving B. to arrive, to leave C. arriving, leaving D. arriving, to leave探究点二：动名词的完成式、一般式被动和完成式被动。Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _
25、jokes.A. turning up B. putting up C. making up D. showing up3. 动名词的完成式(having done)、一般式被动(being done)和完成式被动(having been done)。Eg. After having finish his work, he went home. He attended the meeting without being asked. She never told me about her having been interviewed by the police.I cant stand _
26、with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _ talking while she works. C A. working; stoppingB. to work; stopping C. working; to stopD. to work; to stopHe got well-prepared for the job interview, for he could not risk _ the good opportunity. B A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost3. -
27、What do you expect me to? B - The house needs _. A. painted B. painting C. being painted D. to paintThough the little boy didnt admit, he B was caught _ in the shop. A. to steal B. stealing C. steal D. stole5. When I returned, mother happened _ in the kitchen. A. to be cooking A B. to cook C. to have cooked D. to be cooked
