1、1期末考复习【重点语法】一、被动语态1. 被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词 (如果是不用物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词) 2. 被动语态中的 be 是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。 一般现在时被动语态为： 一般过去时被动语态为： 一般将来时的被动语态： 现在完成时的被动语态： 与情态动词连用的被动语态： 3. 被动语态中作的发出者或执行者做介词 by 的宾语，放在句 末，by 表示“由，被”的意思( ) 1. Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949.A. found B. was founded C. is founded
2、D. was found( ) 2. English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 3 This English song _ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C.is often sang D.is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car_ in Japan. A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 Computers _ all o
3、ver the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 6 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 7 -Id like to buy that coat.-Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold( )8 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is build
4、ing B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 9 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 10 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need二、定语从句1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫_.被修饰的词叫_. 定语从句放在先行词的_面。 引
5、导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。2.关系代词 在从句中的作用 指人或物 that 作主语或宾语 指人或物 which 作主语或宾语 指物或人（可与 that 互换） who 作主语 指人 （可与 that 互换）whom 作宾语 指人 2whose 是 who 的所有格，作后面名词的定语 指人或物 3.当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词的单复数决定。 4. 定语从句的关系代词只能用 that 而不用 which 的几种情况： (1)当先行词是 anything，everything，nothing (something 除外), few,
6、 all, none, little, some 等不定代词，或由 every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时。如： (2)当先行词被序数词修饰时。如： (3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： (4)当名词被 the very, the only, the same, the last 等修饰时。如： (5)当先行词前面有 who, which 等疑问代词时。如： (6)当先行词既有人，又有物时。( )1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. w
7、hom D. this ( )2. The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. who D. /( )3. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary. A. that B. whose C. which D. as ( )4. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. which C. who D. whom ( )5. Is this factory _
8、a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. that C. which D. / ( )6. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. which B. that C. / D. it ( )7. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. which B. in which C. that D. all ( )8. _ cleans the
9、blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who ( )9. Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday. A. which B. whom C. whose D. this ( )10. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year. A. who B. whom C. which D. that三、must, may, might, could, may,
10、 cant+动词原形 表示推测，程度不同must 一定 ,肯定 (100%的可能性)may, might, could 有可能, 也许 (20%80%的可能性)cant 不可能, 不会(可能性几乎为零)例：The dictionary be mine. It has my name on it. The CD belong to Tony, because he likes listening to pop music.The hair band be Bobs. After all, he is boy!【重点句型】1. What about doing sth ?例：What about
11、listening to tapes?2. by的用法3a. 介词 prep. （指交通等）乘；例：The man came by bus. 那人是坐公共汽车来的。 They went to Shanghai by plane. 他们坐飞机去上海。b. 表示做某事的方式、方法 结构：by+V-ingHow do you study for a test? I study by making word cards.3.Its +adj+ (for sb) to do sthIts too hard (for me) to understand spoken English.4. The more
12、 you read, the faster you ll be.5. find it + adj + to do sth 例：I find it easy to learn English.6. What do/does+sb. + think of sth. ?例：What does Wu Yu think of this festival?7.感叹句结构（P56） How+adj. /adv. + 主 + 谓！What (a/an)+名+ 主 + 谓！例：What an interesting story it is! How tall Yao Ming is!8.sb. suggest+
13、 从句( 虚拟语气：should+V )例：The clerk suggests they go to the museum.9.She is a sixteen-year-old girl.=She is sixteen years old.10.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）Mother allows me to watch TV every night. LiLy is allowed to go to America. 11.get their ears pierced 穿耳洞让/
14、使（别人）做某事 get sth. done(过去分词)have sth. doneI get my hair cut. = I have my hair cut. 12. enough 足够 形容词enough 如：beautiful enough 足够漂亮enough名词 如：enough food 足够食物enoughto 足够去做13.系动词用法：系动词+adj常用的系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept 等。连系动词除 be 和 become 等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。
15、例：They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired. The grass turns green.14.there be sb./ sth. doing 例：There is a cat eating fish.There must be something visiting our home.15.prefer 的用法【1】prefer A to B 、A 与 B 相比较,比较喜欢 A例:I prefer English to Chinese. I prefer fish to meat.【
16、2】prefer doing A to doing B,A 与 B 相比,比较喜欢做 A4例：I prefer swimming to running.【3】prefer to do A rather than do B，A 与 B 相比,比较喜欢做 A例：I preferred to stay behind rather than go with you.【4】词组 prefer not to do “不愿意做”16.（1）suppose：猜想;假设 suppose that 表示“猜测; 假设”，that 可省例：I suppose he is a student. （2）be suppo
17、sed to do sth 被期望做某事，应该做某事。相当于 should 和 ought to例：We are supposed to stop smoking. You are supposed to say hello to the foreigners. 【练习】You are supposed _ hands when you meet for the first time. A. to shake B. shake C. shaking D. shook 17.In Switzerland, its very important to be on time.分析：it 是形式主语，
18、不定式是真正的主语。例：To clean the blackboard is your job.Its your job to clean the blackboard. 18.the+序数词+最高级+N 第几（大/ 长/高）One of the/形容词性物主代词+Ns 谓语用三单例：He is now one of the best students in his classOne of my best friends is a doctor. One of his most expensive pens has been lost.The yellow river is the secon
19、d largest river in china.Mount Qomolangma is the first highest mountain around the world. 【重点短语辨析】1. used to do sth. 过去常常做 get/be used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于be used to do 被用于做（被动语态）be used by 由(被)使用（被动语态）be used as 被当做使用（被动语态）be used for doing 被用于做（被动语态）2. be made of 由 .制作/制造( 材料)：在成品中能看出原材料 be made
20、 from 由.制造/制成(材料)：在成品中看不出原材料be made in 在.制作/制造 ( 产地) Made in China.中国制造例：The desk is made of wood. Bread is made of flour. The paper is made from wood. Wine is made of grapes.This kind of plane is made in China.3. be famous for 以.闻名;为人知晓 be known for 因.而闻名be famous as 作为.而闻名 be known as 作为.而闻名例：Jing
21、dezhen is famous for china.China is famous for its tourism.Mo Yan is very famous as a writer4.invent; find; find out; discover invent“发明”，指通过劳动运用聪明才智“发明/ 创造”出以前从未存在过的新事物He invented a new teaching method5find“找到、发现” ，指找到或发现自己所需要的东西或丢失的东西，着重指找到的结果。I finally found my English book. find out 指经过研究或询问查明某事
22、或真相。Please find out when the ship sails for New York.discover“发现”，表示“ 偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、真理或错误，即指发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事物，也可表示发现已为人所知的事物的新的性质或用途。Columbus discovered America in1492【练习】aEdison the electric lampbI lost my necklace last nightI havent itcWho America first？dCan you what time the train leaves？5.
23、 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事 Please stop to speak.6.also 用于句中 I also like apples.either 用于否定句句末 I dont like apples, either.too 用于肯定句句末 I like apples, too.7. of +名词/代词/名词性短语because +从句【课堂练习】一、单选16. -Do you know how to plant trees?-Yes, _. A. the more, the bette
24、r B. more or less C. more and more D. so do I 17. Lets put up the map on the wall _ everyone can see it clearly.A. when B. because C. so that D. since18. Mr and Mrs. Green have _ in Beijing for a week.A. got B. reached C. been D. arrived19. She was never heard_ so well before.A. sing B. singing C. s
25、ang D. to sing20. The twins often know _. A. what the other is going to say B. that the other is going to sayC. what is the other going to say D. if the other is going to say21. Now computers work _ faster than the old ones.A. several millions times B. millions of timeC. millions of times D. million
26、 of times22. Have you ever seen _ man?A. such a tall B. such tall a C. so a tall D. a so tall23. He answered me, but he spoke _ quickly _clearlyA. either; or B. both; and C. neither; nor D. nor; neither24. There will not be enough space even to stand_ the earth.A. in on B. in C. on D. over25. The po
27、pulation of China is much larger than_ Japan. 6A. / B. it in C. those in D. that of26. He said he _ to the party.A. will go B. is coming C. would come D. has been27. When the rubbish collector saw the couple, they _ hands down the lane.A. are holding B. were holding C. held D.hold28. The police offi
28、ce finished reading the report _. A. interested B. interesting C. in interest D. with interest29. Many residents of that area _ snake bites every year.A. die from B. die in C. die for D. die of30. The teacher must be _.A. listening to B. listened to carefully C. listened carefully D. listen31. The m
29、achine _ is good. Only the price is a little bit high.A. itself B. that C. it D. this32. Lets make some_ for this old lady.A. place B. room C. space D. seat33. _ which channel can we find our favourite programme?A. On B. In C. By D. For34. -_? I didnt hear you.-I said you could take this seat.A. Hel
30、lo B. Can I help you C. Pardon D. Sorry35. We have _ students this year than last year.A. many B. a lot more C. much D. any more二、完型填空Why School May Frighten a Young ChildSchools may be frightening to young children. They are 36 in their school. Before that they stayed at home. At home children may
31、have been able to do 37 they wanted when they wanted to do it. But in school they are 38 time for talking, working and eating. At home children are scolded（责备） in private（私下）, but in school children will be scolded in front of their 39 . “Bob,” the teacher may say, “Why are you the only one in class
32、 who 40 do your yesterdays homework?” Or, “David, why are you the only one who cant work quietly at your 41 ?” In school the children may not be noticed very much by the teacher or the teacher is too busy to 42 him or her. But at home the parents will treat their son or daughter 43 . For these and o
33、ther reasons(原因), it is not 44 that children may not like to stay at school.Though it is much 45 in school, the children can learn a lot. They cant learn so much out of school.36. A. happy B. new C. angry D. old37. A. what B. that C. 不填 D. why38. A. had B. given C. spent D. got39. A. teacher B. clas
34、smates C. brothers and sisters D. parents40. A. havent B. wont C. hadnt D. didnt41. A. home B. desk C. school D. room42. A. teach B. look at C. take care of D. scold743. A. carefully B. angrily C. carelessly D. happily44. A. interesting B. good-looking C. sleeping D. surprising45. A. happier B. better C. stricter D. worse三、情景交际1、 你想知道别人是不是通过大声朗读来学英语的，你会这样问：2、 你的朋友数学学得不好，你给他提出这样的建议：Why 3、 你想知道西方国家是怎样庆祝圣诞节的，你问：4、 你想告诉父母你喜欢能伴舞的音乐，你这样说：5、 你想告诉别人你过去怕黑，你会这样说：6、 你想告诉朋友 16 岁的孩子不应该被允许开车，你这样说。
