分子的对称性习题解答.pdf

1、 =S 104s0 c1 M Ba T 1. TV B T A T TVb T T - Mb 2. T H B TB bs0b 3. bW T H MF bW b 8b 4. T H“ b 1Q TQ T HBbQ TMQ_L O Mb 2 T T HBHL LbB n Q n b 1nC T I H 2/n b 3Q T T HB b Q TM 6B L T “b 2 E“ i A AE EA A= = 3 I e I A I1A11AA A A E= 4 p“ i ()()ABC ABC= s0 |s0 T5 l = E 5Bs0 T ls0 b as0 s | 1. Ls0 Ls0PvC

2、PhD2. Q Qv 3 1QK!Q n 2= Cuh Duhb 3 Cuh A. nhC B c nvC nC 4 Duh A. nhD B c O s= ndD nD 3. Q 1KQ 3 4 Tuh A = hT B d dT T 2KQ 4 3 Ouh hO O 3KQ 5 6 I uh hI I 4 12hs hiCCCC= =S 3as0s0 1. s0 s0 Z_ ? b s0 s0 = s0 bs0 ,TOIuhs0 b s0 V A“ o O b 2. s0 m;s0 ? s0 ms0b ms0 ;b =S 4c5s 4.1HCN CS2 Ls0s0 b HCNLs0Ps0

3、L Cc v ; CS2Ls0Ps0 L Cc v ;C 0 iV C 0 v b 4.6 TV U a 2( )zxyCi = b 2( ) 2( ) 2( )xy zCC C= c 2( )yz xz zC = a ZE 4 U MsYM 12( )100010001zC=10 001 000 1xyC=10 001000 1i=100100 10 0010010 010001001 00 1 = 2( )zxyCi = TT () ()1122xyzzx xxCyCyyzzz = x xiy yzz = ()12 xyzCi =w2() 2()nnn z xy xy n zCCi= B

4、QB FA Cb b ZE =S 512( )10 001000 1xC=12( )10 001000 1yC=12( )100010001zC=10 0 100 100010010 0 1000 100 1 0 01= 2( ) 2( ) 2( )xy zCC C = TT 11 12( ) 2( ) 2( )xy xx xxCC y C y yzzz = 12( )zx xCy yzz = s0i M C25 AC C2 C2bw2/2n F ACB C2nC nC OV =A n C2 b7 VwBnC C2 FnC = n C2M # C2/2nb c ZE 100010001yz=1

5、00010001xz=12( )100010001zC=100 1 0 0 1 0 00100 10 0 10001001 0 01 = 12( )yz xz zC = TT yz xz yzx xxyyyzzz = ()12 zx xCy yzz = 12( )yz xz zC = M F VB C2N C2 =S 6 Lbw7 M O2/2n5 LAB n Qb nC YV F V n M # 2/2nb 4.8/ s0 B HCN SO3 o f a 33HC O CH b 32HC CH=CH c IF5d S8 e 22ClH C CH Cl T fNBrgClNO2CH3 s0 H

6、“+Y 9 |i CH3AT ovb %|s0| ; f V / s0 ; OCH3CH32vC 2C 2C C uh c =S 10HHHCH3sC B IFFFFF4vC 4C 2C C uh c SSSSSSSS4dD 4C 2C D uh c O s2C ClH HClHH2hC 2C 2C C uh c NBrHHHHsC B CH3NO2Cl1C 1C T 4.2 H3CCls0 b C-Clo 3,C H-C-Cl (3)v 4.3 3S Q3I Tb =S 11G S3 T 1133hSC=2233SC=33 hS =4133SC=5233hSC=63SE=G Q3I T 11

7、33I iC=2233I C=33I i=4133I C=5233I iC=63I E=4.4 4S Q4I Tb G S4 T 1121334444244, ,hhSCSCSCSE= = =G 4I T 1121334444244, ,I iC I C I iC I E=4.5xz YVi x2C T12C V Ub 100010001xz= ()1210 001000 1xC=4.7 ClHC=CHCl(Q Ts0 T# EVb Q T ClHC=CHCls0 T 12,hE Ci T E 2hCE 12ChiE E 12Chi12C12CE ih =S 12hhiE 12Ciih12CE

8、 4.9 / b aOLs0B C bJs0 cs0KQ (n) :|nM 3hC KQ3C ds0 SsY I$ O nC nvC s0 7 s0 b11vhsCCC= = y7 C 9 nvC b O Qs0B ;7 Qs05 V ?C;b o V ?p=3cl s0 ; H yhN 2 L b Q T B T bBQ=Q 4mQQ byN s0 ; VBs0 4mQQb s0 1i B;7 s0 V ?;b =S 164.14Tm Ni(en)(NH3)2Cl V ?s8# ;b nm 4.14 m 4.14 4.17 h V 4.4.3 4 TM s01s I $ C2H2s0 C 0

9、 sp EsY 6B C 0 spE H0 1sE o C0xpEMx oyp EMy os0LhD y7 0b7 H2O2s0 O03sp E 9 B p EsY 6B O 03sp EH0 1sE C96 52nullo OH osVo OOLa93 51null =s0 w n 4.155sm 2C y7 b C2H4s0 C02sp EsY 6B C02sp E# H0 1sE 3o C0 =S 17: p EMos0 2hD ooC C H 121.3 , H C H 1117.4= = b N2H4s0; 05 + ; V ? NNHHHH9 V ? Q T NNHHHH T NN

10、HHHH2vC n 4.155f TQ TW 2C b Q T C2H2Cl2 T C2H2Cl2 TMs0 =o f M b - 2hC 2C byN - 0 0b NNs0 0 V N02sp E C0os0 2hC b SSs0 0V S 0 r1 # Cl 0 CH3W bWEr1b Y L vCv60nullb 4.19 s0 306.18 10 C m 7 F2O300.9 10 C m o k I F2O 11 H2Olb H2Os0 F2O ( 2vC b -o 104.5oo 103.2ob O H p( 1.24) = v O F p( 0.54)= y7o OHvo OF

11、b0s0 o O H2Os0 F2Os0 VsYVr 2oHO O H104.52cos2= =S 192oFO O F103.22cos2=y s0o7OHvOF H2Os0 F2Os0 1 F2Os0 vbV s0 Z_MQ m 4.19 Ub OHHOFF2HO2HOm 4.19 4.20Js0# / U kSs0 0I| BBS s0 a;b (1) CH4(2) CH3F (3) CH2F2(4) CH2FCl (5) CHFCl2(6) CHFClBr s0I| ;1 12 13 14 23 24 24dT 2 41 42 43 3vC Cl BrFCl Cl F Cl F FFF

12、1 2 3 4 =S 203 12 34 2vC 4 34 sC 5 14 sC 6 1C 4.21 8 3243Fe(C O ) ts8$ I $;f $ 3243Fe(C O ) / s8 8 ; 3D m 4.20 Ub m 4.20 3243Fe(C O ) Tim 4.22 V 4.4.5 1o| p CH3COOH s0 :| R b LZ | q1.3718n= 31.046g cm L 9 R Li1 b :| q Qs0 q 1 0 qvl b | Es0 Hlb ;T/|; q n Lorenz-LorentzZ ()()2212nMRnd=+ V ps0 :| b ; V

13、n;,; ) DLb :| q Fb Bs0 :| s0 =S 21o :| b N Vo :| 9 s0 :| b|NE9 YV n d Lorenz-LorentzZ9 L1 Mb V |Z s0 o :| FZ s0 :| CH CC C=O CO OH31313(3 1.67 _1.296 3.32 1.54 1.80)cm mol12.98cm molRRRRRR =+= + + + =9| n d L Lorenz-Lorentz ZZ s0 :| 213123(1.3718 1) 60.05g mol13.04cm mol(1.3718 2) 1.046g cmR =+ LTV

14、9 Ldb 4.232vC M M 4 Ts b 4U iB TS I T1S B 12C M M 11 122SCS C= 512C 1B b B T TW VM ToEp b | B T X 6B T SM T Y 1YSXS=5 Y X b X T XVB)B )b)Q QBy0b T S X SX XS=5 S X T Tb TB ?sY PM b Q T C2H2Cl2h 12C V P2C h b B T 5“ b V =S 22 B A V2vC ,2hC 2D 1 b B TA1B) bB V / ! X B T S X B T SX XS=| T HP1S 1X SXS= X

15、 SM T Xb X1B b 2vC 4 4 T E,12( )zC ,xz ,yx b12( )zC B T xz 12( )zC M M () () ()11 1 1 1222xz xz xz xzzzzCCC= ()1112100 100100010 0 10010001 0 01001xz xzxC = ()12100 100 100010010 0 10001001 0 01zC = = = y1 =# V|BV U 1 12( )zC 1B b 3 T91Bb 2vC 4 Ts 4 b 4.243vC M M 6 Ts b 3vC 6 EV / 3C E 13C23CabcE E

16、13C23Cabc =S 2313C13C23CE cab23C23CE 13CbcaaabcE 13C23Cbbca23CE 13Cccab13C23CE Mm “V Um 4.23b xyabcm 4.23 1 EV V 11aaaEEE =11aaa a aE = Q T I TM 1113112311 133322 2333bab b ccac c babcacbCCCCCCCC = 5 V ,abc M T a VB b g Vb B Tb M c B Tc M M TMb (2) EV 11 11 1 111 12 133333333212 2 1 11 1 2333 3 3 3

17、311 1 2 11 1 2,aaacbbba cccbE CE E C C C CC C C CCCC CE C C C = = = = =S 24 1M 13C 23C B b23C B 23C M MTMb 3 1X EX E= T1B b 8 3vC 6 Ts 3 Q TB T9B T1B b 4.25 k b il ; ) u u; #o u; bY ; -7T; b s0BHq/ 3; 5 s0 b s0 G 45 pb 8 d0s0 0, 0J= 3 -; b0s0 1, 2, 3 = null 1J = 3 -; b 0s0 BZ TB+ qid q ? 3 lV7; b ys0; s0 a ? bW %b V %V M d0ab 3; b Mv l Ml l MC ldb 4.26 k Raman b Raman ; p _s qs0 3 =S 25Raman; b H Hs0 0T/Z_MvoZ_ H 3 C Raman ; b VZL s0 t t Ramanb S 1 B Bs Mx y z M5 b 2 B qBs MB 222,x y z xy xz yz“= B 22x y“BF5 Ramanb 4.27|s0 033Co(en)+2NO+ FHC=C=CHF22(NH ) CO60C 33HBO426N(CH)/ HqB a;