1、2018 届全国大联考（全国卷）高三第一次联考英语试卷（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：150 分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面
2、5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.答案是 C。1. What was the weather like when Beth was at the beach?A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.2. What will the man do next Friday?A. Attend a party.B. Go on a b
3、usiness trip.C. E-mail the woman a report.3. What does Nick do?A. A website designer. B. A computer salesman. C. A school teacher.4. Where are the speakers?A. In the womans house. B. In a bookstore. C. In a restaurant.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. A restaurant. B. The mans job. C. The ma
4、ns pay.第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. What is the womans opinion about the T-shirts?A. They are expensive. B. They are satisfying. C. They are ugly.7. What does
5、the woman decide to do in the end?A. Have lunch. B. Go to another shop. C. Buy a cheaper T-shirt.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8. Why did the man go to San Francisco on vacation?A. To meet a friend. B. To visit his sister. C. To tour a university.9. What did the woman do on her vacation?A. She studied at colle
6、ge.B. She did some shopping.C. She stayed with a friend.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student. B. Interviewer and interviewee. C. Colleagues.11. Where is the woman now?A. In Japan. B. In America. C. In Britain.12. What is the woman weak in?A.
7、 Computers. B. Languages. C. Organizing activities.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13. What are the speakers talking about?A. Their spare time in the evenings.B. Their habits of going on the Internet.C. Disadvantages of going on the Internet.14. What does the woman spend most of her time doing online?A. Read
8、ing useless information.B. Carrying out research. C. Doing her homework.15. What does the woman think of the chat rooms online?A. Useful. B. Unreliable. C. Boring.16. What do the speakers decide to do together this evening?A. Finish their college work. B. Play computer games. C. Watch a film.听第 10 段
9、材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. When was the sweater bought?A. On September 25th. B. On October 12th. C. On October 25th.18. What is the speakers problem with the sweater?A. It was the wrong size.B. It was washed in a wrong way.C. It became out of shape.19. What does the speaker mainly complain about?A. The pr
10、ice. B. The service. C. The quality.20. Who is the speaker probably speaking to?A. A manager. B. A shop assistant. C. A member of the helpline staff.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHere are some great people and their achievements.Mary Anderso
11、n windscreen wiperBack on a freezing winters day in 1902, Mary Anderson was travelling by train through New York City. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered a gust of sub-zero air. She had an idea: why not make some
12、kind of a rubber blade that could be operated from inside the vehicle? And thats exactly what she did.Josephine Cochrane dishwasherThe dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th century, and to the dinner parties thrown by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent host, she wanted a machin
13、e that could wash dishes faster than people. Her response was to develop what was to become the first commercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innovation was in her blood: her grandfather had invented the steamboat.Stephanie Kwolek KevlarKevlar is the lightweight fibre used in bulletproof
14、vests. The material is used by millions every day and has saved countless lives. The super tough fabric is also used in objects ranging from gloves to airplanes. Incredibly, its strength-to-weight ratio(比强度 ) is five times higher than steel. Again, it was invented by a woman, the American chemist St
15、ephanie Kwolek, in 1964.Grace Hopper first compiler(编译程序)One of the most important inventions of the 20th century must surely be the computer programme. The world of programming is unbalanced in terms of gender. Men vastly outnumber women, and take home around 30% more pay than their female counterp
16、arts on average. But back in the 1940s and 1950s, women were at the forefront of this new field. Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler in 1952, which serves as the bridge between code and the binary(二进制的) ones and zeros understood by computers.21. What do the inventions mentione
17、d in the passage have in common?A. Their inventors are all females.B. They were all invented in the 19th century.C. They were invented for the convenience of the inventors.D. They were the most important inventions at their times.22. What do we know about Josephine Cochrane?A. She invented the dishw
18、asher as well as the steamboat.B. She was greatly inspired by her grandfather.C. It troubled her a lot to wash dishes after parties.D. She invented the dishwasher at the request of her guests.23. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Windscreen wipers came out earlier than dishwashers.B. Mary And
19、ersons invention saved countless drivers lives.C. Grace Hopper is a pioneer in computer programme.D. Kevlar is five times lighter than steel.BSharon recently had a good year for tomatoes. She and her family had eaten and canned so many that they had begun to feel their skin turn slightly red. Thats
20、when she decided it was time to share her blessings. She started calling everyone she knew. When that failed, she began asking everyone in the neighborhood, eventually finding a neighbor delighted to have the tomatoes. Feel free to take whatever you want, Sharon told her. Later that day, Sharon foun
21、d that her garden had indeed been harvested. She felt happy that she could help someone and that the food didnt go to waste.A few days later, the neighbor knocked at the door holding a loaf of bread, smiling, I want to thank you for all of the tomatoes, and I have to admit that I took a few other th
22、ings and hoped you wouldnt mind. Sharon couldnt think of anything else in her garden that had been worth harvesting and said so. Oh, but you did, the neighbor said. You had some of the prettiest zucchinis(西葫芦 ) Ive ever seen.Sharon was confused. They hadnt even planted any zucchini. But her neighbor
23、 insisted that there really were bright-green zucchinis in her garden. Sharon felt curious and decided to go to see where the zucchinis had grown. The two of them walked together into the backyard. When the neighbor pointed at the long green vegetables, Sharon smiled, Well, actually, those are cucum
24、bers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating.The neighbor looked at Sharon. She gulped(倒吸气) a few times, and then, smiling, held out the bread, part of a batch(一批) she had shared all over the neighborhood, I brought you a nice loaf of cucumber bread. I hope you
25、like it.24. What did Sharon do with the tomatoes finally?A. She made them canned after their skin turned slightly red.B. She shared them with everyone she knew.C. She had a neighbor pick them and took them away.D. She harvested them and sold them to her neighbors.25. The neighbor knocked Sharons doo
26、r to _.A. share with Sharon the bread made with tomatoesB. thank her and apologize for taking other things besides tomatoesC. remind Sharon to harvest the zucchinis in Sharons gardenD. ask for more tomatoes from Sharons garden26. What mistake did the neighbor make?A. She took cucumbers from Sharons
27、garden without permission.B. She mistook cucumbers for zucchinis.C. She made bread with zucchinis and cucumbers.D. She shared bread all over the neighborhood.27. What can we infer when the neighbor gulped?A. The neighbor was embarrassed.B. The neighbor was moved.C. The neighbor was frightened.D. The
28、 neighbor felt guilty.CThe term boomerang kids refers to adult children who move back into their parents house after a period of living on their own.Traditionally, Americans expect to finish their schooling, get a job, and then move out of their parents home as soon as they become financially indepe
29、ndent. Unlike in other countries where it is common for adult children to live with their parents until they marry, or even after they are married, in the U.S., adults living with their parents after graduating and getting a job is not the typical pattern.However, things may be changing. The current
30、 generation of young adults are being called the boomerang generation because the lack of jobs has driven many of them to move back in with their parents, after having lived on their own while in college or after getting a full-time job. Fewer parents are experiencing what we sometimes call an empty
31、 nest, a home where the adult children leave and only the parents remain.In a study conducted by the Pew Research Center in 2011, about 30% of people ages 25 to 34 reported that they had moved back with their parents at one time or another. While many of these adult children say that this is a satis
32、factory situation, with over 75% of these young adults saying they like their living arrangement, sometimes its not easy for the parents. 65% parents say that it is difficult to adjust to the return of their children, especially when deciding how much help to give them. How does this living arrangem
33、ent affect the relationships between parents and adult children? About a quarter of the young adults say that their relationship with their parents has improved, a quarter say it has worsened, and about 50% say it hasnt had any effect either way.28. What does the underlined phrase boomerang kids in
34、the first paragraph mean? A. People who are adults but quite mentally childish.B. People who can save little money at the end of every month.C. People who care about their parents by living with them.D. People who still live on their parents when growing up.29. Whats the traditional pattern in Ameri
35、ca?A. Young adults live with their parents after graduation.B. Young adults find a full-time job with their parents help.C. Young adults live on their own and support themselves.D. Young adults go to college to get a degree.30. What may lead to the boomerang generation phenomenon?A. The tight employ
36、ment market.B. Parents overprotection.C. Lack of life experience.D. Parents fear for theempty nest.31. According to the study by the Pew Research Center, how do the majority of the parents feel about the return of their children?A. Satisfied. B. Uncomfortable. C. Acceptable. D. Unaffected. DYoull pr
37、obably never go to Mars or sing on the stage with the Rolling Stones. But if virtual reality (VR) ever lives up to its promise, you might be able to do all these things and many more without even leaving your home. Unlike real reality, VR means simulating(模拟) bits of our world. Apart from games and
38、entertainment, its long been used for training airlines pilots and doctors and for helping scientists to figure out complex problems such as the structure of protein molecules. Then how does it work? Close your eyes and think of VR and you probably picture something like this: a man wearing a wrap-a
39、round headset and data gloves wired(用线连接) into a powerful workstation or supercomputer. What makes VR different from an ordinary computer experience is the nature of the input and output. Where an ordinary computer uses things like a keyboard, mouse, or speech recognition for input, VR uses sensors(
40、传感器) that find out how your body is moving. And where a PC displays output on a screen, VR uses two screens (one for each eye), surround-sound speakers, and maybe some forms of touch and body feedback as well.VR has been generally used by scientists, doctors, dentists, engineers, architects, archaeo
41、logists, and the army for about the last 30 years. Difficult and dangerous jobs are hard to train for. How can you safely practice taking a trip to space, making a jump from an airplane, or carrying out a brain operation? All these things are obvious applications of VR.Like any technology, VR has bo
42、th good and bad points. Critics always warn that people may be addicted to alternative realities to the point of ignoring their real-world lives but that criticism has been aimed at everything from radio and TV to computer games and the Internet. Like many technologies, VR takes little or nothing aw
43、ay from the real world: you dont have to use it if you dont want to. 32. According to the passage, which of the following is a kind of virtual reality?A. Flying high in the sky in your dream.B. Traveling in space by spaceship in a lab.C. Working out a math problem by yourself.D. Practicing swimming
44、in a pool.33. What equipment does virtual reality use for input?A. A keyboard. B. A speaker. C. A screen. D. Sensors.34. TV is mentioned in the last paragraph to _.A. prove everything has good and bad pointsB. show the difference between virtual reality and other technologiesC. advise us to make use
45、 of virtual realityD. warn people not to be addicted to alternative realities35. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The importance of virtual reality. B. The difference between real reality and virtual reality.C. The principles and applications of virtual reality.D. The equipment needed for
46、virtual reality.第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。No one can deny the importance of honesty. Parents must try their best to teach their children to be honest from the early age. 36 But this simple guide contains all the best possible methods to teach your children
47、to be honest.Talk to your children about honesty.Sit with your children and let them know about the importance of honesty. 37 So try to highlight its importance with the help of some stories about honesty. You can talk about the real life happenings as well. Additionally, deliver them a friendly lec
48、ture regarding the importance of honesty in ones life.38 Most of the children learn enough from movies and consider the actors as their role model. Ask your children to join you while watching movies and try playing the one related to honesty. For example, the famous comedy film Liar Liar highlights the disadvantages of lying and the advantages of honesty.Introduce honesty as a home rule.You mig
