1、,Narration,narration叙述文description描写文exposition说明文argumentation议论文,English Writing Styles,What is narration ?,At its simplest, narration is the telling of a story, which involves characters and ongoing actions.,To narrate is to give an account of what happened or is happening.,It attempts to recreat
2、e events so that the reader may vicariously(替代地) share the experience,Two Types of Narration,Literary narrativeis usually fictitious, found abundantly in literary creations such as anecdotes, tales and fables, romances, short stories, novels, and stories in verse.,Two Types of Narration,Expository n
3、arrativeis the factual account of events, including history, biography, travels, news reports and journals.,The ways to narrate,in sequence of time顺叙flashback倒叙narration interspersed with flashbacks插叙narration interspersed with comment）夹叙夹议,The elements of a narrative,Setting,Plot,Atmosphere,Conflic
4、t,Point of View,Characterization,1.1 Setting 背景,The time and place in which the events of a story take place . Cultural ,social , physical context of a story.,2. Plot 情节,the sequence of events that take place in a story,3 Characterization 人物的刻画,The methods used to present the personality of a charac
5、ter in a narrative .Direct-the author describes the character . Indirect-the reader judges what the character is like based on what they say or do , or what other characters say about them.,4 Atmosphere 气氛,The general mood or feeling established in a piece of literature. Atmosphere is created throug
6、h word choice and pacing .,5 Conflict,the central problem that drives the action of a story . Two main types Internal -the conflict happens in a characters mind External-the conflict happens between characters ,or between a character and some outside force.,6 Point of View 视角,Who is narrating the st
7、ory Two main types First person-the narrator use “I” to tell the action ,and is involved in the story Third person-the story is told from a perspective outside the story .The characters are referred to by name ,or as he ,she or they,What should you consider when planning a narrative?,Step1.Context,A
8、t the beginning of a narrative ,make clear: When Where Who Provide the reader with context to help him the whole narrative,Step2.Purpose,There must be a purpose in telling a story -to prove a theory -to illustrate the concept -to praise a virtue -to condemn a vice ,etc,Step3.Seletion of details,A na
9、rrative is made up of details Providing enough and only relevant details or things that contribute the bringing out the main of the narrative,Step4.Ognization,Chronological order In the order in which things occur Flashback To arouse readers interest,Step5.Outline,A beginning The setting A middle The body tells the story itself An end,Thank You!,
