过去分词revision

1、Verbs (simple past & present perfect),costcuthurtletputreadbeat,- cost - cost - cut - cut - hurt - hurt - let - let - put - put - read - read - beat - beat,不变(原型-过去式-过去分词),Verbs (simple past & present perfect),bringbuildfeelholdmakepay,- brought - brought - built - built - felt - felt - held - held - made - made - paid - paid,过去式与过去分词一致,Verbs (simple past & present perfect),bring / buy / think / (fight) catch / teach build / los。

2、过去分词与过去式,制作：唐璇婷,不规则动词的过去式 （初二）,不规则动词的过去式,1. 把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。过去分词不变如： becomebecame, comecame 2把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如： beginbegan， drinkdrank， givegave， ringrang， singsang sitsat， swimswam sinksank， 3把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如： drivedrove， riderode， shineshone， winwon， writewrote 4动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如： getgot forgetforgot 5动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如： keepkept ， sleepslep。

3、Grammar and usage,Unit 19,Non-finite Verbs 非谓语动词,现在分词动名词,动名词,现在分词,非谓语动词,过去分词,不定式,-ing 形式,1.作主语,Finding work is difficult theses days.,It is a waste of time reading that book.,2.作宾语,Would you mind waiting a few minutes？,They are looking forward to Marys coming.,3.作表语,e.g.One of her hobbies is growing flowers.,4. 作定语,There are no swimming pools in our school.,The speed of the horses was amazing.,Do you know the three children walking towards us?,. 作宾。

4、Grammar,过去分词作定语过去分词作表语过去分词作宾语补足语,过去分词作定语相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。,一、过去分词作定语,spoken English 英语口语cooked food 熟食 _(fry) chips 炸土豆条a _(lose) dog 丧家之犬,fried,lost,boiled water 开水_(fall) leaves 落叶the _(rise) sun 升起的太阳My parents are both _(retire) teachers 我的父母都是退休教师。,注意： 不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。,fallen,risen,retired,(1) 前置定语,_过去分词, 。

5、英语语法：,过去分词的用法,过去分词,过去分词(past participle)是分词的一种。规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加-ed构成，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。,动词,限定性： 谓语动词,非限定：,1 不定式（to do）2 动名词 （-ing）3 分词 （现在分词、过去分词）,AAA型即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个) cost-cost-cost cut-cut-cut hit-hit-hit hurt-hurt-hurt let-let-let put-put-put read-read-read(read的原形和过去式、过去分词 读音不同 ) set-set-set shut-shut-shut,ABB型:过去式、过去分词相同,bring-brought-br。

6、Unit 1 Great scientists,Grammar,Grammar,past participle used as the attribute & the predictive,- Look at the excited boy! Why is he so happy? - He has got the first prize in the contest. - No wonder he is excited!,Discovering useful structures,一、过去分词作定语 1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。 eg：a lost animala used stampan injured lega broken windowa lighted candle,一只迷路的动物 一枚用过的邮票 一条受伤的腿 一个破损的窗户 一支点燃的蜡烛,注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动。

7、过去式过去分词不规则变化,2012.3,1) 原形中的元音字母有变化: get-got-got, sit sat-sat win-won-won spit- spat- spat shine shone- shone find- found- found hold-held-held meet- met-met stand- stood-stood understand-understood-understood feed- fed-fed hang-hung-hung,2) 原形中的辅音字母有变化: make-made-made spill-spilt-spilt have/ has-had-had build-built-built send-sent-sent lend- lent- lent spend-spent-spent,3) 在原形后加t或d: spoil-spoilt-spoilt learn-learnt-learnt mean-meant-meant hear-heard-heard 。

8、,Grammar,The Past Participle,过去分词,过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当状语、定语、表语和宾语补足语等成分。,Past participle,若是及物动词（vt ）则表示被动；动作已经完成（即先于谓语动词） 若是不及物动词（vi）则只表示完成。 如：a broken glass=a glass which has been brokena fallen leaf=a leaf which has fallen (down),一. 形式与含义,二.过去分词的作用： Past participle can be used as adverbial , attribute , predicative &object complement.,1. 过去分词做定语：,表示分。

9、,Unit 3Inventors and Inventions,Grammar,动词-ed形式作定语 动词-ed形式作表语 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语,动词-ed形式作状语,过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词 (the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如：,一、动词-ed形式作定语,spoken English (英语口语)； iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；,cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆条);,但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。

10、非谓语,所有的非谓语都是相对于谓语动词来说的，因此，非谓语的选择和使用，有两个考虑的维度： 1.与句子主语比较，从而确定主被动 2.与句子谓语动词比较，从而确定完成、正在进行中或是即将要做,V+ed,被动、完成、心理状态,Underline all the ed in those sentences,1.The cup is broken. 2.The door is closed. 3.Our teacher was satisfied with our answers. 4.The ground is covered with snow. 5.A broken cup is lying on the floor. 6.Polluted water is harmful to peoples health. 7.A boy called Tom is coming. 8.The meeting。

11、过去分词 the past participle,过去分词知识总结 I 过去分词的形式II 过去分词的性质III 过去分词的用法,构成形式“动词原形+ed”规则形式: e.g. open love study stop 不规则形式： e.g. cost bend keep fight break rise swim 过去分词没有时态和语态的变化,I 过去分词的构成形式,opened,loved,studied,stopped,cost,bent,kept,fought,broken,risen,swum,II 过去分词的性质,过去分词既有动词性质，也有形容词和副词性质1)动词性质表现为:可以有自己的状语并组成过去分词短语。He likes to read the books written by Lu Xun.(过去分词短。

12、非谓语动词,非谓语动词,(1)Infinitive 动词不定式to do (2)Gerund 动名词 V-ing (3)Present Participle 现在分词V-ing (4)Past Participle过去分词V-ed,attention,现在分词与过去分词,形式: (1)现在分词doing/being done;having done/having been done(2)过去分词done 区别: (1)现在分词:表示主动意义,(动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生doing)或(动作在谓语动词所表示的动作前发生having done)；有被动语态，否定式not +V-ing(2)过去分词:表示被动或完成意义,在谓语动词之前发生的动作,无完成式或被动式,过去分词作定语 有前置和后置两。

13、现 在 分 词,The Present Participle,现在分词的形式,现在分词的一般式通常表示其动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。如： She sat there reading a novel. 她坐在那里看小说。 A little child learning to walk often falls. 学走路的小孩常常跌跤。 现在分词的一般式所表示的动作有时在谓语动词的动作之前发生。如： Going into the room, he shut the door. 走进房间，他就关上了门。,现在分词的完成式表示其动作在谓语动词的动作之前完成。 Having finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV. 做完作业后，这个小女孩开始。

14、1,现在分词和过去分词,非谓语动词,1,3,什么是非谓语动词啊？,“非谓语非谓语”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!,那不是谓语 是什么呢？,。,4,一、 非谓语使用条件,一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.,5,英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构 如果出现更多动词： 加连词（and / but / so） 放入从句 变为非谓语动词 例如：,9. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.A. invited B. to in。

15、Grammar,Past participle (3) used as Adverbial & Attribute,过去分词,过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当状语、定语等成分。,过去分词与现在分词作状语过去分词表完成、被动,与主句主语之间是被动关系;现在分词表进行,主动,与主句主语之间是主动关系。如果一个被动的动作发生在谓语动词之前,则可使用现在分词的完成被动式或过去分词。,attention,过去分词表完成、被动, 作状语时,其逻辑主语是主句的主语, 且与主语之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作状语可表时间, 原因, 让步, 结果, 方式, 条件等。。

16、现在分词过去分词,现在分词 过去分词 构成 doing 一般式 done being done 被动式having done完成式 在逗号前只能做状语having been done 功能 = adj & adv 表语 定语 状语 补 区别 1 意义 令人怎么样 人心里感到怎么样2 时态 进行 完成 3 语态 主动 被动,not,not,区别V-ing 令人怎样 正在 主动V-ed 本身感到怎样 完成 被动,the changing world the changed world,正在变化着的,已经变化了的,boiling water,boiled water,正在沸腾着的水,煮开过的水,a developing country,a developed country,发展中国家,发达国家,一 、作定语: 单个单词前。

17、分词做补语 Grammar P.P as O.C,一. 过去分词用在表示状态的动词 keep, leave 等的后面. They kept the door locked for a long time. Dont leave the windows broken like this all the time.,二. 过去分词用在 get, have, make 的后面. Have 的两种用法: 1.表示“让某人做某事”. I have had my bike repaired. The villagers had many trees planted just then. 2. 表示“遭遇不幸;受到打击”,I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month. The old man had his leg broken in the accident. Make+宾语+过去分词 I raised my voice to 。

18、Grammar,过去分词作状语，一是表被动的动作，二是表动作已经完成。通常作如下几种状语：,1. When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.,Seen from the hill,1. 时间状语, 可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等.,2. Dont speak until you are spoken to.,Until spoken to,2.原因状语,1. Because the boy was greatly touched by his teachers words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.,Greatly touched by the teachers words,2. As he was surprised at what happened, Tom didnt know what to。

19、The Little Match Girl,Task one: describe a story,The Little Match Girl,It was a day before the Christmas. _with white snow, the world seemed so cold. A little girl was walking in the street, selling matches. She didnt wear any shoes because she had her shoes _.She looked very _because there were lots of matches _.She wished all her matches _ but nobody bought a single one. She was so cold that she sat in a corner with her legs huddled up. Then she lit a m。